77<> CAP 
in winter; and in the fpring following they tnuft be plung¬ 
ed into a freth hot-bed of tanners’s-bark, which will bring 
up the plants, if the feeds were good ; when the plants 
appear they mu ft have little water, but much air in warm 
weather ; when they are large enough to remove, they 
mult be eacli tranfplanted into a feparate fmall pot ; filled 
with the fame earth, and then plunged into the hot-bed 
again, obferving to (hade them until they have taken frelh 
root; after which they rnuft have frelh air admitted to 
them every day, in proportion to the warmth of the fea- 
fon. In the autumn they nmft be removed into the (love, 
and plunged into the bark-bed, where they Ihould con- 
ftantly remain, and will require the fame treatment as other 
tender exotic plants from the fame countries; w ith this dif¬ 
ference only, that they require little water, efpecially in 
winter, for the roots of thefe plants are very fubjedlto rot 
w ith wet. If the feeds are brought over in their capfules, 
they will keep much better than without them ; but thefe 
finould be fecured from infcdfs, by wrapping them into 
tobacco leaves which are well dried ; without this pre¬ 
caution, the feeds will be deftroyed before they arrive. 
The feeds in general germinate immediately, and there¬ 
fore cannot well be fent dry to Europe. This, with the 
difficulty of preferving the plants, accounts for the pre- 
icnt fcarcity of,them in our ftoves, although many of them 
were cultivated by Mr,. Miller. 
CAP'PARIS FABA'GO. See Zycophyllum. 
CAP'PEL, a place of Swilferland, in the canton of 
Zurich, where, cn account of a religious difpute, a battle 
was fought between the Catholics and Proteftants, in the 
year 1531, in which Zuinglius the reformer loft his life: 
nine miles fouth of Zurich. 
CAP'PEL, or Waldkapel, a town of Germany, in 
the circle of the Upper Rhine, and principality of the 
Upper Hefte : twenty-two miles fouth-eaft of Caffel. 
CAP'PEL, or Kapfel, a town of Denmark, in the 
duchy of Slclwick, on the eaft coaft ; fixteen miles north- 
eall of Slefwick. Lat. 54. 44. N. Ion. 10. El Greenwich. 
CAP'PELN, a town of Germany, in the circle ofWeft- 
phalia, and county of Tecklenburg : eight miles- north- 
north-eaft of Tecklenburg. 
CAP'PENBERG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Weftphalia, and bilhopric of Munfter : lix miles north- 
weft of Werne. 
C AP'PER, f. [fromec/i.] One who makes or fells caps. 
CAPPERON 1 ER' (Claude), a learned Frenchman, 
born at Montdidier in Picardy, in 1671 ; was put by his 
parents to the trade of a tanner ; but, at his moments of 
Jeillire, he learned of himfelf the elements of the Latin 
tongue. An uncle, a benedidline of an abbey, obferving 
his inclination for books, prevailed on his parents to let him 
purfiie it. Accordingly, having gone through his fchool- 
learning at Montdidier and Amiens, he went to Paris in 
1688 ; and applied himfelf with fuch ardour to the Greek, 
as foon to become eminent for his (kill in that language. 
In 1722 he was made profefTor of Greek in the college 
royal ; and in 1744 he died at Paris. He gave fonie pub¬ 
lic fpecimens of his great learning, by publifhing, 1. An 
edition of Quintilliani Inftitutiones Oratorio, Paris, 1725, 
folio, dedicated to Lewis XIV. who rewarded the editor 
vvitli a penfion of 800 livres. 2. After his death an edition 
of the ancient Latin Rhetors, at Strafbourg, 1756, 4to. 
3. He left in manufcript, Obfervationes Philologicae, or 
Emendations of paflages in ancient Greek and Latin au¬ 
thors, which (it is faid) wouLd make feveral 410 volumes. 
4. Immanufcript alfo, A Treatife of the ancient Pronun¬ 
ciation of the Greek Language. 
CA'PRA,y! [thefoem. of caper, alie-goat.] The Goat ; 
in zoology, a genus of quadrupeds belonging to the oi> 
der of pecora. The generic charafters are.—rough, com- 
prefled, hollow, and perfiftent, horns; which are erected 
from the top of the head, and bend backwards. Eight 
cutting teeth in the lower jaw, but none in the upper; 
and are deftitute of canine teeth or tufks. The'chin, in 
the male, is furnilhed with a beard. The antelopes are 
included in this genus by Linnjeus, wbofe fyftem we fob 
CAP 
low ; though Dr. Grnelin, in imitation of Pennant, Erxle- 
ben, and Pallas, has formed them into a diftinft genus * 
and which now' conftitutes the fecond divilion of tins arti¬ 
cle. This race of animals are fond of dry elevated fitua- 
tions, on rocky hills, and feed much on aromatic vegeta¬ 
bles ; they differ from fheep clue fly in the ere&ed fituation 
of their horns, in being covered with hair inftead of wool, 
and in a rank difagreeable odour, efpecially the males, 
which, from them, has acquired the name of hircine, even 
when exhaled from other animals, and even from fome ve¬ 
getables. In their wild (fate they are exceedingly fhy and 
timid, but are eafily tamed, and become very familiar : 
the males fight much in rutting time, and differ in this 
from fheep or rams, as the latter run full tilt at each other 
with their heads held down, whereas the goat rifes almoft 
eredft on his hind legs, and turns his head on one fide to 
ftrike his antagonift with his horns. There were no ani¬ 
mals of this ffenus originally in America ; but they are now- 
very plentiful in nioft parts of that continent, and of vari¬ 
ous breeds. 
1. Capra liircus, the common or domeftic goat. This 
tame fpecies is diftinguiffied by horns which incline gently 
backwards as they rife from their bafes, increafing the 
curve towards the upper extremity. Thefineft bucks have 
pendent ears, thick thighs, black thick foft hair, a long 
buftiy beard, a fliort flefliy neck, and a light head. The 
belt (lie-goats have large bodies, thick thighs, long capa¬ 
cious udders, and foft buftiy hair; and walk with a light 
lively ftep. The character of the domeftic goat is much 
lefs amiable than that of the fheep. Vicioufnefs, fubtlety, 
and leachery, are the predominant qualities of this animal. 
Even in his ordinary motions he betrays the caprice of his 
character: he walks, runs, leaps, retires, approaches, in 
the moft irregular manner imaginable ; yet he is amazingly 
fwiftand agile. He mounts the moft rugged mountains, 
'and fearlelsly approaches the fteepeft precipices: and, 
though he appears thus raflily to expofe himfelf to cer¬ 
tain danger, yet fuch is his addrefs in running, climbing, 
leaping, and balancing his body in difficult fituations, that 
he fcarcely ever meets with an accident. The plants which 
the goat prefers for food are chiefly fuch as are defpifed 
by the fheep, the cow, the horfe, and moft other domef. 
tic animals ; and indeed grow in fituations where few'of 
thefe can approach them. Hemlock, euphorbium, and 
feveral modes, are delicious to the goat. He devours with, 
avidity, the bark, leaves, and branches, of moft treCs. 
Many fheep farmers keep a few goats among their flocks 
to clear the pafttire of thofe herbs, which, though delica¬ 
cies to the goat, are noxious to the fheep. The fhe-goat 
goes five months with young, and brings commonly one 
or two at a birth. The kids are ufually produced between 
the end of February and the beginning of May. The male 
is capable of engendering when a year old ; and the female 
ready to receive his embraces at the age of feven months : 
but it is better to reftrain both fexes till they attain the 
age of eighteen months or two years. The ardour of the 
male is remarkable ; but in the (pace of three or four years 
-his vigour is wafted ; and at the age of five or fix, he feeh 
prematurely all the feeblefs of old age. The buck has a 
rank naufeous fmell; proceeding not from his flefti, but 
from his fkin. Though fond of the fummits of bleak and 
lofty mountains, the goat is ill qualified to bear extreme 
cold. In France they are fhelfered under roofs in winter, 
as well as black cattle, and are fed with branches of trees 
gathered for the purpofe in autumn, and with cabbages, 
turnips, and other fimilar plants. 
The domeftic goat is well known through Europe, and 
even in the other regions of the globe. Confiderable herds 
are kept in the mountainous parts of Wales. The Welch 
goats are greatly fuperior in fize to moft of the breeds cul¬ 
tivated in other mountainous countries, and are commonly 
,of a white colour. In Caernarvonftiire, they are gene¬ 
rally flittered to run wild on the rocks in both winter and 
Aimmer, If we may judge from the expreffions of the an¬ 
cient paftoral poets, goats were in their days tended in 
Greece and Italy with no lefs care than fheep. In Nor¬ 
way, 
