CAPRA 
774 
notwithftanding the defcription given in the charadler; but 
they may always be diftinguilhed by their pale colour and 
femitranfparency, niolt other antelopes having black, opake 
horns. 
<3. Antilope gutturofa, or the Chinefe antelope : of a 
reddifh colour, having the horns bent in the form of a lyre, 
and no bruflies on the knees. It inhabits the deferts of Mon. 
galia, the whole fouthern deferts from China to Thibet, 
along the river Amur, in Tangut, the northern borders of 
India, and among the Burats fouth of lake Baikal. This 
animal is about the fame fize and'form with the common 
antelope, being about four feet four inches long, and two 
feet and a half high at the '(boulders; the horns are about 
nine incites long, lurrounded with' about twenty rings, or 
annular wrinkles, almo.ft to the ends; they recline back¬ 
wards, diverge at the upper parts, and approach at the 
extremity; are of a yellow colour and opake, in which 
latter circumftance they differ from the horns of the faiga, 
which are almofl iranfparent ; the lachrymal furrows un¬ 
der the eyesare very finall; on the fore-part of the neck 
is a large moveable protuberance, oceafioned by a fmgular 
Conformation of the wind-pipe; the cells iirthe groins are 
very large; in fummer the fur is fbort, dofe, and tawny, 
or of a rufty grey colour, on the upper parts of the body, 
and whitifh on the lower parts; but in winter it grows long, 
rough, and hoary, fo as to feem almofl white at a diftance; 
it he head is t hick, with a blunt nofe, convex on its upper 
part; the ears are fmall and pointed; the tail flvort: this 
xpecies keeps in conliderable flocks, moftly in mountainous 
and rocky places, or in dry and funny pafiures, feeding 
only on fweet and tender herbs ; they are extremely fwift, 
and take prodigious leaps, and, though very fliy and ti¬ 
mid, will not take the water even when driven to extre¬ 
mity, and are equally fearful of woods; when takenyoung 
They are eafily tamed; they run in a regular file, which is 
led by an old animal; they feed in fmall parcels during 
fpring and fummer, but colled into great flocks before 
winter: the male has a remarkable bag or follicle, at the 
■orifice of the prepuce, which is fometimes filled with a 
a waxy or glutinous, matter, but is generally empty: the 
female has no horns, but is of the fame colour with the 
male; they procreate in winter, confiderably later than 
the faiga, and the female brings forth about the beginning 
of June : they-are much hunted by the Tartars, who are 
fond of their flefh, and the horns are a conliderable article 
of commerce with the Chinefe. 
10. Antilope lubgutturofa ; or the Perfian antelope : 
the horns are bent in form of a-lyre ; the upper parts of 
the body are of a brownifii afh colour, the under parts 
pure white, with a yellowifh white (tripe along each fide. 
It inhabits Perfia between the Cafpian and Euxine leas. 
This fpecies refembles the roe in fize and appearance ; it 
lives in large flocks, feeding chiefly on the Artemifi-a pon- 
tica ; the horns are above thirteen inches long, arid fmooth 
at the points; the throat has a degree of protuberance at 
the fore part, owing to the fize of tire head of the wind¬ 
pipe ; and the knees are provided with brufhes. The fe¬ 
males bring forth in May. The fkflrof this fpecies is 
reckoned extremely good ; it was difeovered by that in¬ 
defatigable traveller, the late Mr. Guildenfledt. 
11. Antilope pygara, or the white-faced antelope : the 
horns are bent in form of a lyre ; the general colour is a 
hoary red, with, a blood red or bright bay neck, a deep 
Bed.band along tire rides, while buttocks, and a white 
face. It inhabits the countries to tire north of the Cape 
of Good Hope. This fpecies is about five feet four inches! 
long, and three feet high at the (boulders : it runs with, 
great velocity, and makes aftonifliing bounds, even oil the- 
moll precipitous and rocky, places, fo that it is caught- with 
great'difficulty, though its flei'a is much eft earned 5. the 
horns, are,about fixteeu filches.long, they bend outwards 
hi the middle, and approach at the points; on the males 
the lower 'bird of each horn has fix or feven rings, and 
the reft is fmooth, while on the females the horns have 
Wj, rings; the. cars, are about feven inches long : the face 
is white ; the cheeks and neck are bright bay ; the back is 
brown afh colour mixed with red; the fides, Banks, and 
fhoulders, are deep brown ; the belly, rump, and middle 
of the back behind, are white ; a dark brown lilt begins 
at the back of the neck, on the ridge of the back, which 
foon divides and reaches down the outer fides of the hind 
thighs; and a fimilar band, from the flioulder joint, di¬ 
vides the fides from the belly, and extends down the ou t- 
fide of each fore leg; the tail is about feven inches long, 
and is terminated with fome longilh black hairs ; the le°s 
are (lender, and the hoofs are (hort. Dr. Gmelin quotes 
the koba of Buffon, and mountain antelope of Ruffe), aS- 
fynonymes of this fpecies, but, at the fame time, acknow¬ 
ledges his uncertainty, and fays, from this circumftance,, 
that it is perhaps found in hither Alia ; but, on the autho¬ 
rity of Mr. Pennant, we have referred the koba to an¬ 
other fpecies, as it is hardly to be fuppofed that this 
fhould be found near Aleppo, and in the fouthern extre¬ 
mity of Africa, without exittingin the intermediateplaces. 
12. Antilope faltans, the fpringer antelope : the horns 
are (lender, twice contorted, and simulated half way : the 
general colour is a pale brown, the cheft, belly, infides- 
of the limbs, buttocks, and half way up the back, are 
white, with a broad chefnut coloured band along the fides. 
This animal, if different from the white-faced fpecies, in¬ 
habits at the Cape of Good Hope. It is lefs than a roe, 
and weighs about fifty pounds ; it migrates annually from 
the interior parts of the country in fmall herds, continues 
for two or three months near the Cape, and then goes oiff 
towards the north, in herds of many thoufands ; fome¬ 
times, generally after an interval of feven or eight years,, 
this fpecies comes.from the north in flocks of many hun¬ 
dred thoufands, probably compelled by'exceffive drought* 
and, fpreading over Caffraria, defolates the whole coun¬ 
try, hardly leaving a blade of grafs ; they are attended in 
their migrations by lions, hyaenas-, and other beads of 
prey. The face, cheeks, chin, nofe, and fore-part of the 
neck, are white ; with a dufky line, which paffes from the 
bafe of each horn-down the fide of the face, invol ving the 
orbits, to the corner of the mouth ; the moll remarkable 
part of its defeription is, that, when alarmed, it has the 
power of expanding the white ftripe above the tail into a- 
circular form, which returns again to its linear form when 
the animal- is at reft. After all, it feerrisuncertain if there- 
be any difference between this animal and the white-faced 
antelope immediately preceding ; for, in the form of their' 
horns and difpofition of the dark-coloured bands, they 
exactly agree. 
i j, Antilope dorcas, or-the Barbary antelope : the horns 
are bent in form of a lyre : the upper parts of the body 
are reddifh brown, the under parts and buttocks white,, 
and both are divided by a dufky line along the fides. It 
inhabits Barbary,. Egypt, Arabia, and Syria. This ani¬ 
mal is about half the fize of a fallow deer ; the horns are- 
about twelve inches long, and lurrounded with about thir¬ 
teen prominent rings, a final! part of the ends only being 
finooth ; they incline firft backwards, then bend a 1-itlle- 
outwands in tire middle, and the ends, which approach, 
revert fomewhat forwards.; the k-nees are each furnifhed 
with a long btitfli, or tuft of hair ; the tail is ftiort, cover¬ 
ed with longifh black hairs, and is white underneath. 
This fpecies is fuppofed by Dr. Gmelin. to be the Difchon 
of Mofes ;. perhaps theanimal mentioned in the books < f 
Solomon, and, in our tr-anflation, named the roes of the 
mountains: it goes-in large flocks, is eafily tamed, tho’ 
ijiatural'ly very timid, and is reckoned excellent eating. 
1-4.. Antilope kevella, or the kevel : has large horns,, 
which are flattened, and bent in form of a lyre : the fur is 
yelhrivifh, with pale ftreaks ; and a dark-coloured band 
runs along each (ide. It inhabits Barbary, Senegal, and 
Perfia. Is about the fize of a fmall roe : it lives in large 
flocks, and, like molt of the fpecies, is reckoned viry de¬ 
licate eating, though it has a rmrficy odour when alive. In 
both fe'xes the'horns'are furrounded with prominent rings, 
ufuaily from fourteen to eighteen, except the ends,, 
wifi sib 
