?jo6 Car 
in this attitude; for the fpikes, by reafon of their thin 
«nd long-peduncles, us loon as the impregnation of their 
tiovers lias taken place, aie too heavy for their weak fup- 
porters. It ufually produces five or fix female fpikes, and 
One male, very rarely two. 
90. Carex recurva, or heath, fedge: fpikes crowded, 
peduncled, cylindric, rather pendulous, male terminal; 
capfules imbricate, rather obttife. Culms ere 61 , three- 
cornered, with obfolete angles ; leaves and Hem fea-green. 
Found in meadows, woods, and heaths; flowering in May 
and June. This fpecies varies much in flze and habit; 
but its cylindric, pendulous, black, fpikes, glaucous leaves, 
fliort (heaths, roundifh capfules, fmooth culm, and creep¬ 
ing root, are ohvious diflinctions. Though common, it is 
little noticed by old authors : there is no old figure befides 
Morrifon’s. Dr. Goodenough affirms, that it has invari¬ 
ably three ftigmas. 
'91. Carex juncea : fpikes very remote, male longer than 
the females, which are fubfeffile ; capfules bifid, three- 
cornered, fmooth ; feed three-cornered. Culm a foot high ; 
leaves fcarCely two lines broad. 
92. Carex leptoftachys: fpikes fexually difiin6t, males 
finale, females peduncled, remote, pendulous, filiform; 
capfules remote, entire at the end. Native of Germany. 
9j. Carex chinenfis: fpikes ere6i, male terminating, 
females peduncled, four ; capfules acuminate. This is a 
fpan high; leaves longer, than the culm, rugged about the 
edge; culms three-fided, fmooth. Native of China, from 
whence it was fent by Bladh. 
X. 94.. Carex riparia, or common fedge : (pikes oblong, 
acute; fcales of the males lanceolate, thofe of tire females 
acuminate and awned; capfules lanceolate-ovate, with 
two teeth at the point. Mr. Curtis has diflinguifhed fpe- 
cifically three plants, which are looked upon by many only 
as varieties. He entitles them riparia, acuta, and gracilis ; 
but, (ince his acuta is different from the acuta of Linnaeus, 
we have followed Dr. Goodenough in calling it paludofa. 
This accurate obferver-informs us, that he was led to the 
idea of their being really diflin6t fpecies from remarking 
the pointed triangular black heads, or male fpikes, of the 
firft; the bluntnefs not only of the fpikes themfelves, but 
of the fcales compofing the male fpikes of the fecond ; and 
the narrow leaves and (lender appearance of the fpikes in 
the third ; joined to the want of that glaucous hue in the 
leaves, fo confpicuous in thofe of. the two former. He 
iranfplanted them into his garden, and found that they 
(fill kept up the fame appearances. It is common by the 
tides of ditches, lakes, and rivers ; flowering in April and 
May. In Italy, the leaves are ufed by the glafs-makers 
to bind their vvine-flafks; by the chair-makers, to bottom 
ahairs; and by coopers, to place in the jun6lures in the 
beads of calks. 
95. Carex paludofa, or ffiarp fedge: fpikes oblong, 
bluntiffi ; fcales of the males blunt, of the females lanceo¬ 
late ; capfules ovate-lanceolate, fomewhat toothed at the 
tip. The paludofa, or acute carex of Mr. Curtis, is next 
in fize, at lead with refpeft to the breadth of its leaves, to 
the riparia. They.frequently grow together, and, being 
®reat!y fimilar in their foliage, may eafily be confounded. 
This plant, which is to .commonwith 11s, does not appear 
to have been noticed by Linnaeus. It is often very varia¬ 
ble ia its*appearance, bujt tlie fcales of the male fpike will 
afford a confiajit chara 61 er; they are always more or lefs 
blunt in this .fpecies,, and very acute in riparia. Its cap- 
fules are either not at. all, or very (lightly, divided, at the 
luinmit,. but not beaked or forked. Grows in marflies, 
and by ths fides of ditches; flowering in May and June. 
9C." Carex gracilis, or flencier-fpiked fedge: fpikes fili¬ 
form ; flowers two-fly led; mouth of the capfules very .entire. 
The gracilis,, though a more (lender plant in flalks, leaves, 
and fpikes, is equal in height, when it grows in fimilar 
fituations, to the other two, but among the herbage it is 
(hotter. The leaves are not only narrower, but have not 
she glaucous colour of the others. The (lendernefs of ha- 
j«t in this plant, its filiform fpikes, pendulous yvhen in 
E X. 
flower, (though upright when in fruit,) its having two 
(ligntas, and the Capfules fiaftilh, and undivided at the 
lummit, keep it evidently di ft in 61 from all others. It va¬ 
ries much in fize, from three or four inches (in dryfurved 
land) to a foot, two feet, and upwards. 
97. Carex ampullacca, or bottle-fedge : fpikes filiform, 
males more (lender, females round, upright; capfules in¬ 
flated, globol'e, awn-beaked, divaricate. Root creeping 
very much ; leaves glaucous, upright, narrow, longer than 
the culm, rough on a great part of the edges and keel ; 
culm from afoot to two feet in height, upright, three- 
fided, the angles acute, rough towards the top, but com¬ 
monly fmooth beneath the lower fpike. It grows in fens; 
flowering in May. Near London it is not common ; it is 
to be met with, however, plentifully at Virginia water. 
Probably feveral of the new fpecies here enumerated may 
prove on farther examination to be either varieties or re¬ 
petitions of old ones. Where we could not afeertain this, 
we have left the fpecies as we found them, on the credit 
of thofe refpedfable authors who have eftabliftied them. 
When the truly learned Dr.Goodenough (hall have fettled 
the effential differences of the foreign, as well as he has 
done thofe of our domefitic fpecies, and (hall have difentan- 
gled all the intricacies of the fynonyms in both, we may 
hope for (omething more fatisfa6Iory than we poflefs at 
prefentoa this very extenfive and difficult genus. 
Propagation, Culture* and Extirpation. Thefe plants are 
never cultivated, except in botanic gardens, for the deter¬ 
mination of the fpecies. They may readily be propagated 
by the roots. Some few of them require a dry foil, and 
others a fliady fituation ; but the greater part nuift be 
placed with water and bog plants, either by the fide of 
ponds, or in pots or tubs filled with marffi or bog earth, 
and (landing in water. With thefe advantages, Tome of 
them will fcatcely dower in a garden. The carices or 
ledges cannot be confidered asufeful plants, except in fuch 
fituations as will not produce better fodder and herbage; 
or where they contribute to fill up marflies, and lay a foun¬ 
dation for their becoming hereafter dry land and ufeftil 
meadows. Wherever a meadow is capable of being drain¬ 
ed, the fedge may be dcltroyed, wet being necefiaryto the 
exiflence of thofe forts which over-run pafture grounds. 
This general principle may be applied to many particular 
cafes, by fuch as attend to the nature of foils, and the 
plants-which they produce. See Scleria. 
CA'REY (Harry); a man diftinguiffied both by poetry 
and mufic, but perhaps more fo by a certain facetioufnefs, 
which made him agreeable to every body. He publifhed, 
in 1720, a colle 61 ion of poems ; and, in 1732, fix cantatas, 
written and compofed by himfelf. He compofed the fongs 
in the Provoked. Hulband ; and wrote a farce called the 
Contrivances, in which were feveral fongs to very pretty 
airs of his own compofition : he alfo made two or three 
little dramas for Goodman’s-fields theatre, which were fa¬ 
vourably received. Carey’s talent lay in humour and un- 
malevolent fatire : to ridicule the rant and bombaft of mo¬ 
dern tragedies, lie wrote Chrononhotonthologos, afted in 
1734. He alfo wrote a farce calledThe Honefl Yorklhire- 
raan. Carey had an unfurmountable averfion to the Ita¬ 
lian opera ; and he wrote a burlefque opera on the fubjeft 
of the Dragon of Wantley, and afterwards a fequel to it, 
intitled the Dragonefs ; both which were efteemed a true 
burlefque upon the Italian opera. He republifhed, in 
1740, all the fongs he had ever compofed, in a collec¬ 
tion, intitled, The Mufical Centuryand, in 1743, 
Dramatic Works, in a fmall 4to. volume. He is alfo au¬ 
thor of the loyal ballad of God fave great George our 
king, &c. With all his mirth and good-humour, Carey 
feems to have been deeply affefted with melancholy, which 
is fuppofed to have occaftoned his untimely end ; for, in 
1744, at his houfe in Cold-bath-fields, he put a period to 
a life, which, fays Sir John Hawkins, had been led with¬ 
out reproach. In all his fongs and poems oa wine, love, 
and fuch fubjedts, lie lias manifefled an inviolable regard 
for decency and good manners. His fon, George Saville Ca¬ 
rey, 
