*10 
CAR 
not from all the axillas, oppofite, Ihorter than the leaves, 
fpreading5 peduncles fubterminal, twin, three-flowered 
on equal pedicles; flowers like thole of jelamine. Native 
of the Eaft-Indies. Loureiro thus defcribes it as he found 
it wild upon the eaftern coaft of Africa. It is a i'mall tree 
about fix feet in height, with twilled dichotomous 
fpreading branches, armed with large llraight oppofite 
prickles, branched and dichotomous at the tip; leaves 
ovate, fharp at the end, quite entire, fmooth, oppofite, 
fubpetioled; flowers white, terminating, on few-flowered 
peduncles. The berry when ripe is black, and of a fweet 
acid flavour. Dr Roxburgh, in his magnificent Botany 
of the Coromandel Coaft, defcribes the fruit of this fhrub 
as univerfally eaten by the natives, and as highly grateful 
to the taffe even of an European. Juft before it is ripe, 
it is gathered to make conferves, and alio to pickle; for 
which ufes it is thought fuperior to every other fruit in. 
Hindoofian, not even the mango excepted. It is called 
kalaaka. by the Tamuls, and by the Englilh on the Coro¬ 
mandel Coaft.—See a correft figure of this fhrub on the 
annexed Engraving. 
a. Carifla fpinarum : leaves ovate-acute. A tree with 
branches firft trichotomous, then dichotomous, horizon¬ 
tal 5 fpines two at each ramification, oppofite, one above 
and another below the branch, very fpreading, an inch 
in length, ltout, round, red and fhining at the end, as in 
the firlt fpecies. Native of the Eaft-Indies and Japan. 
This being a dioecous plant, and differing totally in the 
generic characters, Loureiro has conftituted a new genus 
for this and another fpecies, under the name of Stigmarota, 
from the fhape of the ftigrna, radiated like a wheel. The 
generic characters are—I. Male. Calyx: perianthium bell- 
ihaped,. fpreading, four or five parted; fegments acute. 
Corolla; none. Stamina: filaments about thirty, longer 
than the calyx ; antherae roundifh.—II. Female. Calyx: 
perianthium wheel-fhaped, five or fix-parted; fegments 
acute. Corolla: none; neCtary lens-fhaped, five or fix- 
lobed. Piftillum: germ fuperior, roundifh; ftyle cylin- 
dfic, fhort; ltigma orbiculate, large, fix-parted. Pericar¬ 
dium: berry fubglobular, flefhy, one-celled, fix-feeded. 
Veeds ovate, comprefled, minute. —EJfeniial CharaEler 
Male. Calyx four or five-parteu; corolla none; llamina 
thirty. Female. Calyx five or fix-parted; corolla none ; 
ftigrna.wheel-fhaped, fix-cleft; berry flefhy, fix-feeded. 
Species. 1. Stigmarota Jangomas: Item arboreous, prick¬ 
ly ; peduncles many-flowered, fcattered. A middle-fized 
tree, with fpreading branches. The prickles on the Item 
of the male are long and branched; on the female tree, 
fhort, Ample, fcattered, and few; leaves ovate, acumi¬ 
nate, ferrate, incurved, fhining, iinall, fcattered, petioled. 
The flowers in both on many-flowered fcattered pedun¬ 
cles; berry brown-purple, eight lines in diameter, elcu- 
lent, fapid, fweet with a flight aftringency. Native of Co¬ 
chin-china, and cultivated there. Linnaeus’s defeription 
given above does not agree with Rumphius’s. 
2. Stigmarota Africana: ftem fhrubby, prickly; flowers 
folitary, terminating. Stem lhrubby, in tufts, fpreading, 
woody, fix feet high; leaves ovate, crenate, fmooth, al¬ 
ternate, petioled; prickles Ample, long, llraight; flowers 
terminating, folitary. The female flowers have fix or le- 
ven bifid ieflile Itigmas, placed in a ring. 
CARIS'SIMI (Giacomo), a Roman mufical compofer 
of the 17th century,, whole productions were not only the 
delight of his contemporaries, but are ftill fought and 
hoarded by the curious as precious relics. Me was, very 
early in life, appointed maell-ro di capella to the German 
college at Rome. Many of Cariflimi.’s works are prefer- 
ved in the Britifli Mufeum, and in Dr. Aldrich’s collec¬ 
tion at Chrift-church, Oxford. 
CARIS'TO, or Castel Rosso, a town of European 
Turkey, in the ifland of Negropont, the fee of a Greek 
bilhop, fuffragan of Negropont. It is fituated at the 
fouthern extremity of the ifland, forty five miles fouth- 
eaft of Negropont. 
CATI I'AS, /. The poculum caritatis, or grace -cup, was 
CAR 
an extraordinary allowance of wine or other liquors, where¬ 
in the religious at feltivals drank in commemoration of their 
founder and benefactors. 
CA'RITY, a river of Scotland, which runs into the 
Elk, in the country of Forfar. 
CA'RIUS, or Co'rius, a river of Alia; in Carmania, 
the mouth of which is placed by Ptolemy, near the Perfiam 
gulf. 
CA'RIUS, in mythology,.an epithet of Jupiter among 
the Milefians, probably appropriate to the worlhip of the 
Carians. 
CARIZ'MIANS, a hord of favages, inhabiting the 
fhore of the Cafpian Sea, which, in the year 124.3, after 
having been driven out by the Mogul Tartars, poured 
like a torrent into Syria, and furprifed and lacked the city 
of Jerufalem. 
CARK,/ [ceapc, Sax.] Care; anxiety; folicitudej. 
concern; heedtulnels. This word is now o&folde : 
He down did lay 
His heavy head, devoid of careful cark. Spenca v 
Forty tod of wool; the thirtieth part of a farplar. 
To CARK, v. n. [ceapcan, Sax.] To be careful; to be 
folicitous ; to be anxious. It is nozo-very little ufed, and al¬ 
ways in an ill fenfe. —What can be vainer, than to laviih 
out our lives in the fearch of trifles, and to lie earning for 
the unprofitable goods of this world,?. L'EJlrangc. 
CAR'KANET. See Carcanet. 
CARL GUSTAVAD'ST, or Eschilstu'na, a town 
of Sweden, in the province of Sudermania:.fifty-four miles 
weft of Stockholm. 
CARLA'T (Le), a town of France, in the department 
of the Arriege, and chief place of a canton, in the diltricl 
of Mirepoix: twenty-two miles north of Tarafcon. 
CARLA'T, a town of France, in the department of 
the Cantal: five miles fouth-eaft of Aurillac. 
CARLE,/ [ceopl, Sax.] A mean, rude, rough, brutal, 
man. We now ule churl. —The editor was a covetous 
carle, and would have his pearls of the highell price. 
Bentley.■ —A kind of hemp.—The finable to fpin, and the 
carle for her feed. TuJJer. 
CARLENTI'NI, a town of Sicily, in the valley of No- 
to, containing about 2000 inhabitants: two miles fouth of 
Lentini. 
CARLEPO'NT, a town of France, in the department 
the Oile, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrifl of. 
Noyon : four miles louth of Noyon. 
CAR'LIN, Carline, or Caroline, / A fmall filver 
coin, current in Naples and Sicily, equivalent to about 
four-pence Englifli, 
CARLI'NA, /. [from Carolus ; Charlemagne’s army 
being laid to be cured of the plague by the ule of the root.] 
The Carline Thistle; in botany, a genus of the clals 
fyngenelia, order polygamia tequalis, natural order of 
compound flowers; divifion of capitata;. The generic 
characters are—Calyx : common ventricofe; radiated, im¬ 
bricated ; lcales numerous, loofe, acute, of which the. 
interior ones are difpofed in a circle, very long, expand¬ 
ing, glolfy, coloured, radiating the compound flower. 
Corolla: compound, uniform, tubular. Corollets her¬ 
maphrodite, equal; the proper ones monopetalous, fun 
nel-form; tube Header; border rive-cleft. Stamina 
filaments five, capillary, very lhort; anthera: cylindric, 
tubular. Piftillum ; germ lhort; ftyle filiform, length of 
the itamens; Itigma oblong, bifid or entire. Pericarpium :■ 
none ; calyx remaining unchanged. Seed : lolitary, forne- 
what rounded; down pliynoie, branched, Ieflile. Re 
ceptacle: flat; chalfs ternate, cleft.— EJJential Character 
Calyx radiated, with long coloured margmal-lcales. 
Species, t. Carlina acaulis, orlow carline thiftle: ftem 
one-ilowered, ihorter than the flower. Root an inch 
thick, black, woody, having an acrid penetrating fimell, 
and a bitter aromatic tafte. Clofie to the ground is a circle 
of pinnated fmooth leaves: ftem (or rather peduncle) 
leafy, though lcajce exceeding an inch and a half in height; 
flower 
