812 
CAR CAR 
meads, wafhed by the Eden, and part-of it is infulated by 
a divilion of the river. This plot is enriched by two fine 
done bridges, one of four, the other of nine, arches, the 
great paflage towards Scotland. Carlifle, from its lituation 
on the confines of the two kingdoms, often felt the cala¬ 
mities of war. It was burnt by the Scots in the reign of 
Henry III. and twice by accident in that of Edward I. In 
the reign of Edward II. it was burnt by Robert Bruce ; 
and the governor, Andrew Harola, who was earl of Car¬ 
lifle, joining with Bruce, was arreded in the cadle, and 
hanged there. It fullered very feverely in the civil wars 
between the houfes of York and Lancafter. It was taken 
by the parliament-forces under Lefley; and in 17+5 it 
was feized by the rebels. There are in this city two 
churches, St. Mary’s and St. Cuthbert’s. St. Mary’s, 
the cathedral, is a venerable building, partly in the ori¬ 
ginal gothic and partly in the Norman gothic ftyle. 
It is the fee of a bilhop, fuffragan of the archbifhop of 
York; the diocefe contains the greateft part of the coun¬ 
ties of Cumberland and Wedmoreland, in which are only 
93 parifhes ; and of thefe, 18 are impropriations. The fee 
is valued in the king’s books at 530I. 4s. n^-d. but is 
computed to be worth annually 2800I. The clergy’s tenth 
amounts only to 161I. is. y^d. To this cathedral belong a 
bifhop, a dean, a chancellor, an archdeacon, four preben¬ 
daries, eight minor canons, and other inferior officers and 
fervants. The principal manufactures in Carlille are 
cotton-yarn, cotton and linen checks, grey cottons, Of- 
naburghs, coarl'e linen, drills, pocketing, worfted-ihag, 
filk and cotton fancy-pieces, llamped cottons, hats, 
chamois and tanned leather, linfeys, nails, knives, dock¬ 
ings, drefled flax, foap, candles, nankeens, and ropes. 
The number of inhabitants is computed to be between 
eight and nine thou fan d; there are two markets weekly, 
Wednefdays and Saturdays; and two fairs, one Augult 
26, the other three weeks after. The town-feffions are 
held four times a-year, and the affizes for the county once 
a-year. The public inditutions in this city are, a free- 
fchool, well endowed, for the benefit of the children of 
freemen; Sunday-fchools; an infirmary for the benefit of 
the poor; and a general workhoufe. Carlifle, being a 
great thoroughfare to Scotland and Ireland, by the way of 
Portpatrick, is perpetually vifited by drangers. Near the 
city walls adjoining to the Friary, an arched vault was 
difcovered in October 1793, the dimenfions of which 
were found to be twenty-four feet in length, the height 
fourteen, and the breadth twelve feet and a half. It is 
fuppofed to be the human vault mentioned in William of 
Malmefbury’s Chronicle, and for which Camden fearched 
in vain. Several bones and pieces of curious pottery have 
been taken out. 
Whillt lome men were employed in April 1808, in digging 
a cellar in Fidier-dreet, Carlifle, they difcovered, feveral 
feet below the furface, the handle of a Roman vafe made 
-of done, highly ornamented, and a firnall hand-mill, both 
of Roman origin. Thefe remains of antiquity were found 
beneath two didinff pavements, which the workmen had 
difcovered in excavating the earth. Pieces of pavement 
have been frequently found at the depth of ten or eighteen 
feet, under many parts of that city; which prove beyond^ 
doubt the frequent devadations, during the incurfions of 
the Pifts and Danes, before it was built in its prelent form 
by king William Rufus. The ground in Fifher-drect 
is much below the level of any other part of the town, 
vet it is confiderably higher than the ground without the 
city walls. A little below theTurface, about twenty years 
ago, were difcovered, at the lower end of this dreet, a 
mod valuable colleftion of diver Roman coins, in a high date 
of preservation, which were bought up immediately by an 
tiquaries,and are nowdepolitedin the collections of the cu¬ 
rious. They were principally coins of Adrian and Trajan; 
CARLI'SLE, a town of the United American States, in 
Cumberland county, Pennlylvania; on the poft-road from 
Philadelphia to Pittfburgh: 125 miles wed by north from 
the former, and 178 ead from the latter, and 18 fouth-vveft 
from Harrifburgli. The town contains about 1500 inha¬ 
bitants; the public buildings are a college, court-houfe, 
and gaol, and four edifices for public worfhip. Dick.infon 
college, named after the celebrated John Dickinfon, 
author of feveral valuable tracts, has a principal, three 
profefibrs, a philofophical apparatus, and a library contain¬ 
ing near 3000 volumes. About forty years ago, this fpot 
was inhabited by Indians and wild beads. 
CARLI'SLE BAY, a bay on the wed fide of the ifiand 
of Barbadoes, in the Wed Indies, Situated between James 
and Charles forts, on which dands Bridgetown, the ca¬ 
pital of the Idand. 
CARLI'SLE BAY, a bay on the fouth coad of the 
idand of Jamaica. Lat. 17. 47. N. Ion. 77. 6. W. Greenwich. 
CARLI'SLE BAY, a bay of the idand of Antigua: 
three miles wed of Falmouth. 
CARLI'SLE’s LAGOO'N, a bay on the north coad of 
the idand of Egmont, or New Guernfey, in the Southern 
Pacific Ocean, between Howe’s Point and Portland’s Idand. 
Lat. 10. 42. S. Ion. 164. 16. E. Greenwich. 
CAR'LOCK, J. An ifinglafs, made with the durgeon’s 
bladder, imported from Archangel. The chief ufe of it 
is for clarifying wine, but it is alfo ufed by the dyers. 
The bed carlock comes from Adracan, where a great 
quantity of durgeon is caught. 
CAR'LOMAN, the name of three of the early kings 
of France. See the article, vol. vii. 
CARLO'NE (John), a painter of Genoa, born in 1590, 
died at Milan in 1630, at the age of 40, excelled in the 
art of forediortening. Every thing that came from his 
pencil was great, drong, and correfh The ceiling of the 
Annonciada at Genoa, reprefenting thehidoryof the vir¬ 
gin, is his mod celebrated piece..—John-Baptid, his bro¬ 
ther, finifhed thofe works which he left imperfect. This 
family has produced feveral other painters and fculptors. 
CAR'LOS, a fort on the north coad of Terra Firma, 
on an idand which commands the channel, between the 
gulf of Venezuela and that of Maracaybo on the fouth, little 
more than twenty miles north from the town of Maracaybo. 
CAR'LOS, a town of Veragua, in New Spain, 45 miles 
fouth-wed of Santa Fe. It Hands on a large bay, having 
a number of finall and defert idands before its mouth. Lat. 
7. 40. N. Ion. 82. 10. W. Greenwich. 
CARLO'SA, a town in the interior part of Brafil, in 
the 15th degree of fouth latitude, on the fouth-eaif fide 
of St. Francis river, and north by wed from Villa Nova. 
CAR'LOSTAD, See Carlstad. 
CAR'l.OT, J. [from cark.] A churl: 
He hath bought the cottage, and the bounds, 
That the old carlot once was mailer of. Shakefpe&rc. 
CARLOT'TA, a douridiing town of Spain, in the pro¬ 
vince of Andalulia, built in 1769 for German and Ita¬ 
lian emigrants: fifteen miles fouth of Cordova. 
CARLOVIN'GIANS, the title by which the French 
kings of the fecond race have been didinguilhed, and 
which was fird derived from Charles Martel, and com • 
menced with his fon Pepin in 752, and terminated with 
Louis V. in 987. See the article France, vol. vii. 
CAR'LOW, or Catherlow, a county of Ireland, 
bounded on the north by Queen’s County, Kildare, and 
Wicklow, on the fouth-ealt by the county of Wexford, 
on the fouth-wed and weft by the county of Kilkenny: 
twenty-fix miles long, and twenty-three in its greated 
breadth. It contains 214 fquare miles, and 220,098 Eng- 
liffi acres, and fifty parifhes, with 8763 houfes, and 44,000 
inhabitants. The principal towms are Carlow, Leighlin- 
bridge, and Tullow; three members are returned to the 
parliament, viz. two for the county, and one for the town 
of Carlow. 
CAR'LOW, a town of Ireland, in the county of Car- 
low, to which it gives name, on the ead fide of the river 
Barro: fixteen miles north-north-eaft of Kilkenny, and 
thirty-four wed-fouth-wed of Wicklow. Lat. 52 50. N, 
Ion. 6. 58. W. Greenwich. 
CAR'LOWITZ, 
