S22 CAR 
ffate. Since the revolution there have been no difputes be¬ 
tween different religious fedts ; the upper parts of this (late 
are fettled chiefly by Prefbyterians, Baptifts, and Metho- 
diffs. From the mod probable calculations, it is fuppofed 
that the religious denominations of this ffate, as to num¬ 
bers, maybe i anked as follows: Prefbytei ians, including the 
congregational and independent churches, Episcopalian's, 
Baptifls, Methodifts, &c. The amount of exports from 
the port of Charleffown, in the year ending November 
1787, was eftimated, from authentic documents, at 505,279b 
19s. 5d. fterling money. The number of veffels cleared 
from the cuftom-houfe the fame year, was 947, nteafuring 
62,118 tons; 735 of tliefe, nteafuring 41,531 tons, were 
Americans; the others belonged to Great Britain, Spain, 
France, the united Netherlands, and Ireland. The prin¬ 
cipal articles exported front this ffate, are rice, indigo, to¬ 
bacco, fkins of various kinds, beef, pork, cotton, pitch, 
tar, refln, turpentine, myrtle, wax, lumber, naval (tores, 
cork, leather, pink-root, friake-root, ginfeng, Sec. in the 
ntoft fuccefsful feafons, there have been 140,000 barrels of 
rice, and 1,300,000 pounds of indigo, exported in a year. 
From the 15th of December 1791, to September 1792, 
108,567 tierces of rice, averaging 5501b. nett weight each, 
were exported front Charleffown. In the year ending 
September 30, 1791, the amount of exports from this 
ffate was 2,693,267 dolls. 97 cents, and the year ending 
September, 1795, 5,998,492 dolls. 49 cents. Charlef- 
tovvn is by far the ntoft confiderable city on the fea-coaft, 
for an extent of 600 miles ; from it are annually exported 
about the.value of two millions and a half of dollars, in 
native commodities ; and it fupplies, with imported goods, 
a great part of the inhabitants of North Carolina and 
Georgia, as well as thole of. South Carolina. The har¬ 
bour is open all the winter, and its contiguity to the Weft- 
Jndia iflands gives the merchants fuperior advantages for 
carrying on a peculiarly lucrative commerce. The re¬ 
formation in France occaffoned a civil war between the 
Proteftant and Catholic parties in that kingdom. During 
thefe domeftic troubles, Jafper de Coligni, a principal 
commander of the Proteftant army, fitted out two fftips, 
and lent them with a colony to America, under the com¬ 
mand of Jean Riband, for the pnrpofe of fecuring a re¬ 
treat from perfecution. Riband landed at what is now 
called Albemarle river in North Carolina. This co¬ 
lony, after enduring incredible hardfhips, were extir¬ 
pated by the Spaniards. No further attempts were made 
to plant a colony in this quarter, till by the Englift), in 
the reign of Charles II. See the article America. 
C ARO LI'NA (Wilhelmina Dorothea), con fort of George 
II. crowned queen of Great-Britain, with his majefty, Oc¬ 
tober 11, 1727. She was the daughter of John Frederic 
marquis of Brandenburg-Anfpacii ; was married to his 
majefty at Hanover, Auguft 22, 1705; and died Novem¬ 
ber 20, 1737, aged fifty-five years and eight months. See 
the articles England and Heraldry. 
The honourable Horace Walpole, earl of Orford, in the 
elegant edition of his works lately publifhed, has given 
tlie following biographical (ketches of this illuftrious priu- 
cefs: “ Queen Caroline was laid to have been very hand- 
fome at her marriage, foon after which (lie had the fmall- 
pox ; but was little marked by it, and retained a mod 
plealing countenance: it was full of majefty or mildnefs 
as (he pleafed, and her penetrating eyes expreff'ed what¬ 
ever fne had a mind they fhould. Her voice too was cap¬ 
tivating, and her hands beautifully fmall, plump, and 
graceful. Her underftaiiding was uncommonly ftrong; 
and fo was her refolution. From their earlieft connection 
(he had determined to govern the king, and deferved to 
do fo ; for her fubmiflion to his will was unbounded, her 
fenfe much fuperior, and his, honour and intereft always, 
took place of her own : fo that her love of power, that 
was predominant, was dearly bought, and rarely ill em¬ 
ployed. She was ambitious too of fame; but, (hackled by 
her devotion to the king, (lie feldom could purfue that 
object. She wifired to be a patronefs of learned men ; but 
3 
CAR 
George had no refpeft for them or their works; and her 
majefty’s own tafte was not very exquifite, nor did he al¬ 
low her time to cultivate any (Indies. Her generofity 
would have difplayed itfelf, for (lie valued money but as 
the inftrument of her good purpofes : but lie (tinted her a- 
lilce in alnsoft all herpaffions ; and, though (lie wiflied for 
nothing more than to be liberal, (lie bore the imputation 
of his avarice, as (lie did of others of his faults. Often when 
(lie had made prudent-and proper protniles o( preferment, 
and could not perfuade the king to comply, (lie fufrered 
the breach of the word to fall on herfelt, rather than re¬ 
flect 011 him.' Though his affeftion and confidence in her 
were implicit, he lived in dread of being fuppofed to be 
governed by her; and that filly parade was extended even 
to the mod private moments of bufinefs with my father : 
whenever he entered, the queen role, curtfied, and-retired, 
or offered to retire. Sometimes the king condefcended to 
bid her flay ; on both occafions (lie and Sir Robert bad 
previoufly fettled the bufinefs to be dilcuffed, Sometimes 
the king would quafh the propofal in qneftion ; and yield 
after re-talking it over with her : but then lie boafted to 
Sir Robert that he himfelf had better confidered it. One 
of the queen’s delights was the improvement of the gar¬ 
den at Richmond ; and the king believed (lie paid for all 
with her own money; nor would he ever look at her in¬ 
tended plans, faying, lie did not care how (he filing away 
her own revenue. He little fufpeCtecl the aids Sir Robert 
furniffied to her from the trealury. When (he died, (he 
was indebted twenty thoufands to the king. 
“ Her learning, 1 have faid, was ftiperficial ; her know¬ 
ledge of languages as little accurate. The king, with a 
bluff Weftplialian accent, fpoke Englifli correitly. The 
queen’s chief ftudy was divinity ; and (lie had rather weak¬ 
ened her faith than enlightened it. She was at lead not 
orthodox ; and her confidante, lady Sundon, an abfurd 
and pompous fimpleton, fwayed her countenance towards 
the lefs believing clergy. The queen, however, was fo 
fincere at her death, that, when archbiftiop Potter was to 
adminifter the facrament to her, (lie declined taking it, 
very few perfons being in the room. When the prelate 
retired, the courtiers in the anti-room crowded round him, 
crying, “ My lord, has the queen received ?” His grace 
artfully eluded the queftion, only faying moft devoutly, 
“ Her majefty was in a heavenly difpolition,” and the truth 
efcaped the public. She fuffered more unjuftly by declin¬ 
ing to fee her fon the prince of Wales, to whom (lie fent 
her bleffing and forgivenefs ; but conceiving the extreme 
diftrefs it would lay 011 the king, fliould he tints be forced 
to forgive fo impenitent a fon, or to banifti him again if 
once recalled, (he heroically preferred a meritorious huff, 
band to a worthlefs child. 
“ The queen’s greateft error was too high an opinion of 
her own addrefs and art : (lie imagined that all who did 
not dare to contradift her were impofed upon; and die 
had the additional weaknefs of thinking that (he could play 
off many perfons without being difeovered. That miftaken 
humour, and at other times her hazarding very offenfive 
truths, made her many enemies : and her duplicity in fo¬ 
menting jealoulies between the minifters, that each might 
be more dependent on herfelf, was no found wifdom. It 
was the queen who blew into a flame the ill blood between 
Sir Robert Walpole and his broth«r-in-law lord Townf- 
hend. Yet, though (lie difliked fome of the cabinet, (he 
never let her own prejudices difturb the king’s affairs, pro¬ 
vided the obnoxious paid no court to the miftrefs. Lord 
Ilay was the only man, who, by managing Scotland for 
Sir Robert Walpole, was maintained by him in fpite of 
his attachment to lady Suffolk. The queen’s great fecret 
w'as her own rupture, which till her laft illnefs nobody 
knew but the king, her German nurfe Mrs. Mailborne, 
and one other perfon. To prevent all fufpicion, her ma¬ 
jefty would frequently (land fome minutes in her fluff talk¬ 
ing to her ladies. While the queen dreffed, prayers fifed 
to be read in the outward room, where hung a naked Ve¬ 
nus. Mrs. Selvvyn, .bedchamber-woman in waiting, was 
one 
