CAS 
864 
returned to Lyons in May 1600, to haden the imprefTIon 
of his Athcnaus, which was printing there, lie unluckily 
incurred the difpleafure of his great friend M. de Vicq, 
(who had all along entertained him and his whole family 
in his houfe when they were in that city,) by refuting to 
accompany him into SwifTerland. Cafaubon was afraid of 
lofing, in the mean time, the place of library-keeper to 
the French king, of which he had a promife, and which, 
from the librarian’s illnefs, was likely to become vacant. 
Returning to Paris, Henry IV. augmented his penfion 
with 200 crowns; and, in the end of 1603, he came into 
poffeflion of the place of the king’s library-keeper, va¬ 
cant by t he death of Gotfelin. He wrote, in 1607, on oc- 
cafion of the famous difpute between pope Paul V. and 
the republic of Venice, a Treatife de Libertate Ecclcji- 
ajfica, containing a Vindication of the Rights of Sove¬ 
reigns againd the Encroachments of the Church of Rome : 
but, thofe differences being adjufted while the book was 
printing, the king caufed it to be fuppreffed. However, 
Cafaubon having tent the theets as they were printed to 
tome of his friends, a few copies were by that means pre¬ 
ferred. In 16xo, he received a very fenfible (hock, by 
the murder of Henry IV. which deprived him of all hopes 
of keeping his place of librarian. The lofs of the king, 
his patron and protestor, made him refolve to come over 
to England, whither he had often been invited by James 
I. He arrived in this country in October 1610. The 
king took great pleafure in converfing with him, admit¬ 
ted him fcveral times to his own table, and made him a 
prefent of J50I. to enable him to vifit the univerfities of 
Oxford and Cambridge. January 3, 1611, Cafaubon was 
made a denizen ; and on the 19th, the king granted him 
a penfion of 300I. as alfo two prebends, one at Canter¬ 
bury, the other at Wedminder. Cafaubon did not long 
enjoy tliefe great advantages ; for an uncommon diforder, 
occafioned by his having a double bladder, cut him off 
July 1, 1614, in the 35th year of his age. He was buried 
in Wefiminfler-abbey, where there is a monument ereCted 
to his memory. He had twenty children by his wife. 
;CASAU'BON (Meric), foil of the preceding, born 
at Geneva in 1599. He was bred at Oxford, and took 
the degree of matter of arcs in 1621. The fame year he 
publiffied a book in defence of his father againft the ca¬ 
lumnies of certain Roman catholics; which gained him 
the favour of James I. and a considerable reputation 
abroad. He was made prebendary of Canterbury by arch- 
bifliop Laud. In the beginning of the civil war he 
loft all his fpiritual promotions, but (till continued to 
publifh excellent works. Oliver Cromwell, then lieu¬ 
tenant-general of the parliament-forces, would have em¬ 
ployed his pen in writing the hitlory of the war ; but he 
declined it, owning that his fuhjeCt would oblige him to 
make fitch reflections as would be ungrateful, if not in¬ 
jurious, to Cromwell. Notwithdanding this anfwer, 
Cromwell, fenfible of his worth, ordered 400I. to be paid 
him by a bookfeller of London, whole name was Crom¬ 
well, without requiring from him any acknowledgment 
to his benefactor. But this offer he rejedted, though his 
circumftances were far from affluent. At the fame time 
it was propofed by his friend Mr. Greaves, who was li¬ 
brarian at St. James’s, that, if Cafaubon would gratify 
Cromwell in the requeft above-mentioned, all his father’s 
books, which were then in the royal library, having been 
purchaled by king James, fnould be redored to him, and 
a penfion of 300I. a-year paid to the family as long as the 
youngeft foil of Dr. Cafaubon (hould live; but this alfo 
wasrefufed. At the redoration, he recovered all his 
preferments, and continued writing till hisdeath in 1671. 
He was the author of an Englifh tranllation of Marcus 
Aurelius Antoninus’s Meditations, and of Lucius Florus; 
editions of fcveral of the claffics, with notes; a Treatife 
ot Uie and Cuftom ; a Treatife of Enthufiafm : with ma¬ 
ny other works; and left a number of manuferipts to the 
niverlity of Oxford. 
CASAVO'LI, a town of Italy, in tile kingdom of Na- 
C A S 
pies, and province of Bari: fourteen miles fouth-wed of 
Monopoli. 
CAS'BA, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of Tunis, 
once a Roman colony, fituated on a large fertile plain, 
about thirty miles font!) of Tunis. 
CAS'BIN, or Kas'win, a city of Perfia, in the pro¬ 
vince of Irak Agemi, fituated in a vad fandy plain, three 
leagues wed from the highed branch of Mount Tauris. 
It was once two leagues in circumference, and contained 
12,000 houfes, but from the civil wars of the country it 
was fo reduced thatMr.Hanway counted no more thaniooo. 
The beautiful palaces are in ruins,the wallsare dedroyed, 
and it has neither forts nor garrifon to defend it. The 
fituation is advantageous, in many refpedts, for commerce, 
beingopen to Georgia, Adirbeitzan, and the Cafpian Sea. 
Inthe neighbourhood are found yellow or pi men t, and cop¬ 
per ore. Among other fruits, the inhabitants cultivate 
a fpecies of grapes which are tranfparent: they make a 
very drong wine of fome, and others, dried by the fun, are 
fent to all the provinces of the country. It is 240 miles 
north-north-wefcof Ifaphan, and i8ofouth-ead of Tauris. 
Lat. 36.20. N. Ion. 49.26. E. Ferro. 
CASBUO'NA, a town of Italy, in the province of Ca¬ 
labria CitTa : five miles wed of Strongoli. 
CAS'CABEL,/’. The knob or button of metal behind 
the breech of a cannon, as a kind of handle by which to 
elevate and direCt the piece ; to which fome add the fillet 
and ogees as far as the bafe-ring. 
CASCA'DE,/. [ cafcade , Fr. cafcala, Ital. from cafcare , 
to fall. ] A cataract; a water-fall : 
Rivers diverted from their native courfe, 
And bound with chains of artificial force, 
From large cafcades in pleating tumult roll’d, 
Or rofe through figur’d done, or breathing gold. Pope. 
Cafcades are either natural, as thofe at Tivoli, Pidil 
Rhaiadr in North Wales; or artificial, as thofe of Ver- 
faillesjVelino, 8c c. and either falling with a gentle defeent, 
as thole of Sceaux ; or in form of a bullet, as at T rianon ; 
or down deps, in form of a perron, as at St. Cloud ; or 
from bafon to bafon, as in various parts of Alia. A na¬ 
tural cafcade, falling from immenfe heights, and through 
channels formed by the waters alone, either overrocks, or 
down the bed of a river, is more properly called a Cata¬ 
ract. Artificial cafcades, properly fpeaking, are thofe 
which are made round noblemen’s feats, and in pleafure- 
grounds, as at Chatfworth in Derbyfliire, Sc c. 
CASCA'DE BAY,acreek inDufky Bay, onthe fouth 
coad of New Zealand, large enough for a fleet of fliips, 
with a paffage on each fide of an ifland, fituated at its en¬ 
trance. A (harp rock lies near the fouth-ead coad, a little 
above the ifland. 
CASCA'DE POINT, a cape on the weflern coad of 
New Zealand, in the South Pacific Ocean. Lat. 44.5. S. 
Ion. 189.4. E. Greenwich. 
CASCA'ES, a lea-port town of Portugal, on the north 
fide ot the mouth of the Tagus : five leagues wed of Lif- 
bon. Lat. 38.44. N. Ion. 9.13. E. Ferro. 
CAS'C AN,/.' in fortification a hole dug in the ground. 
A form ot a well intended to give vent to the mines of 
an enemy. 
CASCAN'TE, a town of Spain, in Navarre: two 
leagues from Tudella. 
CASC A RI L'LA, /. in botany. See Croton. 
CASCHAU', or Casso'via. See Cassovia. 
CAS'CHI, the furname of Kemalleddin Abulganem 
Abdalrazzak Ben Yemalleddin,a famous Arabian doctor, 
clalfed by Yafei among the Muffelmen faints. He is au¬ 
thor ot i'evernl works, and among them one intitled, EJl- 
helakah al Svfiak, of the Practices and Mode of Speaking 
of the Soplus.or Monks of the Muffulmans, of whom he 
was one ot the chief. That which bears the title of Me- 
nazel al Sairin, the Lodgings for Travellers, is another 
Ipiritual book of the fame author. ’Tavilat al Koran al 
HAkim , Commentaries on the Koran, are like wife by him. 
