882 CAS 
CAS'TEL UBAL'DO, a town of Afiaiic Turkey, in 
the province of Caramania: two miles fouth-weft Alameh. 
CASTELAN'ZA, a town of. Italy, in the duchy of 
Milan : fourteen miles north-weft of Milan. 
CASTELAU'N, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
the Upper Rhine, and county of Sponheim, the chief 
place of a bailiwick : twenty-two miles fouth fouth-weft 
of Coblentz, and twenty-fix north-weft of Creutznach. 
CASTELBONIFA'CIO, a town of European Turkey, 
in the ifland of Candia: twelve miles fouth-fouth-weft of 
Candia. 
CAS'TELHOLM, a town of Sweden, in the ifland of 
Aland. 
CAS'TELL (Edmund), : a learned divine of the feven- 
teenth century, who deferves to be recorded as a remark¬ 
able example of.literary generofity, joined to literary in- 
duftry, was born, in 1606, at Hatley in Cambridgefhire. 
After going through a courfe of grammatical education, 
he became a member, in 1621, of Emanuel college, Cam¬ 
bridge, where he continued many years. Afterwards, he 
removed to St. John’s college, and took the feveral de¬ 
grees of B. and M. A. and of B. and D. D. and the 
fame of Iris learning occafioned his being chofen-F. R. S. 
His celebrated Lexicon heptagiotton coif him theafliduous 
labour of feventeen years. The unwearied diligence 
which lie employed in this undertaking injured his health, 
and impaired his conftitution. Befidesthis, the work was 
the entire ruin of his fortune, for he fpent upon it up¬ 
wards of 12,000!. His ecclefiatiical preferments were, 
firft, the ftnall vicarage of Hatfield Peverell, in Eftex, and 
afterwards tlte redtory of Wodeham Walter, in the fame 
county; and in 1663 he became redtor of Highatn Go- 
bion, in Bedfordfltire. The dodfor, in 1666, liaving 
wafted his patrimony, and incurred heavy debts, was re¬ 
duced to extreme diftrefs ; when, probably in conlidera- 
tion of his learned labours, and difinterefted generofity, the 
royal favour began to fmile upon him. In that year, he 
was appointed king’s chaplain and Arabic profeftor at 
Cambridge ; and in 1668 he was made a.prebend of Can¬ 
terbury. In tlte next year he publiftied his Lexicon hep¬ 
tagiotton ; but tlte publication procured hint no compen- 
r'atioB for his large expences and his indefatigable diligence. 
The copies of the book lay almoft entirely unfold upon his 
hands. In 1673 he told a friend, “he had at leaft ioco 
copies left; and found, none that regarded the work or 
author, of thofe that once fed him with better promifes.” 
Dr. Caftell’s induftry and liberality were not. confined 
to his lexicon. He was eminently affiltant to Dr. Walton, 
in the celebrated edition of the Polyglott bible. He died 
at Higham Gobion, in 1685, being about feventy-nine 
years of age. His oriental manuferipts, thirty-eight in 
number, nineteen in Hebrew, thirteen in Arabic, and fix 
in Ethiopic, to all which the effigies of the doTor were 
affixed, and bis name inferibed on them, were bequeathed 
by him to the public library of the univerfity ot Canir 
bridge. To Emanuel college in the fame univerfity, lie 
bequeathed in printed books ; and to Dr. Henry Comp¬ 
ton, bifhop of London, 100 copies of the heptaglott Lexi¬ 
con, with all his bibles and other oriental parts of holy 
feripture, in number fifty-two. The reft of his books were 
fold by auction at Cambridge in June, 16S0. It is fup- 
pofed that about 500 of his lexicons were unfold at the 
time of his death. Thefe were placed by Mrs. Crifp, Dr. 
Caftell’s niece and executrix, in a room of one of her te¬ 
nants, in Surrey, where for many years they lay at tlte 
mercy of the rats, who made fuch havooamong them,-that 
when they came into pofteflion of this lady’s executors, 
fcarcely one complete volume could be formed out of the 
remainder, and the whole load of learned rags fold only 
for 7I. Dr. Caftell was buried in the church of Higham 
Gobion, where, in his life- time, he erected a monument 
to himfelf. 
CAS'TELL (county of), a principality of Germany, in 
the circle of Franconia, lituated between the bifliopric ot 
Wurzburg, the principality of Anhalt, the lord ft ip oi. 
CAS 
Limburg, and the county of Schwarzenburg: it owes its 
name to an ancient caftle, deftroyed by the peafants in 1527. 
CASTELLAIN', f [ caftellanus, Lat.J The lord, own¬ 
er, or captain, of a caftle, and fometimes the conftable of a- 
fortified houfe. Brail, lib. 5. trail. 2. cap. 16 3 Ed. I. 
cap. 7. It hath likewife been taken for him that hath tlie 
cuftody of one of the king’s mauflon-houfes, called bv the 
Lombards curtes, in Englilli courts ; though they are not 
caftles or places of defence, 2/»)?. 31. And Manwood,. 
in his Foreft Laws, fays, there is an officer of the foreft 
called cajldlanus. 
CASTELLA'NE, a town of France, and principal 
place of a diftrief, in the department of the Lower Alps, 
lituated at the foot of a mountain, on the river Verdon, in 
a pleafant and .fertile fpot: twelve leagues w'eft of Nice,, 
arid fix and a half fouth-eaft of Digne. 
CASTELLANET'T A, a town of Italy, in the king¬ 
dom of Naples, and country of Otranto, the fee of a bi¬ 
fhop, fufltragan of Tarento : eighteen miles eaft-fouthv- 
eaft of Matera. 
CASTELLA'NO, a town of Italy, in tlte kingdom of 
Naples, and province of Bari eight miles lbuth-weft of- 
Monopoli. 
CASTELLA'NO, a town of Laly, in the Veronefe, be¬ 
longing to the ftatc of Venice : fixteen miles fouth-weft- 
of Verona. 
CAS'TELLANY,./! [from cajlel.~\ The lordrhip be¬ 
longing to a caftle ; the extent of its land and jurildiCtion. 
Phillips. 
CASTELLA'RO, a town of Italy, in tire duchy of 
Mantua, ten miles eaft of Mantua. In 1796, great part of 
the French republican army was furrounded here by the 
Atiftrians, and general Charton was-killed. 
CASTELLA'RO, a town of Italy, in the ftate of Ge¬ 
noa : eleven miles north-eaft of Vintimiglia. 
CAS'TELLATED, adj. Inclofed within-a building, as 
a.fountain or cajlellatcd. 
CASTELLEN'GO, a town of Italy, in the country of 
Verc.elli eight miles fouth-eaft of Biella. 
CASTEL'LI (Bernard), an Italian painter, born at Ge¬ 
noa in 1557 ; and excelled in colouring and in portraits. 
He was the intimate friend of Taflb, and took upon him 
the talk ordefigning and etching the figures of his Jeru- 
falem delivered. He died at Genoa in 1629. His foil, 
Valerio Caftelli, furpafted his father. He particularly ex¬ 
celled in painting battles ; which he compofed with fpirir, 
and executed with fo pleafing a variety, that they gained 
him univerfal applaitfe. Flis horfes are admirably drawn, 
in attitudes natural and becoming, and full of motion, ac¬ 
tion, and life. In that ftyle of painting he fhewed all the 
fire of Tintoretto, united with the fine tafte and Compofition 
of Paolo Veronefe. Fie diedi n 1639. The works of this 
mafter are not very frequent; but they are defervedly. held 
in very high efteem. 
CASTELLIER', a town of Germany, in the county 
of Tyrol : feven miles fouth-fouth eaft of Bolzano. 
CASTELLI'NA, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Par¬ 
ma ; twelve miles weft-north-weft of Parma. 
C ASTEL'LIO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Principato Citra : fixteen miles weft- 
fouth-weft of Policaftro. 
CASTEL'LO della ABBA'TE, a town of Italy, in 
the kingdom of Naples, and province of Principato Citra : 
twenty-nine miles fouth-weft of Cangiano. 
CASTEL'LO d’ALBO'RI, a town of Italy, in the 
kingdom of Naples, and province of Principato Ultra : ten 
miles north-eaft of Benevento. 
CASTEL'LO ARR AGONE'SE, a fea-port town of the 
ifland of Sardinia, the lee of a bifhop, fuffragan of Safiari :. 
eighteen miles north eaft of Safuiri. Lat. 40. 55. N. Ion. 
26. 32. E. Ferro. 
CASTEL'LO BIAN'CO, a town of Italy, in the ftate of 
Genoa : feven miles north of Albenga. 
CASTEL'LO di CHI A'RA, a town of Sardinia : for¬ 
ty-three miles north-eaft of Cagliari. 
CASTEL'LO. 
