3 cz B O T 
may be mo ft convenient, alternately changing the fidesiof 
the box to,.the fire, twice or thrice a day ; or, when con¬ 
venient, it may be put into an oven in a gentle heat. In 
two or three days the plants will be perfectly dry. The 
land fhould then be taken out with a common plate, and 
put into a fpare box, and the plants carefully taken out 
alfo, and removed to a fheet of writing-paper. 
This method of preferving plants is from much expe¬ 
rience found to poffefs every advantage that can be wiflied 
for; it dries mod of them of an exceeding fine natural and 
durable colour, as well in the flowers as leaves. It will 
be found upon trial, that a dilferent degree of heat is. fu St¬ 
able to different plants, the exact knowledge of which-will 
be eafily acquired by a little experience, and that fome 
wifi dry much better than others.' Thofe plants that have 
coloured flowers fhould be placed uppermolt, otherwife 
their colour will be injured by the flow diflipation of the 
moifture.from the others. Plants are moll fit for future 
examination when preferved loofe within the paper, and 
if they are kept in a very dry room and unexpofed to the 
air, they will preferve their beauty a great number of 
years; but it will be neceflary to infpeCI them once a year, 
to deflroy any of the i'mall mfeCfs that may breed among 
them, and this will be fully fufticient for their preferva- 
tion. In whatever method the plants are dried, thefe 
precautions are indifpenfable to their prefervation. They 
may be rnoft conveniently kept in a cabinet made for the 
purpofe, with' the drawers open in front, excepting- only 
a (hallow ledge at the bottom of each ; placing the fpe- 
cics of each genus together, and keeping each clafsfeparate. 
In the clafs Cryptogamia, a different management may be 
adopted with advantage, except in the Filices or ferns, 
and thefe may be dried and difpofed of, the fame as the 
plants of the other clashes; but the Mill’d or mo lies, .which 
conftitute the fecond order of the Cryptogamia clafs,- be¬ 
ing very numerous, and moflly very minute, may be kept 
in papers folded to the odtavo fize. It is fufficient to place 
them in the papers, and to give them-a moderate prelfure 
for a fliort time. They dry readily, and are not apt to fpoil. 
The prefervation of the Algae, or third order of this 
clafs, requires fome further directions. The Lichens re¬ 
quire no care in drying.; they fhould not even be prefled, 
or put into papers, but placed in (hallow .dole drawers 
which are divided into fmall partitions. The Confervae, 
and the finer leaved Fuci, cannot be advantageoufly laid 
down in the common way, but ihould be floated in a large 
(hallow difli of water, fo as to feparate and expand their 
delicate branches. A ft iff piece of writing-paper may 
then be made to Aide under them ; and with a little addrefs 
the paper may be drawn out of the water fo as to. bring 
out the plant upon it, in its beautiful and expanded (late. 
If the whole be then dried between blotting-papers, under 
a gentle preflbre, the plants will in general adhere to the 
w riting-paper fo as to preferve their form. The fea-weeds 
.muft all be foaked in large quantities of frefh water, fo as 
to extradf the fait before they are laid down to dry. If 
the collector has not time to examine,and lay them down 
while at the fea-fide, nothing more fhould be done to them, 
than allowing them to dry moderately in the open air, and 
tying them up loofely in flrong brown paper. They may 
thus be carried vyithout. injury to any diftance ; and, when 
macerated in freflV water, will expand as fully as before, 
fo as to admit of their being examined and preferved at 
lei fare. 
The Fungi, or fifngufles, are heft preferved in a pickle; 
for which Dr. Withering gives the following directions : 
Take two ounces of vitriol of copper reduced to powder ; 
pour upon it about a tea-cup of cold water, ftir them with 
a piece of flick, or quill, for about a minute, then pour 
off the water and throw it away. On the remaining vitriol 
pour a pint of boiling water; and, when the whole is dif- 
folved and grown cool, add to it half a pint of rectified 
fpirit of wine. Filtre it through paper ; keep it in a bot¬ 
tle clofely corked, and call it the -pickle . To eight pints 
of pure fpring-water, add a pint and a half of rectified 
A N Y. 
fpirit of wine. Keep this in corked bottles-, and call it 
the ftronger liquor. To eight pints more water, add one 
pint of fpirit of wine, and call it the weaker liquor. Be 
provided with a number of wide-mouthed glafs jars, of 
various fizes, capable of holding from two ounces to two 
pints ; all very well fitted with corks. 
Whatever fungus, whether agaric, or boletus, &c. 
you with to preferve, fhould be differed to lie upon your 
table as long as it can be trufted without danger of its de¬ 
caying, fo as to allow fome part of its moiflure to evapo¬ 
rate; the thick and flefhy plants fhould lie the longeft, but 
the deliquefeent ones, and thofe which are very thin and 
delicate, fhould be'put into p'ickle aimoft immediately af¬ 
ter they are gathered. Pour fome of the pickle into a fpare 
jar, and into this immerge the fpecimens to be preferved. 
The fpecimens fhould remain in the pickle from three hours 
to three days; according to their bulk and flefhinefs. Then 
remove each fpecimen into the jar in which in which it is 
to be kept, fuiting the fize of the jars to the fize of the 
fpecimens. If they are of the large, juicy, arid flefhy, 
kind, fill up the jar with the flronger liquor, but the wea¬ 
ker will fufliCe for the fmaller and thinner plants. Which¬ 
ever liquor be ufed, the jar muft be q.uite filled with it, 
and immediately corked very tight. Cover the cork and 
the top of the jar with Venice turpentine, by means of 
a painter’s brufh. In three or four days the turpentine 
will become nearly dry, and then tie a piece of wetted 
bladder very tight over the top of the jar. Thefe pre¬ 
cautions are neceflary to prevent the accefs of the air, and 
the evaporation of the liquor: becaufe, if either of thefe 
happen, the fpecimens will foon be fpoiled. The boleti 
are in general more difficultly preferved than the'agarics, 
and Inch of either as abound with a milky juice, are apt 
to foul the liquor, which muft then be changed. Mofles- 
and lichens may be preferved in great perfection, by this 
method of pickling. 
To a fuperficial and thoughtlefs mind, the ftudy of bo¬ 
tany and the inveftigation of plants may appear a light and' 
frivolous employment. But if we reflect on the great be¬ 
nefits derived from a due knowledge of the cultivation and 
properties of herbs and plants, as well on the fcore of fup- 
plying food for men and cattle, as for the extenfive pur¬ 
poses; of medicine, we (hall find few purfuits more preg¬ 
nant with intellectual improvement, or more conducive to 
the public good. The Saviour of Mankind defeended to 
the lifelefs emblems of feed fown, of the fig-tree, and of 
a fingle grain of muftard-feed, to enlighten our unde/fland- 
ings;. and if we with to improve by the parable, and ac¬ 
company Nature in this folitary yet pleafing walk, we (hall 
find in it an ipnocent and healthful amufement, leading us 
up to a devout reflection on the bounty and wifdom of Hina 
who gave us being. 
At the cortclulion of this treatife, it was intended to give 
a Gloffary of Botanical Terms; and alfo, an alphabetical 
lift of the Latin and En-glilh names of all the plants at 
prefent known. But as thefe terms have been already fo 
amply explaincd'in the courfe of this treatife; and as both 
thefe, and the Latin and Englifh names of all plants and 
vegetables, occur in their* alphabetical order in the body 
of the work, the editor conceives it would be filling up a 
number of pages for the mere purpofe of tautology, to 
enumerate them here. Thofe, however, who wifh fora 
vocabulary of botanical words, and a- lift of the Linnsean 
or generic titles of plants, with their common Englilh 
names, are recommended to profefl'or Martyri’s Language 
of Botany, and Forfyth’s Botanical Nomenclator. 
BO'TANY-BAY, a bay on the eaft coaft of New-Hol- 
land, fo called by captain Cook, from the great quantity 
of plants found there by Sir JoTeph Banks and doClor So- 
lander, in the year 1770. ft is capacious, fafe, and con¬ 
venient, and may be known by the land on the fea-coaft, 
which is nearly level, and of a moderate height; in gene¬ 
ral higher than it is farther inland, with deep rocky cliffs 
next the fea, which have the appearance of a long ifland 
clofe 
