B O U 
of jurifprudence for the Encyclopedic, beginning in the 
third volume. 
BOUCHER' (Francis), firft painter to Louis XV. He 
excelled in almolt every Ipecies, but efpecially in the light 
and agreeable. His infant Jeitis deeping, is finely coloured, 
and defigned .with a mod flowing contour. The Ihepherd 
alleep on the knees of his fhepherdefs, is a landfcape of 
Angular merit. Many of his landfcapes are peculiarly 
happy. His other mod noted pieces' are padorals for the 
manufactory of tapedry, at Beauvais; the mutes in the 
king’s library (vyith Vanloo and Natoire) ; the four feafons, 
in the figure of infants, for the ceiling of the council-room 
at Fontainbleau ; a hunt of tygers, &c. He was ufually 
ftyled the painter of the graces, and the Anacreon of paint¬ 
ing. He died in 1770. 
BOUCHET' (John), a French poet and hidorian, who 
■flouridied in the fixteeiith century. The mod confidera- 
ble of his writings are the Annals of Aquitaine, and lus 
Chapelet des Princes. 
BOUCHET',/. [French. J A fort of pear. 
BOUOLANS', a town of France, in the department of 
the Daubs, and chief place of a canton, in the didrift of 
Befancon: eight miles ead of Befancon. 
BOUC'NASCH, a town of Germany, in the duchy of 
Hoidein: five miles ead-north-ead of Rendfburg. 
BOUCOI'RAN, a town of France, in the department 
of the Gard, and chief place of a canton, in the didrift of 
Uzes: three leagues weft of Uzes. 
BOUCONVIL'LE, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Meufe, and chief place of a canton, in the 
didrift of St. Mihiel: two leagues ead of St. Mihiel. 
BOUD, f. An infeft which breeds in malt; called alfo 
a weevil. 
BOU'DEWINS (Michael), a phyfician, born at Ant¬ 
werp, where he required great reputation as a practitioner- 
He is the author of a work equally ufeful to divines and 
phyheians. He very judicioully treats of thofe cafes in the 
practice of medicine, that relate to the mind and con¬ 
fidence. The title of it is, Ventilabrum Medico-Theolp- 
gicum, Antwerp, 1666, quarto. Boudewins died at that 
place in 1681. 
BOUDOIR', or Pic de la Boudeuse, a name given 
by Bougainville to the ifland of Ofnabvuck, in the South 
Pacific Ocean. 
BOU'DRY, a town and chdtellany of Swiflerland, in the 
county of Neufchatel: four miles fouth-wed of Neufchatel. 
BOVE'E, a town of France, in the department of the 
Meufe, and chief place of a canton, in the didrift of Com- 
merey: five leagues fouth-ead of Bar-le-Duc. 
BOVEL'LES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Somme, and chief place of a canton, in the didrift of 
Amiens : two leagues weft-fouth-wed of Amiens. 
BO'VENDEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of the 
Upper Rhine, and principality of He He Rhinfels.: four 
miles north of Gottingen. 
BO VES, a town of France, in the department of the 
Somme, and chief place of a canton, in the didrift of 
Amiens: one league and a half fouth-ead of Amiens. 
BOUF.-XIE'RE (La), a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the 11 le and Vilaine, and chief place of a canton, 
in the didrift of Vitrp : ten miles north-ead of Rennes. 
BO'VEY-CO AL, / An inflammable foflile found in 
England, France, Italy, Swiflerland, Germany, Ireland, 
Sec. Its.colour is brown or brownilh black, and of a la¬ 
minar dmfture. It is compofed of wood, penetrated by 
petrol or bitumen; and frequently contains pyrites, alum, 
and vitriol. See Xylanthrax. 
EOUF'FLERS, a town of France, formerly called 
Cagni , in the department of the Oife : feven miles wed of 
Beauvais. 
BOU'FLERS (Lewis Francis, duke of), a peer and 
marfhal of France, was born in 1644. He didinguidied 
himlelf by his valour and conduct in feveral lieges and 
battles, and had the command of the right wing when the 
French were defeated at the famous battle of Malplaquet. 
BOV » ?s 7 
lie acquired great honour by defending Lille for near four 
months, againd the powerful army of the allies ; and when 
it was at length lurrendered to prince Eugene, I am very 
vain,' 1 faid he to Bonders, “ on having taken Lille ; but 
I (hould prefer the glory of having defended it like you.” 
During the liege, one of his Soldiers having proved to him 
that he could eallly kill prince Eugene, “ Your fortune is 
made,” returned Bonders, “ if you can take him prifonei; 
but you fliall be punilbed with the utmod Severity, if you 
make any bafe attempt on his life.” He died at Fontain- 
bleau, in 1711. Rap in records an anecdote too honour¬ 
able to the memory of this great man, to be palled over 
in dlence. King William, having taken Namur .in 1695, 
made Bonders prifoner, in violation of the articles that 
had juft been agreed on. Surprifed at fo unjufl a pro¬ 
ceeding, the marlhal, frefh from the glorious defence he 
had made, demanded the real'on of this perfidious treat¬ 
ment. He was anfwered, that it was by way of reprisals 
for the garrifons of Dixmude and of Deinfe, which the 
French had detained contrary to capitulation. “ If that 
be cafe, (laid Bquflers,) then my garrifon ought to be ar- 
reded, and not I.”—“Sir, (he, was anfwered,) you are 
valued at more than ten tkoufand men.” 
BOUFRAMONT', a town of France, in the depart^ 
ment of the Vofges, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 
trift of Neufchateau : two leagues South of Neufchateau. 
BOUGAINVII.'LE (M. D. F.) a native'of France, 
whom impartial poderity will delervedly rank high-in the 
lid of circumnavigators, his merits having been cotempo¬ 
rary with and almod equal to thofeof the judly-celebrated 
captain Cook. It is remarkable that thefe two great men, 
alike employed in exploring unknown latitudes, (hould 
both experience a violent and premature death. Bougain¬ 
ville was killed by the mob at Paris, Auguft 10, 1792. 
BOUG AINVIL'LE (John Peter de), born Dec. 1,1722, 
was educated with great care, and obtained the places mod 
flattering to literary men at Paris. He became penfionary 
and Secretary to the royal academy of inscriptions,. .mem¬ 
ber of the French academy and Tome other foreign focie- 
ties, cenlor-royal, keeper of the hall of antiquities at the 
Louvre, and one of the fecretaries in ordinary to the duke 
of Orleans. His extraordinary indudry.impaired Jris health ; 
fo that he was old before his time. He died at the chateau 
de Loches, June 22, 1763, at the-age of forty-one. His 
literary ambition, which is not the weakeft of ambitions, 
was the principal caufe of battening his death. He wrote, 
1. A Tranflation of the Anti-Lucretius of the Cardinal de 
Polignac, 2 vols. 8vo. 2. Parallel between the Expedition 
of Thamas Kouli Khan in the Indie's, and that of Alexan¬ 
der, a work of great learning and acknowledged merit. 
To BOUGF-, v. n. [bouge, Fr.J To lwell out. 
BOUGEANT' (William Hyacinth), a famous Jefuit, 
fil'd taught at Caen and Nevers, and afterwards fettled at 
the college of Louis the Great, where he employed him¬ 
lelf in writing feveral works ; the principal of which were, 
1. A Collection of Phyfical Obfervations, extracted from 
the bed Authors., 2. An Hi dory of the Wars and Nego¬ 
tiations which preceded the Treaty of Wedphalia. 3. l ive 
Female Doftor, a philosophical Amufemcnt on the Lan¬ 
guage of Beads, See. He died in 1743. 
BOUGH, J. Ibpg, Sax. tiie gh is mute.] An arm or 
large flioot of a tree, bigger than a branch, yet not always 
didinguidied from it: - 
’Twas all her joy the ripening 'fruits to tend, 
And fee the boughs with happy burdens bend. Pope. 
Green boughs anciently made part of the decoration of al¬ 
tars and temples, efpecially on fedival occalions. Oaken 
boughs were offered to Jupiter; .laurel, to Apollo; olive, 
to Minerva; myrtle, to Venus; ivy, to Bacchus; pine, to 
Pan; and cyprefs, to Pluto. 
BOUGHT)./- preter. and participle of to buy, which fee: 
The chief were thefe who not for empire fought, 
But with their blood their country’s Safety bought. Pope. 
BOUGHT/ 
