34^ BRA 
BRA'MA, f in ichthyology, the trivial name of a fpe- 
cies of cyprinus. See Cyprinus. 
BRA'MA, or Burma. See Ava. 
BRA'MAN T, a town of Savoy, in the county of Mau- 
rientie : twenty-one miles fouth of St. Jean de Maurienne. 
BRAMAN' 1 E d’Uri’.iko (Lazarus), a famous archi¬ 
tect, born at Cadel-Duranti, in the territory of Urbino, 
about the year 1+44. He at firft applied himfelf to paint¬ 
ing; but, botli his talents and tade being more ftrongly 
turned for architecture, he devoted himfelf to it with alto- 
nifhing lucceis. The convent Della Pace, which he built 
at Naples, having acquired him a confiderable reputation, 
Alexander VI. made him his architect. Julius II. made 
him afterwards fuperintendant of his buildings. It was by 
order of this pontiff that he executed the magnificent pro¬ 
ject of joining the Belvedere to the Vatican. Bramante 
perfuaded Julius to demolilh the church of St. Peter, in 
order to conffruCt one more magnificent, that fltould not 
have its equal in the world. The plan of this great maf- 
ter being adopted, the foundations were begun in 1506 of 
this new balilicuni, which was railed as far as the entabla¬ 
ture with incredible expedition: but he had not the fatis- 
hiction to fee his work completed, being prevented by 
death in 1514, at the age of leventy. He left the profe- 
cution of it to the famous Michael Angelo Buonaiota. 
Bramante, not lefs edimable for the qualities of his heart 
and mind titan for his furprifing talents, to his genius in 
architecture added a fade for nnilic and poetry. His works 
iri the latter department were printed at Milan, in 1756. 
BRAM'RKR, a (mail borough town in the county of 
Suffex, (ituated on the river Adur; it returns two mem¬ 
bers to parliament: one mile Couth call of Steyning, and 
fifty-one fouth of London. 
BR AM'BLE,-/. in botany. See Rubus. 
BRAMBLE, or Brandling, f in ornithology, the 
trivial name of a fpecies of fringilla. 
BR AM'BLE-NET, f. olherwife called hallier, a net to 
catch birds. See Bird-catching, p:50, of this volume. 
BRA'MER (Leonard), hilfory-painter, born at Delft, 
in 1596, and learned the art of painting in the ichool of 
Rembrandt. He had a fine tade of delign ; his expreffion 
is generally good, and in foine of his competitions truly 
noble. His pencil is delicate, and his colouring very pe¬ 
culiar m the tints, being fo remarkably thin in many parts 
as barely to cover the pannel ; yet, by great fkill in the 
management of the chiaro-fcuro, his colouring is bright, 
bold, and full of luff re ; particularly in the vales, which 
he was fond of introducing in every fubject that could ad¬ 
mit them. At Venice, Naples, Florence, Mantua, and 
other cities of Italy, as well as at Rome, he left many 
proofs of his extraordinary merit, which rendered his name 
delervedly famous; and his works are rarely to be met 
with out of Italy, where he painted mod; but whenever 
they are to be purchafed they are bought at confiderable 
prices, if they are entire and undamaged. One of the 
mod capital pictures of Brarner is the railing of Lazarus, in 
which there is a charming oppofition of light and diadow ; 
and another is the denial of St. Peter. 
BRAM'FIELD, a l'mall town in the county of Suffolk, 
two miles and a half from Halefworth, and ninety-feven 
from London. It lies on the great road to Bungay, and 
abounds in hay and corn. 
BRAM'HALL (Dr. John), archbifhop of Armagh, 
w’as born of an ancient family at PontefraCt in Yorkfhire, 
about the year 1593. He was invited over to Ireland by 
the lord-deputy Wentworth ; and foon after obtained the 
archdeaconry of Meath, the bed in that kingdom. In 
1634, he was made bifhop of Londonderry, which fee he 
improved very much; but the greated fervice he did to 
the church of Ireland, was by getting, with the deputy’s • 
adidance, feveral adds palled for abolifhingffee-farms, reco¬ 
vering impropriations, &c. by which, and by othet means, 
lie regained to the church, in the fpace of four years, near 
40,000!. In the convocation he prevailed upon the church 
of Ireland to unite in the fame faith with the church of 
BRA 
England, by adopting the thirty-nine articles; and wctild 
willingly have introduced the Englifh canons, but could 
-only prevail on their accepting fuch as they deemed pro¬ 
per. Articles of treafbn were exhibited againd him/n the 
Iri ill parliament; and at the treaty of Uxbridge, \i 1644, 
the Englifh parliament made it a preliminary article, that 
bifhop Bramhall, with archbifhop Laud, and othos, thould 
be excepted from the general pardon. He wen/abroad ; 
but on the redpration he returned, and was appointed arch* 
bifhop of Armagh, primate and metropolitan of all Ire¬ 
land, and was chofen fpeaker of the houfe of lords. He 
died in 1663 ; and was the author of feveral works, which 
are collected in one volume folio. 
BRAMINABAD', an ancient city of Hindoodan, and 
once the capital of the circar of Tattah. Its name was ta¬ 
ken from its having been fanCtified by the chief relidence 
of the Brahmins, or perhaps where there might have been 
peculiar worfhip paid to the god Brama. It was a place 
of confiderable drength, its fort being/aid to have had 
fourteen hundred bafhons. 
BRAMNE'E, a river of Hindooftan, which runs into 
the Bay of Bengal, forty miles fouth of Balafore. This 
river is capable of receiving a flup of 200 tons; it is the 
Adamas jiuvius of Ptolemy, fo named from the gems found 
in its neighbourhood. A diamond mine is at this time 
worked on one of its brandies, 
BRAMPOUR'. See Burhampour. 
BRAMP'TON, an ancient market-town in Cumberland, 
and was formerly a Roman dation, and a place of fome note 
in the fecond and third centuries. According to Camden, 
the Romans called it Bremcturacum. Here, the fird band 
of the Tungri out of Germany, and a company of the Ar¬ 
mature, were dationed in the declining date of the Roman 
empire. It lies in the great road to Newcadle from Car- 
li/Ie, Whitehaven, &c. It has two fairs, at which many 
thoufands of fheep and black cattle are fold ; the fair-days 
are the fecond Wedneiday after Whitfuntide, and the le- 
cond Wednefday in September: market-days are Tueldays 
and Saturdays, Here is a very confiderable check manu¬ 
factory; alfo an hofpital for fix poor men and fix poor 
women. The town is about 300 miles from London, nine 
from Carlifie, and forty-feven from Newcadle. 
BRAM'SCHE, a town ol Germany, in the circle of 
Wedphalia, and biihopric of Ofnabruk, on the Hale : five 
miles fouth-wed of Vorden. 
BRAM'SCHE, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Wedphalia, and county of Lingen : five miles fouth-fouth- 
ead of Lingen. 
BRAM'STEDT, or Brahmstedt, a town of Ger¬ 
many, in the circle of Lower Saxony, and duchy of Hol- 
dein, fituated on the Bram. Near it is a medicinal fpring. 
It is twenty-one miles nortli of Hamburg, and thirty-eight 
wed of Lubec. 
BRAN, f. [brenna , Ital. ] The hufk of corn ground ; 
the refuie of the fieve. Among the ancients, bran was 
ufed as an erotic, to excite love. Bran boiled, purges 
feurf, dandreft', and cleanfes the hands in lieu of foap. 
The dyers reckon it among the iiot-colouring drugs; and 
ufe it for making what they call the four-waters , with 
which they prepare their feveral dyes. 
BRANAW', a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Ko- 
nigingratz, with a manufacture of coloured cloth: eleven 
miles north-wed of Glatz, and twenty-nine north-ead of 
Konigingratz. 
BRAN'CA, a fmall ifland in the Atlantic, near the 
coaff of Benin,An Africa. 
BR ANCALEO'NE, a town of Italy, in the province 
of Calabria Ultra : nine miles fouth-ead of Bova. 
BR AN'C A UR SIN A, fee A can thus & Herac leum. 
BRANCH, / [ branc/ie , Fr.] The fhoot of a tree from 
one of the main boughs : 
Why grow the brandies when the root is gone > 
Why wither not the leaves that want their fap. Shakefp. 
Any member or part of the whole ; any didinft article ; 
any 
