B R A S S I C A. 
358 
they are to remain, at two feet difiance every way, and 
watered till they have taken root. As their hems advance, 
draw the earth up to them with a hoe, but not too high, 
fo as to cover the globular part, which is eaten. 
The Swedish turnip, or roola baga, is of the fame nature 
with thefe, and equally hardy. The root is fweet and firm, 
being nearly twice as heavy as one of our turnips of the 
fame fiz'e. When dreffed for the tabic, it is preferred to 
ours; and it is particularly grateful to all forts of cattle. 
Hares and pheafants will take to'it, and leave cabbages 
and common turnips untouched. The culture and appli¬ 
cation of the Swedifli turnip is the fame as that of thefe. 
The roots are as found in May as at Chriftmas; they may 
be pulled up at this time, and kept till April, either piled 
up with fan'd or draw in a barn, or thrown on a pafrure. 
Their heads are not fo large and bufhy as thole of the 
turnip-rooted cabbage, and therefore will not produce fo 
much green-food. 
The borecole, or fringed cabbage, for the garden, may 
be treated in the manner directed for winter cabbages; 
but they need not be planted above one foot afunder in the 
rows, and thefe need not be more than at two feet diftance. 
The borecoles are never eaten till froft has rendered them 
tender ; for before that they are tough and bitter. The 
feeds of the Siberian borecole may be fown the beginning 
of July; and, when the plants are firong enough, they 
fhould be let in rows eighteen inches afunder, and ten 
inches diftant in the rows. T his work mu ft be done in a 
moift time. They will be fit for ufe after Chriftmas, and 
continue good to April. All thefe plants bear our fe- 
vereft winters, are a ufeful referve for the table in fuch 
feafons, and then eat very fweet and tender. Green bore¬ 
cole is alfo a .very ufeful green food for fheep, becaufe it is 
not only hardy, but, growing three feet high, it may at all 
times in deep fnows be got at by thefe animals, who fre¬ 
quently flitter much for want of food in fuch cafes. It may 
be cultivated as clireified for the turnip-rooted cabbage. 
Cauliflowers, by the (kill of the gardener, are conti¬ 
nued for feveral months together; but the mod common 
feafon for the great crop, is in May, June, and July we 
fhall therefore begin with directions for obtaining them .in 
this feafon. Having procured a parcel of good feed, of 
an early kind, you muft low it about the twenty-firft of 
Auguft, upon an old cucumber or melon bed, lifting a 
little earth over the feeds, about a quarter of an inch 
thick; and, if the weather fhould prove extremely hot 
and dry, you fhould (hade the bed with mats, to prevent 
the earth from drying too faff, which would endanger the 
fpoiling your feed ; and % give it gentle waterings, as you 
may fee occafion. In about a week’s time your plants 
will appear above ground, when you mutt: take off your 
coverings by degrees, but do not expofe them too much 
to the open fun at firft. In about a month’s time after 
fowing, your plants will be fit to prick out ; you fhquld 
therefore put fonte frefh earth upon your old cucumber 
or melon beds; or, where thefe are not to be had, fome 
beds fhould be made with a little new dung, which fhould 
be trodden down clofe, to prevent the worms from get¬ 
ting through, it ; but it fhould not be hot''dung, which 
v.ould be hurtful to the plants at this feafon, efpeciajly if 
it proves very hot; into this bed you fhould prick your 
•young plants, at about two inches fqttare, obferving to 
jhade and water them at firft planting ; but do not water 
them tqo much after they are growing, nor fuffer them to 
receive too much rain, if the feafon fhould prove wet, 
which would be apt to make them black-fhanked, as the 
gardeners term it ; which is no lefs than a rottennefs in 
their Items, and is the deftruttion of the plants fo affeded. 
In this bed they fhould continue till about the 30th of 
October, when they muft be removed into the place where 
they ate to remain during the winter feafon, which, for 
the firft fowing, is commonly under bell or hand glaffes, 
to have early cauliflow ers, and thefe fhould be of an early 
kind; but, in order to have a fucceflion during the feafon, 
yon fhould be provided with another more late kind, which 
fhould be fown four or five days after the other, and ma¬ 
naged as was directed for them. In order to have very 
early cauliflowers, you fhould make choice of a good rich 
fpot of ground, that is well defended from the north, eall, 
and weft, winds, with hedges, pales, or walls; but the 
firft is to be preferred, if made'with reeds, becaufe the 
winds will fall dead in thefe, and not reverberate as' by 
pales or walls. This ground fhould be well trenched, bu¬ 
rying therein a good quantity of rotten dung; then level 
your ground, and, if it be naturally a wet foil, you fhould 
raife it up in beds.about two feet and a half or three feet 
broad, and four inches above the level of the ground ; but, 
if your ground is moderately dry, you need not raife it at 
all : then fet your plants, allowing about two feet fix 
inches diftance from 'glafs to glafs, in the rows, always 
putting two good plants under each glafs, which may be 
at about four inches from each other; and, if you defign 
them for a full crop, they may be three feet and a half, 
row from row : but, if you intend to make ridges for cu¬ 
cumbers or melons between the rows of cauliflower-plants 
(as is generally prabtifed by the gardeners near London), 
you muft then make your rows eight feet afunder. 
When you have fet your plants, if the ground is very 
dry, you fhould give them a little water, and then fet 
your glaffes over them, which may remain clofe down up¬ 
on them until they have taken root, which will be in about 
a week or ten days time; unlefs there fhould be a kindly 
fhower of rain, in which cafe you may fet off the glaffes, 
that the plants may receive the benefit of it ; and in about 
ten days after planting, you fhould be provided with a 
parcel of forked flicks or bricks, with w hich you fhould 
raife your glaffes about three or four inches on the fide to¬ 
wards the fouth, that your plants may have free air. In 
this manner your glaffes fhould remain over the plants 
night and day, unlefs in fro fly weather, when you fhould 
fet them down as clofe as poflible ; or if the weathel fhould 
prove very warm, which many times happens in Novem¬ 
ber, and fOmetimes in December, in this cafe you fhould 
keep your glaffes off in the day-time, and put them on only 
in the night, left, by keeping the glaffes over them too 
much, you fhould draw them into flower at that feafon, 
which is many times the cafe in mild winters, efpecially if 
unfkilfully managed. 
Towards the latter end of February, if the weather 
proves mild, you fhould prepare another good fpot of 
ground, to remove fome of the plants into from under the 
glaffes, which fhould be well dunged and trenched, as be¬ 
fore; then fet off the glaffes, and, after making choice of 
one of the moft promifing plants under each glafs, which 
fhould remain, take away the other plant, by railing it up 
with a trowel, fo as to preferve as much earth to the root 
as poflible; but have a great regard to-the plant that is 
to. remain, not to difturb or prejudice its roots; then fet 
your plants which you have taken out, at the diftance be¬ 
fore direiled, viz. if for a full crop, three leet and a half, 
row from row; but, if for ridges of cucumbers between 
them, eight feet, and two feet four inches diftance in the 
rows: then, with a fmall hoe, draw the earth up to the 
ftems of the plants'which were left under the glaffes, ta¬ 
king great care not to let the earth fall into their hearts ; 
and fet your glaffes over them again, railing your props 
an inch or two higher than before, to give them more air, 
obferving to take them off whenever there may be fome 
gentle fhowers, which will greatly refrefh the plants. In 
a little time after, if you find your plants grow fo faft as 
to fill the glaffes with their leaves, you fhould then flightly 
dig about the plants, and raife the ground about them in 
a bed broad enough for the glaffes to (land about four 
inches high, which will give your plants a great deal br 
room, by railing the glaffes fo much higher, when they 
are fet over them ; and by this means they may be kept 
covered until April, which otherwife 1 they could not, 
without prejudice to the leaves of the plants : and this is 
a great advantage to them; for many times we have re¬ 
turns of fevere frofts at the latter end of Mafrcb, which 
prove 
