j y 6 B R L 
the rights of towns, though it has feveTal large villages 
which go under that name. The eftablithed religion is 
Lutheranifm. In the country are ro6 churches, with 123 
pallors, which are divided into one fuperintendency, under 
the direction of three prtepolkors, but are not annexed to 
any particular parifh. In the towns are .five chinches, 
namely, the cathedral at Bremen, having four pallors; 
three churches at Stade, under fix pallors, and a chaplain 
to the garrifon ; with one at Buxtehude, having three paf- 
tors. Thus, in the whole duchy, are 111 Lutheran church¬ 
es, and 137 pallors. The fitpreme infpedlion of the church¬ 
es of this duchy, and the principality of Verden, is veiled 
in a general fuperintendant. The Calvinifts in the duchy 
of Bremen form feven congregations, and have a like num¬ 
ber of. pallors. Exclufive of the making of cordage and 
linen, tIre only manufactures are thole of cloth, flannel, 
kerfeys, and other woollen fluffs. i he principal riveis, 
befides the Elbe and the Wefer, are the Olle, the Schwinge, 
the Aue, the Luhe, and the Lehe. 
BRE'MEN, an imperial city of Germany, in the circle 
of'Lower Saxony, and capital ot the above-mentioned 
duchy. This city lies on the Wefer, by which it is divi¬ 
ded into Old -and’New. Both thefe are joined by a large 
bridge, and another (mailer one over a little brapch of the 
fame river. Its fortifications are pretty good. In 1744, 
all the buildings and inhabitants were juuitbered, and in 
the Old and New town (exclufive of the fuburbs) were 
counted 4,778 inhabited houfes, and 10,223 inhabitants, 
befides children and fervants. The Old town, which is 
the larged and moll populous, is divided into lour pariIh- 
es or quarters. In this part alfo Hands the cathedral, d his 
church is frequented by the Lutherans, and under its choir 
is the Bleykeller, or lead cellar, remarkable for undecayed 
corpfes. The Calvinilt is the eltablilhed religion, tha 
whole body of the corporation being of that perluafion; 
though the number of Lutherans is thought equal to the 
Calvmifts. The corporation is compoled ot lour burgo- 
maflers, and twenty-four counfellors, or aldermen; the 
garrifon conlifts of about 600 men. Here are feveral ma- 
nufaftures, exclufive of a very confiderable trade,, and 
Bremen flill bears the title of a Hanle-town. This city 
was anciently the fee of the bilhopric, and afterwards of 
the archbifhopric of- that name ; but, fo early as the thir¬ 
teenth century, frequent difputes arofe between it and the 
bilhops and chapter. In 1640, Bremen was lummoned to 
the diet, and allowed a feat and vote on the Rhemfh bench, 
in the college of Imperial cities, where it ranks the eighth. 
In 1648, at the peace of Weftphalia, both the city, its de¬ 
pendencies, and vaffals, were confirmed in their Hate, free¬ 
dom, rights, and privileges, as well ecclefiaftical as civil. 
In September, 1739, in the dead of night, the powder ma¬ 
gazine was fet on fire by lightning, and blew up with a 
dreadful explofion, awaking the affrighted inhabitants from 
their fleep, who took it for an earthquake; but, though it 
fliftok the houfes.to their foundations, it did little other 
'damage. In 1757. the French got poflellion of the city ; 
but, in 1758, huffily quitted it, and were fucceeded by a 
body of Hanoverians. Its matricular affeffment is three 
hundred and twenty florins, and its contingent to the cham¬ 
ber at Wetzlar one hundred and forty-eight' rix-dollars, 
fixty-feven kreutzers and a half. Bremen is fifty-lour 
miles fouth-weft df Hamburg. Lat. 53. 6. N. Ion. 2 G. 6 . 
E. Ferro. 
BRE'MERFORD, or Bremerworde, a town of 
Germany, in the circle of Lower Saxony, and duchy of 
Bremen : thirty miles north of Bremen, and ten fouth-weff 
of Stade. 
BREMGAR'TEN, a town of Swifferland, and one of 
the inferior bailiwics. It fullered very much in the civil 
wars between tlie cantons; and in 1712 came under the 
dominion of Zurich, Berne, and Glaris. \ he inhabitants 
are chiefly Roman Catholics. Eleven miles W. of Zurich. 
• BRE'MIS, a town of Swifferland, in the Valais: four 
miles eall-fouth-eaft of Sion. 
BRE'MONT (Franjois de), born at Paris in 1713, died 
B R E 
there in 1742, i.11 his 29th year. The Academy of Scien- 
ces admitted him.into their body, and the Royal Society 
of London made him their feeretary . His tranflation of 
the Philofophical Tran factions' procured him this honour. 
He publifhed four volumes of them in 4to, containing the 
years 1^31 to 1736 inclufively. Bremont accompanied his 
work with notes; fome of them liifiorical, in which he 
traces back the hiltory of the different opinions; others, 
critical, correfting what defe£ls may have efcaped in his 
originals. He alfo added a table of the Tranfaftions from 
1665 to 173O, 1 vol. 4fo. 
BRE'MONT .LA MOTTE, a town of France, in the 
department of Puy de Dome, ten miles from Clermont. 
BRENCKH AU'SEN, a town of Germany, in the cir¬ 
cle of Weftphalia, belonging to the abbey of Corvey : four 
miles north-weft of Corvey. 
BRE'NETS (Les), a village of Swifferland, in the prin¬ 
cipality of Neufchatel, containing about 1000 inhabitants ; 
ten miles north-weft of Neufchatel. 
BREN'NAGE, J. [brenvagium , Lat.] In middle-age 
writers, a kind of tribute paid in lieu of bran, or bran it- 
felf, which the tenants were obliged to furnifh for the fup- 
port of the lord’s hounds. The word is alio written bren- 
vage, brenagium , and brcnaige , bernagium, brenaticum, and 
brennaticuni. 
BRENNE, before the revolution, a final 1 country of 
France, now part of the department of the Indre. 
BREN'NER, mountains of Germany, in the Tyrolefe, 
between Infpruck and Storzing, over which the high road 
continues four leagues in length. It is a part of the Alps. 
BREin'NUS, a general of the Galli Senones, w ho enter¬ 
ed Italy, defeated the Romans at the river Allia, and en¬ 
tered their city without oppofition. The Romans fled into 
the capitol, and left the whole city in the poffeffion of the 
enemies. The Gauls climbed the Tarpeian rock in the 
night, and the capitol would have been taken, had not the 
Romans been awakened by rhe noife of geefe wdiich were 
before the doors, and immediately repelled the enemy. 
Camillus, who was in banifhment, marched to the relief of 
his country, and fo totally defeated the Gauls, that not 
one remained to carry the news of their deflruttion.—Ano¬ 
ther Gaul, who made an irruption into Greece with 130,00® 
men, and 50,000 horfe, and endeavoured to deftroy the tem¬ 
ple of Apollo at Delphi. He was deftroyed, with all-his 
troops, by the god, or more properly he killed himfelf in 
a fit of intoxication, B. C. 278, after being defeated by 
the Delphians. Pauf. 10. JuJtin. 24. 
BRE'NO, a town of Italy, in the Brefian, on the O- 
glio, between Bormio and Brefcia : thirty-two miles north 
of Brefcia. 
BRE'NOD, a to\vn of France, in the department of the 
Ain, and chief place of a canton, in the dillrRt of Nan- 
tua: five miles fouth of Nantua. 
BREN'SCHEN, or Breunschen, a town of Germa¬ 
ny, in the circle of the Lower Rhine, and eledlorate of 
Mentz : feven miles fouth of Miltenberg. 
BRENT (Sir Nathaniel), was born at Wool ford in War- 
tvickfhire,i in 1573, and educated at Merton-college in Ox¬ 
ford. In 1613 he travelled abroad, and at his return mar¬ 
ried the daughter and heirefs of Dr. P„obert Abbot, bifhop 
of Salilbury, and niece to Dr. Abbot, archbifhopof Can¬ 
terbury ; who lent him to Venice in 1618, to procure a co¬ 
py of the Hiftory of the Council of Trent. He received 
from the joint authors, father Paul and father Fulgentio, 
. the (beets as they were compofed, and fent them over 
weekly to the arclibifhop. When it was finiftied he return¬ 
ed, and tranlluted it from Italian into Englifh and Latin 
In 1621 he was, by the archbifhop’s intereft, chofen war¬ 
den of Merton-college; and in 1629 was knighted by 
Charles 1 . at Woodftock. He afterwards Tided with ^he 
Puritans, and took the covenant, for which reafon he was, 
by his majefiy’s command, deprived of his wardenftiip of 
Merton-college; but, when Oxford furrendered to the 
parliament in 1646, lie was reftored, and appointed chief 
vifitor of that univerfity the two following years. After- 
3 ’ wards 
