B R I 
days in a bafon full of (Milled water. The water was then 
decanted off, and examined by various chemical teds. It 
was immifcible with foap, (truck a lively green with fyrup 
ot violets, was rendered (lightly laclefcent by the volatile 
alkali, and quite milky by the fixed alkali, and by a folu- 
tion of faccharum faturni. The infufion of tormentil-rOot 
produced no change in it.” This experiment, he obferves, 
affords a ftriking proof of the impropriety of lining wells 
with brick; a practice very common in many places, and 
which cannot fail of rendering the water hard and un- 
wholefome. Clay generally contains a variety of hetero¬ 
geneous matters. The coloured loams often participate of 
bitumen, and the ochre of iron. Sand and calcareous earth 
are (till more common ingredients in their compofition ; 
and the experiments of Mr. Geoffry and Mr. Pott prove, 
that the earth of alum alfo may in large quantity be £x- 
tratted from clay. Now, as clay is expofed to the open 
air for a long 1'pace of time, is then moulded into bricks, 
and burnt ; this procefs refembles in many refpects that 
by which the alum-ftone is prepared. And it is probable 
that the white efflorelcence which is frequently obferved 
on the furface of new bricks, is of an aluminous nature. 
The long expofure of clay to the air before it is moulded 
into bricks, the fulphureous exhalations of pit-coal ufed 
for burning it, together w ith the fuffocating and bitumi¬ 
nous vapour which arife-, from the ignited clay itfelf, (uf- 
ficiently account for the combination of vitriolic acid with 
the earth of alum. 
The exifting laws for regulating the manufacture of 
bricks and tiles are the following : By fiat. 17 Edw. IV. 
c. 4, every perfon ufin'g the occupation of making of the 
tile called plain tile (otherwife called thak tjle), roof tile 
or cres tiie, corner tile, and gutter tile, (hall make it good, 
feafonable, and fufficient, and well whited and annealed. 
And the earth, whereof any fuch tiles (hall be made, (hall 
be digged and caft up before November 1, next before 
they (hall be made; and (tirred and turned before Febru¬ 
ary i, next following ; and not wrought before March 1, 
next after : and the lame earth, before it be put to mak¬ 
ing of tile, fhail be truly wrought and tried from (tones. 
And the ve-ns called nialin or marie, and chalk, lying 
commonly in the ground near to the land convenient to 
make tile, after the digging of the faid earth whereof any 
fuch tile (hall be itnade, (hall be well fevered from the 
earth of which the tile (hall be made. And every fuch 
plain tile fo to be made (hall be ioa inches long, 6^ inches 
broad, and half an inch and half a quarter thick : roof tile 
or crefs tile, 13 inches long, half an inch and half a quar¬ 
ter thick, with convenient deepnefs: gutter tile and cover 
tile ioi inches tong, with convenient thicknefs, breadth, 
and deepnefs v And, if any perfon fhail fet to fale any fuch 
tile otherwife made, he (hall forfeit to the buyer double 
value of the tile, and make fine and ranfom at the king’s 
will. To be recovered by action of debt with cofts. And 
alfo the juftices of the peace, and every of them, may 
hear and determine offences againfi this aft ; w ho (hall 
affefs upon the offender no lefs fine than for every thou- 
fand'plain tiles 5s. for every hundred roof tile 6s. 8d. and 
for every hundred corner or gutter tile 2s. 
By fiat. 17 Geo. Ill. c. 42, all bricks made for fale, 
fhail, when burned, be not lefs than eight inches and an 
half long, two inches and an half thick, and four inches 
wide ; and all pantiles, not lefs than thirteen inches and 
an half long, nine inches and an half wide, and half an 
inch thick; on pain that the maker fhail forfeit 20s. for 
every 1000 bricks, and tos. for every 1000 pan-tiles. The 
reafon why no provifiomwas made concerning pan-tiles by 
fiat. 17 Edw. IV. is, becaufe pan-tiles are a modern inven¬ 
tion, long after the date of that aft. The fize of the 
fteves or fcreens for fifting or fcreening fea-coal afhes, to 
be mixed with brick-earth in making of bricks, (hall not 
exceed one-fourth part of an inch between the mafhes. 
All combinations for enhancing the price of bricks or tiles 
fhail be void ; and every brick-maker or tile-maker otfend- 
itig therein fhail forfeit 20I. and every clerk, agent, or fer- 
B R I 391 
vant, ibl, half to the poor, and half to him who (hallfue 
in fix calendar months after offence committed. Wcjlm. f.4. 
BRICK, a river of Ireland, in the county of Kerry, 
which runs into the Cafhin, ten miles north of Tralee. 
To BRICK, v. a. To lay with bricks.—-The (extort 
comes to Know where he is to be laid, and whether his grave 
is to be plain or bricked. Swift. 
BRICK'BAT,/. A piece of brick.—Earthen bottles, 
filled with hot water,, dp provoke in bed a fweat more 
daintily than brickbats hot. Bacon. 
BRICK'DUS F,y. Duff made by pounding bricks.— 
This ingenious author, being thus (harp fet, got together 
a convenient quantity of bnckdujl, and difpofed of it into 
feverul papers. Spectator. 
BRICK'E ARTH,/. Earth ufed in making bricks.— 
They grow very well both on the hazelly brickearths, and 
on gravel. Mortimer. 
BRICK-KILN, /. A place to burn bricks.—Like the 
Ifraelites in the brick-kilns, they multiplied the more for 
their oppreffion. Decay of Piety. 
BRICK'LAYER,/! A man vvhofe trade is to build with 
bricks; a brick-mafon : 
If you had liv’d, fir, 
Time enough to have been interpreter 
To Babel’s bricklayers, fure the tow’r had (food. Donne. 
The Bricklayers’ Company in London were incorporated 
in 1586. Their armorial enfigns are azure, a chevron or be¬ 
tween a flower de lys argent between three brick-axes in 
chief and a bundle of laths in bafe or crelt and armed, 
holding a brick-ax, or. Their motto, In God is all our tru/i. 
■ BRICK'MAKER,/'. One whole trade it is to make 
bricks.—They are common in claypits ; but the brickma- 
Aers pick them out of the day. Woodward. 
BRIC'KY, a river of Ireland, which runs into the bay 
of Dungarvan, in the county of Waterford. 
BRICON', a town of France, in the department of the 
Upper Marne, and chief place of a canton, in the dillrift 
o( Chaumont: feven miles wed of Chauman t. 
BRICZA'NI, a town of European Turkey, in the pro¬ 
vince of Moldavia : thirty miles fouth-eaft of Cekzim. 
BRI'DAL, adj. Belonging to a wedding; nuptial; con 
nubial : 
With all the pomp of woe, and forrow’s pride 1 
Oh early lofi! oh fitter to be led 
In chearful fplendour to the bridal bed. Waijk's Nun . 
BRI'DAL, f. The nuptial feftival: 
Sweet day, fo cool, fo calm, fo bright, 
The bridal of the earth and fky, 
Sweet dews (hall weep thy fall to-night; 
For thou mud die. Herbert. 
BRIDE, J'. \_bryd. Sax. brudur, in Runic, (igniviesa beau¬ 
tiful woman.] A woman new married : 
The day approach’d, when fortune (hould decide 
Th’ important enterprise, and give the bride . Drydcn. 
Among the Greeks it was cufiomary for the bride to be 
conduced from her father’s houfe to her hulband’s in a 
chariot, the evening being chofen for that purpofe, to con¬ 
ceal her blufiies ; lhe was placed in the middie, her hulband 
fitting on one fide, and one of her molt intimate friends on 
the other; torches were carried belore her, and (lie was 
entertained in the palfage with a long fuitable to the occa- 
fion. When they arrived at their journey’s end, the axle- 
tree of the coach they rode in was burnt, to fignify that 
the bride was never to return to her father’s houfe. 
Among the Romans, the bride was to feem to be ravi(hed 
by force from her mother, in memory of the rape ot the 
Sabines under Romulus ; (lie was to be carried home in the 
night-time to the bridegroom’s houfe, accompanied by 
three boys, one whereof carried a torch, and the other two 
led the bride ; a Ipindle and diftalf being carried with 
her ; (lie brought three nieces of money in her hand to the 
3 * bride- 
