pal refidence, and other.. continuing to'follow the exam¬ 
ple, has occafioned the hill to be almoft every where co¬ 
vered with refpeflable manfions, molt ot them built with 
free-llone in a very elegant (til?; and a noble Creffcent is 
now building out plan fuperior to any thing o-f the kind ; 
and feveral new ftreets and rows of bottles are projected, 
and are carrying forward with the utmoft fpirit, fpeed, 
and elegance. Here are alfo a great number of handlome 
houfes built purpofely for lodgings, lome nearly adjoining 
the Hot-well. On Clifton-down there are ancient fortifi¬ 
cations and intrenchments, where the remains of a wind¬ 
mill now hand, and coins of the, later Roman emperors 
have frequently been found about the camp; there are 
other intrenchments oppofite on the Somerfet fide of the 
river Avon. They are ail fuppofed to be the works, of the 
Ronian foldiers under Ofterius, who caufed fortifications to 
be, railed in many places along that river, above and below 
Briftol, which was probaHty the reafon why the Britons 
gave the name of Caer Oder, i. e. Caftrum Ofterii,. to 
that city. 
Beyond this beau-tiful fpot, due weft, we have a fine 
view of Hung-road, whence, and at King-road, the Briftol 
(hips generally take their departure, as thofe of London 
do from GraVefend, and where they notify their arrival, 
as thofe for London do in the Downs. The firft lies with¬ 
in the Avon, the lall in the Severn. From King’s-wefton, 
near this place, is alfo an exceeding fine view of Hung- 
road and the Briftol-channel, a part of Wales on one fide, 
Somerfetfhire on the other, ; and Denny-ifland in the mid¬ 
dle ; below is the feat of lord Clifford, and on the right 
the mouth of the Severn. Below Hung-road is Pill, a 
port-town and convenient bay for (hipping. About two 
miles on the north, towards Glouc-efter, we lofe fight of 
the Avon, and exchange it for-an open view of the Se¬ 
vern fea, which is on the wed fide, and which feems there 
as broad as the ocean • except that there are two fnlall 
iflands in it on the north-weft. Beyond this, lies the coaft 
of South Wales; the neareft of which is the Ihore of Mon- 
mouthfhire. The (bores then begin to draw towards one 
another, and the coafts lie parallel ; fo that the Severn 
appears to be a plain river, or an fEftuarium, fomewhat 
like the Humber, or as the Thames is at the Nore, being 
from four to five and fix miles over; and is indeed a moll 
raging and furious kind of fea. Briftol is twelve miles 
from Bath, thirty-four from Gloucefter, and 120 from 
London. Lat. 51. 28. N. Ion. 2.35. W. Greenwich. 
In the vicinity of Briftol are the following places wor¬ 
thy of note : Arno’s Vale, about one mile and a half on 
the road to Bath. On the left-hand fide is a calile-like 
edifice, built with copper flag, or fcorite, of a black co¬ 
lour, the joints between which, with the interlacings and 
battlements; being white, has a pleafing effe£l. Here is 
ereded the old gate which formerly was the entrance into 
Briftol-caftle from the Old-market, in which are placed, 
in niches, two ancient images ; the one is Alle, the other 
Coernicus,,who were wardens of Briftol-caftle, and great 
warriors again!! the Danes, in the days of king Eldred ; 
thefe.Images, before their removal hither, flood on the 
outfide of I.aw-ford’s-gate, which was taken down in 1767 : 
they are Laid to be upwards of eight hundred years old. 
Cotham, about three quarters of a mile, north from 
Briftol, in Gloucefterfttire, near Kingfdowmhill. This 
place is remarkable for a very curious ftone that is dug 
there, the furface of which, as taken from its natural bed, 
has all the refemblance of that kind of carving which, in 
general, ruliic bafernents, &c. in buildings, are ornament¬ 
ed with; but this far ftirpaffes the vvo'rkmanfhip of the 
mod fkilful artift, and, on that account, is ufed, in many 
places, for the embellilhnrent of pillars, gateways, &c*. 
King’s-wefton, the feat of lord Clifford, in Gloucefter- 
fhire, about four 'miles north-well front Briftol, is a very 
capital honfe. It was built from a defign of Sir John Van- 
burgh, the archited tha* erected Blenheim, and it is fome- 
What in the fame (tile of-building. Here is, a very capital 
collection of paintings by the 1110ft celebrated matters, in 
T O L. 
fine prefervation. The gardens and plantations are e.xten- 
live, and the hot-houfe is faid to be equal to any. thing of 
the kind in England ; it contains a prodigious number of 
tlie molt valuable and curious,exotics. 
Pen-park, the feat of John Harmer, Efq. in Gloucefter- 
fltire, five miles north from Briftol, near which is a re¬ 
markable cavern, called Pen-park-hole, taken notice of by 
many hittofians for its great depth. This hole, of which 
fome account has been publifhed in the Philofophical 
Tranladions, is fituate in the corner of a plain field, and 
is encompalfed, for a fmall diltance round, with a hedge, 
to prevent cattle, & c. from falling into it; within this 
hedge, there are a few butties growing ; therefore thofe 
whole curiofity may tempt them to vifit it, w ill do well to' 
look cautioufly about them, before they venture to ex¬ 
plore this dreadful gulph. Within this inclofure, which 
is but a few yards in circumference, a moft horrid chafm 
prefents it fell" to the eye, of no great depth at the open¬ 
ing, but a little lower it extends itfeif on every fide, quite 
out of fight ; if a ftone be caft into this opening, it will be 
heard, dafhing again!! the protuberances of rock, &c. it 
meets with in falling, for a confiderable time, till, at laft, 
it is loft by plunging into a vaft depth of water. A me¬ 
lancholy accident which happened here on Friday the 17th 
of March, £775, was the caufe of tills place being more 
univerfally known than heretofore, and was the means of 
feveral perfons venturinp; down into it. The Rev. Mr. 
Newnham, one of the minor canons of Briftol cathedral, 
in company with another gentleman and two ladies, went 
to this place to examine the depth with a line, and on ap¬ 
proaching the mouth of the aperture, for his greater fafe- 
ty, laid hold of a twig that fprung from the root of an 
afh growing over the mouth of the cavern ; but, bis foot 
unfortunately (lipping, the twig broke, and he fell to the 
bottom, in fight of his fr ends, whofe d'iflreis at this dread¬ 
ful event may be imagined, but not deft.ri.bed.; and here 
we cannot omit a remarkable circtimftance, which is the 
pfalm in the morning fervice of that day, read by him at 
Clifton church, where he officiated,' for being fo plain¬ 
tively defetiptive of his approaching cataftrophe : Pfalm 
lxxxviii. v. 5. Thou haft laid me in the lowell pit: in a 
place of darknefs, and in the deep. Many perfons went 
down daily, for a confiderable time, in fearch of the body, 
which was not found till thirty-nine days after the acci¬ 
dent, when it was met with floating on the water. 
- Stanton-Drew, in Somerfetlhire, fix miles foiith of Brif¬ 
tol. Here are feveral remarkable ftones, to which the 
common people have given the name of The IVcdrfing, from 
a tradition that, as a couple were going to be married, 
they, with the reft of the company, were changed into 
thefe ftones. The received opinion concerning them is, 
that they are the remains of a Druidical temple; and, in¬ 
deed, the name of the place feems to confirm this conjec¬ 
ture. Upon examining their fituation, they appear to form 
three difti.nfl circles. 
At Stoke-B.ilhop, two miles from Briftol, is a fine old 
manfion, the feat of lady Lipincot. To the left, at about 
half a mile diftance, is a building refembling a church, or 
tower, called Cook’s Folly ; it Hands on the brow of a 
high cliff, that overlooks the river quite down to King- 
road. The common people relate, that one Cook having 
dreamt that a viper (hould bite him and occafion his death, 
he, to prevent it, erefted this building, and immured hirn- 
felf therein; yet, nevertltelefs, his dream came-to pafs: 
a v,iper happened to be concealed among- fome faggots 
that were laid upon a fire, by which Cook was fitting to 
warm himfelf; the venemouS reptile, on feeling the heat, 
fuddenly fprung forth, and bit him in fucli a manner that 
he died. 
Stoke-houfe,Jn Gloucefterfhire, about four miles nortli- 
ea-ftfrom Briftol, the feat of the duchefs dowager of Beau¬ 
fort, in the parilh of Stoke-Gifford. This capital manfion 
was originally built by Sir Richard Berkeley, in the reign 
of queen Elizabeth. It was greatly damaged during the 
civil wars in the reign of Charles the Firft. The late lord 
Botetourt, 
