B R O 
BRO'KEN-HEARTED, adj. Having the fpirits crufli- 
ed by grief or fear.—He hath lent me to bind np the bro¬ 
ken-hearted. Ijaiak. 
BRO'KEN ISLAND, an itland in the bay of Bengal, 
near the coafi of Ava. Lat. 16.30. N. Ion. 94. 28. E. 
Greenwich. 
BRO'KENLY, adv. Without any regular feries.—Sir 
Richard Hopkins hath done fomewhat of this kind, but 
brokenly and glancingly; intending chiefly a difcourfe of 
his own voyage. Hahewill. 
BRO'KEN MEAT. Fragments; meat that has been 
cut. 
BRO'KEN NUMBER, the fame as Fraction, which 
fee, 
BRO'KEN RADIATION, in catoptrics, is the break¬ 
ing the beams of light as feen through a glafs, cut into 
feveral planes or faces. 
BRO'KEN RAY, or Ray of Refraction, in diop¬ 
trics, is a right line, whereby the ray of incidence chan¬ 
ges its rectitude, or is broken in traverfing the feo ind me¬ 
dium, whether it be thicker or thinner. 
BRO'KEN WIND, in hprfes. See Farriery. 
BRO'KER,y. [from To broke. ] Afaftor; one that does 
buflnefs for another; one that makes bargains for another : 
Some South-Sea broker , from the city, 
Will purchafe me, the more's the pity; 
Lay all my fine plantations wafte, 
To fit them to his vulgar tafte. Swift. 
One who deals in old houfehold goods. A pimp ; a match¬ 
maker : 
Jn chilling for yourfelf, you (hew’d your judgment; 
Which being (hallow, you Ihall give me leave 
To play the broker in mine own behalf. Skakefpeare. 
Brokers are of three kinds; exchange-brokers, flock- 
brokers, and pawn-brokers. Exchange-brokers , are thofe 
who contrive, make, and conclude, bargains between mer¬ 
chants and tradefmen, in matters of money or merchan T 
dile, for which they have a fee or premium. Tliefe, in 
our old Englifli law-books, are called broggers, and in Scot¬ 
land, broccarii, i. e. according to Skene, * mediators or in- 
terceffors in any contract, &c.’ They make it their bufl¬ 
nefs to know the courfe oT exchange between London and 
foreign countries, to inform merchants thereof, and to no¬ 
tify to thofe who have money to receive or pay abroad, 
who are the proper perfons-for negi^Jtting the exchange 
with; and, when the matter is accompli fired, that is, when 
the money is paid, they have for brocage 2s. per iool. 
Aerling. Thefe brokers, by flat. 8 and 9 William III are 
to be licenfed in London by the lord mayor, who adminif- 
ters to them an oath, and takes bond for the faithful exe¬ 
cution of their office; whence they are cs\\e& fworn bro¬ 
kers. If any perfon Ihall aft as broker without being thus 
licenfed and admitted, he fhall forfeit tire fum of 500I. 
and perfons employing him, 5I. and brokers are to regifter 
contrafts, &c. under the like penalty : alfo brokers (hall 
not deal for themfelves, on pain of forfeiting 200I. They 
are to carry about them a filver medal, having the king’s 
arms and the arms of the city, and pay 40s. a-year to the 
chamber of the city, for the privilege of tranfafting bu- 
finefs on the Royal and Stock Exchanges, the difpofal of 
fnips, merchandize, &c. the purchafe, fale, and transfer, 
of every kind of flock ; and alfo the liberty to value, buy, 
fell, or appraife, eflates, and every fpecies of eftefts with¬ 
in the city of London. 
In France, till the middle of the 17th century, their ex¬ 
change-brokers were called courtiers de change ; but, by an 
arret of council in 1639, the name was changed for that 
more creditable one of agent de change, banque-, & finance ; 
and, in the beginning of the 18th century, to render the 
office flill more honourable,'the title of king's counfellors 
was added. At Grand Cairo, and feveral places of the 
Levant, the Arabs who do the office of exchange-brokers 
are called confuls . See Consul. The exchange-brokers 
at Amflerdam, called makelders, are of two kinds ; the one* 
like the Englifli, called fworn brokers , becaufe bf the oath 
they take before the burgomafters ; but the others rtego- 
ciate without any commifiion, and are called walking bro¬ 
kers. The firfl are in number 395 ; whereof 375 are Chrif- 
tians, and twenty Jews: the others are near double that 
number; fo that in Amflerdam there are near 1000 ex¬ 
change-brokers. The difference between the two confifls 
in this : the books and perlons of the former are allowed 
as evidence in the courts of juflice; w hereas, in cafe of 
dilpute, the latter are difowned, and their bargains difan- 
nulled. The fee of the fworn exchange-brokers of Am- 
flerdam is fixed by two regulations, of 1613 and 1623, with 
regard to matters of'exchange, to eighteen fols for iooli- 
vres de gros, or 600 florins; i.e. three lols for 100 florins ; 
payable, half by the draw.er and half by the perfon who 
pays the money. But cuflom has made confiderable alte¬ 
rations herein. The Jews, Armenians, and Banians, are 
the chief brokers throughout the Levant and the Indies. 
In Perfia, all affairs are tranfafted by a fort of brokers call¬ 
ed delal, i. e. ‘great talkers.’ The manner of making their 
bargains is very lingular; for, on coming towards a con- 
clnfion, they only converfe with their fingers. The buyer 
and feller’s broker each take the other by the right hand, 
which they cover with their coat or a handkerchief: the 
finger ftretched out (lands for fix, bent for five; the tip 
of the finger for one; the whole hand for 100; and the 
hand clinched for jooo. They will exprefs even pounds, 
(hillings, and pence, by their hands. During all this myf- 
tic commerce, the two brokers appear as cold and compo- 
fed as if there were nothing pafling between them. 
Stockbrokers, are thofe who are employed to buy and 
fell (hares in the joint flock of a company or corporation, 
and alfo in the public funds. As the practice of flock- 
jobbing has been carried to fuch an excefs as became not 
only ruinous to a great number of private families, but 
even affected, or at leaft might affeft; the public credit of 
the nation, the legiflature thought fit to bring it within 
certain bounds. The tranfaftions of tliefe brokers are re¬ 
gulated by flat. 6 Geo. I. cap. 18. and 7 and 10 Geo. II. 
cap. 8. which, among other things, enafted, that contrafts 
in the nature of wagers, &c. incur a penalty of 500I. and 
by the fale of flock, of which the feller is not pofleffed, a 
forfeiture of iool. and that brokers keep a book, in which 
all contrafts, with their dates, and the names of the parties 
concerned, fhall be entered, on pain of 50I. See Funds. 
Pawn-Brokers, are perfons who lend money upon pledges ; 
for the regulations concerning which, fee the article Pawn¬ 
broker. 
BRO'KERAGE, f. The pay or reward of a broker. 
See Brocage. 
BRO'KING, particip. adj. Praftifed by brokers : 
Redeem from broking pawn the blemifh’d crown, 
Wipe off the dull that hides our feeptre’s gilt. Shakef. 
BRO'KESBY (Francis), a native of Stoke in Leicefter- 
fliire, fellow of Trinity-college, Cambridge, and after¬ 
wards reftor of Rowley, in the eaft riding of Yorkfhire, 
w'as author of a Life of Jefus Chrifit; and a principal af- 
(iftant to Mr. Nelfon in compiling his Fe.tfls and Fafts of 
the Church of England. He was alfo author of An Hif- 
tory of.the Government of the Primitive Church, for the 
three firft centuries, and the beginning of the fourth. Print¬ 
ed by W. B. 17x2, 8vo. As Mr. Brokefby adopted the 
principles of the nonjurors, he was of courfe patronifed 
by the mod eminent perfons of that perfuafion. The houfe 
of the benevolent Mr. Cherry was his afylum; and there 
he formed an intimacy with Mr. Dodwell, whofe ‘life’ he 
afterwards wrote, and with Mr. NeUon, to whom the Life 
of Dodwell is dedicated. He died fuddenly foon after 
that publication. 
BROK'RY, a town of Hindooflan, in the Candeilh 
country, eight miles fouth-weft ot Burhampour. 
BRO'LO, a town of the ifland of Sicily, in the valley 
of Demona, feven miles w.efl of Pati. 
BROMBERG, 
