B R U 
BRUG[fo named by Sir Jofeph Banks, in ho¬ 
nour of James Bruce, -Lfq. the traveller into Abyliinia, 
who firft brought the feeds thence into England.] In bo¬ 
tany, a genus of the clafs dioecia, order tetrandria. The 
generic characters. are—I. Male. Calyx : perianthium, 
four-parted, flat, villole ; parts lanceolate, acute, fpread- 
iug. Corolla : petals four, lanceolate, acute, ciliate, 
fpreading,, fcarcely larger than the calyx ; neftary, a body 
placed on the receptacle, flat, four-lobed ; lobes obfeurely 
emarginate, oppofite to the petals. Stamina : filaments 
four, upright, fliort, oppofite to the calyx, inferred into 
the receptacle between the lobes of the nedtary ; anthene 
roundifh. II.’ Female. Calyx and Corollaas in the male; 
nedtary, the inner margin of the receptacle thickened, 
four-lobed; lobes emarginate. Stamina; filaments four, 
inferted into the receptacle on the out fide 'of the divilions 
of the nedlary, filiform, but thicker towards the tip, 
fharpifli, a little fhorter than the petals; without any an- 
therae. Piflillum: germs four, fuperior, ovate, com- 
prelfed ou the inner fide. Styles fubulate, reflex, lying 
on the germs; ftigmas acute. Pericarpium : four, one- 
feeded. Seeds : folitary.— EJJ'ential CharaEler. Calyx, 
four-leaved; corolla, four-petalled. Female. Pericar- 
piums, four, one-feeded. 
There is but one fpecies, called brucea ferruginea, or 
antidyfenterica. Mr. Bruce thus imperfectly deferibes it. 
Leaf pinnate; leaflets oblong, pointed, fmooth, and with¬ 
out collateral ribs that are vilible ; the upper fide of a 
deep green, the reverfe very little lighter, oppofite with 
a Angle one at the end. The flowers come chiefly from 
the point of the ftalk, on each fide of a long branch. M. 
PHeritier has deferibed it more completely. It is a fhrub 
of the middling (ize. Stem upright ; the bark afh-colour- 
ed, becoming yellowifh : branches few, alternate, patu¬ 
lous, round, thick, with broad fears from tlie fallen leaves 
continuing long on them: (hoots angular with the petioles, 
t.omentole, rufous. Leaves alternate, fpreading, une¬ 
qually pinnate, confiding of fix pairs of oppofite lobes, 
one foot in length : petiole round, thickened at the bafe, 
tomentofe, rufous. Leaflets on fliort petiolules, oblong- 
ovate, entire, acuminate, veined, villofe, fomewhat fetid 
when rubbed; the two lower ones (mailer, the upper one 
on a longer petiolule, three inches long, and one inch 
broad ; the midrib raifed on both (ides, el'pecially beneath; 
the veins concentrically retufe towards the edges. Spikes 
of male flowers folitary, axillary, upright at firft, then 
fpreading, finally nodding, peduneled, almofl dimple, or 
fcarcely compounded of many-flowered very fliort (pike¬ 
lets, remote at bottom, but gradually approximating to¬ 
wards the top, tomeiitofe, rufous, from fix to eight inches 
in length : the flowers are crowded together, either fellile 
or on very fhert pedicles, of an herbaceous colour tinged 
with red or rulfet. The male plant began to flower in the 
Itove of the Paris botanic garden, when it was between 
two and three feet in height, in May and June 1780 or 1781. 
The female plant has flowered in the royal garden at Kew, 
in,April:and May; and was introduced there in 1775. It 
is a native of Abyflinia, where it is known by the name of 
waog f inoos. The root is a fpecific in. the dyfentery. It is a 
plain, Ample bitter, without any- aromatic or refinou-s tafle; 
leaving in the throat and palate'feme thing, of roughnefs, 
refembling ipecacuanha; 
BRUCE HILL, a mountain of Ireland, in the county 
of Cavan : eleven miles fouth-fouth-weft of Cavan. 
BRUCH, or Broich, an ancient caflle of Germany, 
in.the circle of Wefiphalia, which gives name to a (igniory 
in the duchy of Berg, about fix leagues- in circumference: 
fiaur miles eaft of Duifburg. 
BRUCH, a town of France, in the department of the 
Lot and Garonne, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 
Ujtdt of, Merac : fivehniles north-north-eaft of Nerac, and 
nine weft of Agen. 
BRUCHTIAUSEN, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Wefiphalia, and county, of Hoya: five miles weft, of 
Boya. | 
B R U 451 
BRUCH'SAL, a town of Germany, in (he circle of the 
Upper Rhine, and bilhopric of Spire, fituated 011 the Salza, 
where the biftiop has a palace, and an arfenal: eleven miles 
fouth-eaft of Spire, and fifteen fouth of Heidelberg. 
BRU'CHUS,/i in zoology, a genus of infedts belong¬ 
ing to the order of coleoptera. The feelers are filiform, 
and club-fliaped ; and they have four palphi placed at the 
extremity of a fliort rotrum. There are (even fpecies, 
viz. 1. The pifi, has grey elytra interfperfed with white 
/pots, and a white fundament with two black (pots. It is 
a native of North America, and deftroys whole fields of 
peafe; it is now found in feveral of the fouthern parts of 
Europe, where it does great injury to t)ie corn. 2. The 
theobromas, with whitifh elytra interfperfed with black 
points. It frequents the theobromae or chocolate-trees in 
the Eaft Indies. 3. The gleditfise, with (Mated elytra of 
the fame length with the belly, a pitch-coloured body, 
and green feelers. It is a native of America. 4. The 
badtris, with fmooth elytra, a hoary body, and the hind 
part of the thighs oval. It frequents the palm-trees of 
Jamaica. 5. The granarius has black elytra ; the fore¬ 
feet are red, and the hind-feet are dentated. It frequents 
the feeds of plants in different parts of Europe. 6. The 
feminarius is black, with the bafe of the feelers and fore¬ 
feet teftaceous. It is about the fize of the pediculus, and 
a native of Europe. 7. The pedticornis, with comb- 
fhaped feelers longer than the body. It is a native of Bar¬ 
bary and China. 
BRUCI'OLI (Anthony), a laborious writer, born at 
Florence towards the conclufion of the fifteenth century. 
Having meddled in 1522 in the plot formed by fome Flo¬ 
rentine citizens againft cardinal Julius de Medicis, after¬ 
wards pope under the name of Clement VII. he was obli¬ 
ged to expatriate himfelf, and withdrew' into France. The 
Medicis being driven out of Florence in 1527, this revo¬ 
lution brought him back to bis country. But the liberty 
witli which he chofe to fpeak againft the monks and priefts, 
raifed a fufpicion of his being attached to the opinions of 
Luther. He was put into prifon, and would not have ef- 
caped an ignominious death but for the kind offices of his 
friends, who procured a mitigation of his punifhment to 
an exile of two years. He then retired to Venice w ith his 
brothers, who were printers and bookfellers, and employ¬ 
ed their prefles in printing the greater part of his works, 
of which the mod known and the mod in reqtieft is the 
whole Bible tranfiated into Italian, with annotations and 
remarks. The mod ample and lcarce edition is that of 
Venice, 1546 and 1548, 3 vols. folio. His other works are,, 
1. Italian tranflations of the Natural Hiftory of Pliny, and 
feveral pieces of Ariftotle and Cicero. 2. Editions of Pe¬ 
trarch and Bocace, with notes. 3. Dialogues, Venice, 
1526, folio. The year of his death is not known. 
BRUCK, a town of Germany, in the circle of Franco¬ 
nia, and principality of Culmbach, on the Rednitz. 
BRUCK, or Brugg, a town of Germany, in the arch¬ 
duchy of Auftria, on the river Leyta. Afparagus grows 
without culture in the environs of the town : twenty-five 
miles eaft of Baden, and twenty eaft-fouth-eaft of Vienna. 
BRUCK, a town of Germany, in the circle of Upper 
Saxony, and eledlorate of Saxony : eight miles north-eaft 
of Belzig, and ten fouth-weft Potzdam. 
BRUCK, or Pruck, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Bavaria and upper palatinate : eighteen miles' north- 
north-eaft of Ratilbon. 
BRUC'KENAU, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
the Upper Rhine, and bifhoprioof Fulda: fourteen miles 
fouth of Fulda. 
BRUCK'LAW, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and county of Reus : eight miles weft- 
north-well of Greitz. 
BRUCKO'BEL, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
the Upper Rhine, and county of Hainau-Munzenborg: 
two miles north of Hanau. 
BRUE'GEL, a town of Upper Guelderland : ten miles 
fouth-eaft of Venloo. 
BRU'EL, 
