454 B R U 
t'cfy. He procured feveral advantages for the royal aca¬ 
demy of painting and fcnlpture at Paris, and formed the 
plan of another for the (indents of his own nation at Rome. 
Scarcely any thing was done for the advancement of the 
fine arts, in which he was not confulted. The king gave 
him the direction of all his works, and particularly of 
his royal manufactory at the Gobelins; he was alfo made 
director and chancellor of the royal academy ; and he 
(hewed the greateft zeal to encourage the fine arts in 
France. Belides his extraordinary talents, his beha¬ 
viour was io genteel, and his addrefs fo pleafing, that he 
attracted the regard .and affeCiion of the whole court of 
France : where, by the places and penfions conferred 
on him by the king, he made a very confiderable figure. 
He died at his lioul'e in the Gobelins in 1690, leaving a 
wife, but no childien. He was author of a curious treatife 
of Phifiognomy; and another on the characters of the 
paffions. The paintings which gained him greateft: repu¬ 
tation, were thofe which he finiflied at Fontainbleau, the 
great ftaircale ;.-t Verfailles, but efpecially the grand gal¬ 
lery there, w hich was the laft of his works, and is faid to 
have taken him up fourteen years. 
BRUN (Lawrence Le), born at Nantes in 1607, died 
St Paris in 1663. He wrote many pieces of Latin poetry. 
The principal are, 1. The Ignatiad, in twelve books : the 
fiibjedt is the pilgrimage of St. Ignatius to Jerufalem. 
Tlds poem forms a part of his Virgilius Chriftianus; in 
which he has imitated, with more piety than tafie, the 
Eclogues, the Georgies, and the _&ineid. His Ovidius 
Chriftianus is in the fame (train ; the Heroic Epiftles are 
changed into pafioral letters, the Triftibus into holy lamen¬ 
tations, and the Metamorpliofes into fiories of converted 
penitents. By pere le Brim is alfo, L’Eloquence poetique, 
Paris, 1653, 4to. 
BRUN, Bran, Brown, Bourn, Burn, are all de¬ 
rived from the Saxon born, bourn, brunna, burna ; all fig- 
nifying a river or brook. 
BRUN'CA (La), a feaport town on the weft coaft of 
theifiandof Sicily, at the entrance of the Gulf of Catania: 
fixteen miles fouth of Catania. 
BRUNDl'SIUM, or Brundusium, anciently a town 
of Calabria, with tlie beft harbour in Italy. It belonged 
originally to the Salentines; hut was taken by the Romans 
about 256 years before Chrift. Now Brindisi. 
BRUNEL'LA,y. in botany. See Prunella. 
BRU'NET, a (mall ifiand near the fouth coaft of New¬ 
foundland, at the entrance into Fortune Bay. Lat. 47. 13. 
N. Ion. 55. 4. W. Greenwich. 
BRUNET'TE, J. [brunette, Fr.] A woman with a 
brown complexion.—Your fair women therefore thought 
of this fafliion, to infult the olives and the brunettes. Ad- 
difon. 
BRUNET'TE (La), a ftrong fortrefs of Piedmont, near 
the town of Sufa. By an article in the peace concluded 
between the French republic and the king of Sardinia, in 
April, 1796, this fortrefs was to be difmantled. 
BRUNFEL'SI A,f. [fo named by Plunder from Otho 
or Otto Brunfe/Jius, of Mentz, firft a Carthufian monk, and 
afterwards a phy lician. He publiftied the firft good figures 
of plants.in 1530, and died in 1534-] In botany, a genus 
of the clafs didynamia, order angiofpermia, natural order 
perfonatae. The generic characters are—Calyx : perian- 
thium one-lcafed, bell-ftiaped, five-toothed, obtufe, very 
final!, permanent. Corolla: one-petalled, funnel-form; 
tube very long, (lightly curved inwards ; border flat, five- 
cleft, blunt. Stamina: filaments four, very fhort; an- 
therae oblong, upright; two a little higher than the others, 
prominent from the mouth of the tube. Piflillum : germ 
iroundilh, fmall; ftyle filiform, the length of the tube; 
ftigma thickifh. Pericarpium: capftile berried on the 
outfide, globular, one-celled, two-valved. Seeds: very 
many, comp re fled, convex on one fide, angular on the 
other, rugged with dots ; receptacle faftened to the bot¬ 
tom of the cnpfule, chaffy : chaffs coadunate, fubulate at 
the tip, feparatiog the feeds.— EJfenlial Charatter . Calyx, 
B R U 
five-toothed, narrow; corolla, with- a very long tube; 
capfule one-celled, many-leeaed, with a very large fleftiy 
conceptacle. 
Species. 1. Brunfelfia Americana : leaves elliptic acu¬ 
minate, on longer petioles ; tube of the corolla ereCt, bor¬ 
der entire._ This is a tree growing from ten to fifteen feet 
high: Miller gives eight or ten feet, and Browne only 
five or fix, tor the height. The trunk is fmooth and even, 
and the branches loofe ; leaves alternate, entire, fmooth, 
fomewhat Alining ; flowers axillary and terminating; the 
fruit green, with a red conceptacle. According to Mr. 
Miller, the leaves are unequal in fize, on the lower part 
of the branches coming out (ingle, but towards the extre¬ 
mity placed on every fide ; the flowers are produced gene¬ 
rally three or four together ; the tube is very long, nar¬ 
row, and hairy ; the brim is expanded in the form of the 
great bindweed, and is almoft as large. It grows natu¬ 
rally in Jamaica and mod of the (ugar-iflands in the Weft 
Indies, where they Call it trumpet-flower. It was culti¬ 
vated by Miller in 1739, and flowers with us in June and' 
July, but in Jamaica it flowers in the fpring. 
2. Brunfelfia undulata : leaves lanceolate-ovate, drawn 
to a point at both ends, petioles very ftiort; tube of the 
corolla curved, border waved. This alfo is a native of 
Jamaica. 
Propagation and Culture. Thefe plants may be propa¬ 
gated from feeds, which (liould be fown early in the fpring 
in pots filled with light earth, and plunged into a hot-bed 
of tanners’'bark, obferving to water the earth as often as 
you find it neceflary. When the plants are come up, they 
(hould be tranfplanted eacli into a feparate fmall pot filled 
with frefti light earth, and plunged into the hot-bed again, 
obferving to water and (hade the plants until they have 
taken root ; after which they mud have air admitted to 
them every day, in proportion to the warmth of the fea- 
lon. When the plants have advanced fo high as not to 
be contained in the frames, they (liould be removed into 
the bark-ftove, where, during the fummer months, they 
(liould have a large (hare of Tree air, but in winter they 
mud be kept very clofe. With this management the plants 
will be very ftrong, and produce their flowers every fea- 
fon. Thefe plants may alio be increafed by planting cut¬ 
tings in the fpring, before they begin to make new (hoots, 
in pots filled with frefli light earth, and plunged into a 
hot-bed of tanners’ bark, obferving to water and lhade 
them until they have taken root; after which, they mu ft 
be managed as has been directed for other tender exotic 
plants from the fame countries. 
BRU'NI (Anthony), a native of Cafal-Nuovo in Italy, 
was called to the court of the duke d’Urbino, who ap¬ 
pointed him counfellor and fecretary of ftate. His gen- 
tlenefs, good humour, and friendlinefs, caufed his compa¬ 
ny to be much fought after by both the learned and the 
great. He died September 24, 1635. This poet left he¬ 
roic epiftles in umo. mifcellaneous pieces ; lyric verfes ; 
tragedies ; and paftorals. The edition of his heroic epif¬ 
tles, given at Venice in 1636, with an engraving to each 
epiltle, is much in requeft, becaufe thefe figures were ex¬ 
ecuted from the deligns of Dominichino, and other able 
artifts. 
BRU'NIA,yi [faid to be named from Cornelius Brun, a 
traveller into the Levant and Rufiia, at the end of the fe- 
venteenth and beginning of the eighteenth century.] In 
botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, order monogynia-, 
natural order aggregatas. The generic characters are— 
Calyx : perianthium common, roundilh, imbricate, many- 
floivered ; leaflets ovate-oblong; proper five-leaved, in¬ 
ferior; leaflets oblong, villofe. Corolla: petals five; 
claws (lender; borders roundifli, fpreading. Stamina: fi- 
laments-five, capillary, inferted into the claws of the pe¬ 
tals ; antherae ovate-oblong. Piflillum: germ very fmall, 
fuperior; ftyle fimple, cylindric ; (tigma obtufe. Recep- 
taculum : common, hairy.— EJJchtial CharaEler. Flowers 
aggregate ; filaments inferted into the claws of the petals; 
ftigma bifid ; feeds folitary, two-celled. 
Species , 
