B R U 
Species. i. Brunia lunuginofa, or heath-leaved brunia: 
leaves linear, Cpreading, callous at The end. The Item is 
about a foot high, aud llmibby ; leaves linear-filiform, 
fmooth, (hort, with black- tips ; flowers while, borne in 
heads. It was introduced in 17.74, by Mr. F, Malibu. 
2. Brunia ciliata, or ciiiate-leaved brunia : leaves ovate, 
acuminate, c-iliate. The germ fuperior, flyle bifid. 
3. Brunia verticil lata, or vvhorled brunia : leaves three- 
cornered, branchlets in whorls faftigiate,' heads terminat¬ 
ing, lmooth. Heads frnall, not globular. They are all 
fhrubs, and inhabitants pf the Cape. This was found 
there by Tlnmberg. For the other fpecies, fee Levisa- 
NUS. 
BRU'NIQJJEL, a town of France, in the department 
of the Lot, and chief place of a canton, in the ditlricl of 
Montauban : eight leagues fouth-foitth-eaft of Cahors. 
BRUNN, a town of Germany, in the archduchy of 
Auftria : four miles weft of Horn. 
BRUNN, a town of Germany, in the archduchy of 
Aullria : eight miles weft of Ebnfurth. 
BRUNN, or Brno, or Brinn, a city, the capital of a 
circle to which it gives name; the fecond town in rank, 
and firft in commerce, of the marquifite of Moravia, fitu- 
ated at the conifux of the rivers Schwartfchaw and Su- 
ratwa. It is not large, but populous. There are manu¬ 
factures of cloth, velvets, and plufli. The diets of the 
flate are held here, alternately w ith - Olmutz. It is defend¬ 
ed by a llrong fortrefs called Spilbag, built on an eminence 
near the town : the Prufilans laid liege to it in the year 
3742, but were compelled to abandon the enterprife: 
thirty-two miles fouth-wefl of Olmutz, 100 fouth-eafl of 
Prague, and 156 fouth-eafl of Drefden. 
BRUNN, a circle of Moravia, bounded on the north 
by Bohemia, on the eaft by the circle of Olmutz and Har- 
difh, on the fouth by Aullria, and on the weft by the cir¬ 
cle of Iglau and Znayni. In it are many iron mines and 
forges, medicinal fprings, quarries of marble, glafs-houfes, 
and alum-works. It is faid to contain leventy towns, and 
above 2®,871 hottfes. Brunn is the capital. 
BRUN'NEN, a populous town of Swifferland, in the 
canton of Schwitz, on the lake of the Four Cantons, 
where the deputies of the Catholic cantons alfembled. 
Here it was that the cantons of Uri, Schwitz, and Un- 
derwalden, formed a perpetual alliance, which was the 
foundation of the Swifs republic : two miles and a half 
fouth-weft of Schwitz. 
BRU'NO (Jordano), a lingular atheiftical writer, born 
at Nola, in Italy. About the year 1582, he began to call 
in queftion the tenets of the Romifh church, which occa- 
(ioned his retiring to Geneva. After two years ftay here, 
he expreU’ed his diflike to Calvinifrn in fuch a manner, 
that he was expelled the city. He went firfl to Lyons, af¬ 
terwards to Touloufe, and then to Paris, where he was 
made profelfor extraordinary, becaufe the ordinary pro- 
feiTors were obliged to aiTilt at mafs. From Paris he came 
to London, and contained two years in the houfe of M. 
Caftlenau the French ambaffador. He was very well re¬ 
ceived by queen Elizabeth and the politer part of the court. 
His principal friends were Sir Philip Sidney and Sir Fulke 
Greville. At Sir Philip’s requeft, he compofed his Spac- 
cio della Beftia Triumphante; which was printed in Svo. 
in 1584, and dedicated to that gentleman. From England 
he removed to Wittemberg, where he was profelfor for 
the fpace of two years more. He next went to Prague, 
and printed in that city fome trails, in which he openly 
difcovered his atheiftical principles. After vifiting fome 
other towns of Germany, he made a tour to Venice, where 
he was apprehended by order of the inquifition, tried, and 
convicted of his errors. Forty days being allowed him to 
deliberate, he promifed to retraCt them. At the expira¬ 
tion of that term, he (fill maintained his errors, and ob¬ 
tained a further refpite for forty days. At laft, it appear¬ 
ing that he impoled upon the pope in order to prolong his 
life, fentence was finally palled upon him on the 9th of 
February 1600. Pie made no offer to retraCt during the 
week that was allowed him afterwards for that purpofe, 
but underwent Iris punilhment on the 17th, by being burnt 
at a (take. “Nothing more furprifed the learned in Eng¬ 
land than the price which the above-mentioned book, in¬ 
tituled, Spaccio della Beftia Triumphante, bore in a late 
auction. This book was fold for thirty pounds. As it 
was written with a defign to depreciate religion, every one 
was apt to fancy, from the extravagant price it bore, that 
there muff be fomething in it very formidable. The con¬ 
trary however is the. fact, as will appear in the following 
account ot the whole plan upon which this wonderful trea- 
tife is built. The author pretends, that Jupiter once upon 
a time refolved on a reformation of the conftellations; for 
which purpofe having funimoned the (tars together, he 
complains to them of the great decay of the worlhip of 
the gods, which he thought fo much the harder, having 
called-fevcral of thofe celeftial bodies by the names of tire 
heathen deities, and, by that means, made the heavens, 
as it were, a book of the pagan theology. Momus tells 
him, that it is not to be wondeted at, fince there were fo 
many fcandalous (lories of the deities: upon which the 
author takes occafion to caff refleclions upon all other re¬ 
ligions, concluding that Jupiter, after a full hearing, dif- 
carded the deities out of heaven, and called the ftars by 
the names of moral virtues. This (hort fable, which has 
no pretence in it to reaton or argument, and but a very 
ftp all (hare of wit, has however recommended itfelf 
wholly by its impiety to thofe weak men, -who would dif- 
tinguifli themfelves by the (angularity of their opinions.” 
Spectator, No, 389. 
BRU'NO, a river of Italy, which runs into the Jake of 
Caftiglioni, near Buriano, in the duchy of Tufcany. 
BRUNOY', a town of France, in the department of the 
Seine and Oife, and chief-place of a canton, in the diftriCt 
of Corbeil : two leagues north of Curbed. 
BR.UNS' : BERG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Weflphalia, belonging to the abbey of Corvey : four miles 
weft-north-weft of Hochfter. 
BRUNS'BUTTEL, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Lower Saxony, and duchy of Holftein, on the north 
lide of the Elbe : forty miles north-weft of Hamburg, and 
ten north-welt of Glucldtadt. 
BRUNSFEL'SI A,f. in botany. See Brunfelsia. 
BRUN'STATT, a town of France, in the department 
of the Upper Rhine, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of Altkirch : leven miles north of Altkirch. 
BRUNSVI'GIA,_/i in botany. See Amaryllis. 
BRUNS'WICK, a country of Germany, in the circle 
of Lower Saxony, with the title of duchy ; bounded on 
the north by Luneburg, on the eaft by Magdeburg, Hal- 
berftadt, and Anhalt, on the fouth by Thuringia and Heffe, 
and on the weft by Minden, Hoya, and Lippe ; Brunf- 
wick is the capital. Authors include likewife under the 
name of Brunfvyick all that the princes of this houfe polfefs 
in Lower Saxony, where they form different branches ; 
fuch are the duchies and territories of Luneburg, Gottin, 
gen, Grubenhagen, Calenberg, Wolfenbuttel, Hanover, 
Zell, Ultzen, Danneberg, Marpurg, Gift horn, Eimbech, 
and Hamelen. The country is good and fertile ; there are 
many mines, plenty of game, and abundance of corn : the 
principal rivers are the Wefer, Ocker, Leyne, Ilmenau, 
and Viper: there are a number of medicinal fprings, large 
forefts, and plenty of all the neceflaries of life : commerce 
and manufactures were once flourifhing, but the German 
wars of the feventeenth century produced a great change ; 
and this country fuftered as much or more than any other 
part of the empire. 
BRUNS'WICK, a city of Germany, and capital of the 
duchy of the fame name, in the circle of Lower Saxony, 
and refidence of the prince of Brunfwick-Wolfenbuttel, 
is fituated on the Ocker; faid to have been built in the 
year 868 by Bruno fon of Adolphus duke of Saxony ; 
lince that greatly enlarged by Henry the Fowler, and di¬ 
vers other princes. The form is nearly fquare, and mea- 
fures two miles in circumference ; it contains five or lix 
fqua res. 
