B U C E R O S. 
430 
•eves, thence'runs down the cheeks, and entirely inclofes 
the throat, forming a kind of wrinkled pouch; this (kin 
was painted yellow in the fpecimen examined by Vaillant, 
but whether t hat be its natural colour is uncertain. There 
are arched lathes on the upper eyelid. The front and top 
of the head, and thofe long feathers which form a pendent 
1 1 eft, are reddith brown, which colour weakens on the 
(ides till.it .melts into a faint dun-colour. The neck is 
covered with fmall.feathers, which are white inclining to 
rufous; this colour ftretches to the bread in front, but 
terminates higher up behind. The tail is fomewhat 
rounded at the tip, and of tire fame colour with the neck. 
The mantle, back, rump, wip.'gs, bread, (ides, and belly, 
and indeed the generality of the plumage, are black with 
a greenifli glofs. The feet are very ftrong, covered with 
large browhifli feales; the nails are dirty white, and iimi- 
lar in form to thofe of the reft of the hornbills. The 
wings are very large; when folded up. they reach nearly 
f>< the middle of the tail; a circumftance not common in 
th is genus. This bird is in the cabinet of M. Temminck 
at Atndsrdant; it came-from Batavia, accompanied only 
by a note, that it was called in that country jaar-vogd, 
year-bird; front which it is prefumed, that it is a bird of 
padage in Java, and arrives there about the beginning of 
the year. See Plate I IT. fig. i. 
16. Buceros Gingala, the Gingala hornbill. Specific 
character, no helmet. This is alfo a newly-difcovered 
fpecies. It is didinguilhed by a beautiful flowing creft, 
which falls down in a tuft behind, dtading the back of 
the neck aimed entirely. No hornbill has a cred fo ele¬ 
gant and fo large, though the bird itfelf is not fo large as 
our common magpie. The bill of this fmall fpecies is 
very large and drong in proportion to the fize of the 
bird: it is three inches long, and more than half that 
thicknefs at the bafe; the mandibles are much arched, 
and ferrated. The nodrils, almod concealed among the 
fl-iff hairs, are near the forehead. The eyes are furniftied 
with a row of convex ladies. The wings when (hut in 
reach only to the fetting-on of.the tail. Each mandible 
is half black and half white in longitudinal dripes. The 
top of the head, the cred, all the back of the neck, as 
well as the mantle and the feathers of the upper tail- 
coverts, are dark brown (haded with grey and bluifh. 
The wings are bluifh grey; each feather of the upper 
wing-coverts is tipped with a narrow line of black, which 
makes an agreeable appearance of feales, though upon 
the whole the colours of this bird are not very driking. 
The under wing-coverts are white, as are fome of the 
inner barbs of the great feathers. The face, throat, and 
front of the neck as far as the bread, are white (lightly 
fnaded with grey : the fame colour, growing darker by de¬ 
grees, pervades all the red of the under parts of the body. 
Thofe parts of the tail which are above of a bluifh grey, 
are beneath of a faint black. The eyelafhes are black ; 
the nails, and the broad feales of the feet, brown. This 
fpecies inhabits Ceylon. See Plate III. fig. 2. 
17. Buceros longibandus, the long-driped hornbill. 
Specific character, alternate dripes of black aful white 
along the tail; a hejmet on the bill. This fpecies is not 
larger than a magpie. The helmet extends about two- 
thirds the length of the upper mandible, not rifing more 
than two or three lines at mod. The mandibles are thick, 
1 arched, and ferrated on their edges. The end of the bill, 
namely, beyond the helmet, is of a red-brown, growing 
fainter on the edges of each mandible, and marking the 
joining of the helmet with the upper mandible, which 
alfo is interfedted through its whole length by a line of 
the fame colour which pades through the nodrils; the 
red of the bill and helmet are pale yellow, with fome 
flight furrows or indentions. The tail is as long as the 
body, and (lightly tapered ; the wings are nmch'fhorter. In 
other particulars it differs little from the red of the 
genus. 
r8. Buceros coronatus, the crowned hornbill. Helmet 
as in the preceding, that and the hill entirely red ; a 
white dripe partly encircles the head, within which the 
feathers are long. This new fpecies was difeovered by 
Vaillant in the fourh of Africa. He' calls it crowned , b’e- 
caufe a white line or dripe runs from the upper part of' 
the eye, over the ears, and goes round the hind head 
near the nape of the neck ; and within this line the fea¬ 
thers on the hind head are long enough to form a kind of 
tuIt or crown, which makes the defignation verv proper, 
3 lie tail is as long as the body, and tapered more than 
the preceding. The wings reach very little beyond the 
upper tail-coverts. The bill is ferrated. The whole 
bird is fomewhai lefs than the preceding ; and the plu¬ 
mage moftly black like it ; the tail feathers are black, 
but white at the ips : all the under parts, from the 
bread to the undei tail-coverts, are white, the throat and 
breadbeing black like-nearly all the upper furface. The 
bill is red; feet brownifh black: eyes dun-colour. This 
fpecies frequents the whole coaft to the ead of the fouth 
of Africa, from the Little and Great Salt Rivers (Klyn 
Brae and Groote Brae) to the country of the Cadies. It 
frequents great foreds, perching on the larged trees, but. 
preferring a dead branch. They are gregarious, and feed 
on infedts,' and on carrion, which they feek in company 
with the crows and vultures. This bird has two cries 
one is, cree cree cree, kee kee kee, which it repeats inceilantly 
as it flies, exactly like our keflrel; the other is a grave 
found, cou, which it utters often on the perch. They 
neflle in holes of trees, and the female lays four white 
eggs. 
19. Buceros albus, the white hornbill; about the fize 
of a goofe, wholly fnow white, except the bill and legs, 
which are black; the beak curved, and of great length 
and thicknefs. This bird was caught between the illands 
of Tinian and Pnlotimoen. It was firft deferibed in 
Hawkefworth’s Voyages; and was kept alive four months 
on-board, and fed on bifeuit, after which it died. See 
Plate IV. 
20. Buceros hydrocorax, the Indian hornbill: about 
two feet four inches long ; the bill eight inches, and two 
inches and a half thick at its origin; it is blackifli cine¬ 
reous, and fupports an excrefcence, flat before, and 
rounded to the upper fide of the head. It has large eyes, 
and its afpeft is difagreeable; the fides of the head, the 
wings, and the throat, are black; the quills of the tail 
are whitifli grey ; all the reft of the plumage is variegated 
with brov.-n, grey, and fulvous; the feet are brown grey, 
and the bill blackifli. Thefe birds live on fruits, parti¬ 
cularly nutmegs, to which they prove very deftruftive ; 
but that food communicates to the flefli, which is tender 
and delicate, an aromatic odour, that renders it extremely 
grateful to the palate. This bird inhabits the Molucca 
illes, where it is domefticaled by the natives, and trained 
to catch rats and mice. See the head on Plate IV. 
21. Buceros obfcurus, the wreathed hornbill. Protu¬ 
berance rounded above; (even or eight lobed ; body 
black; tail-feathers white. Inhabits New Guinea and 
Ceylon : fize of a crow. 
22. Buceros Gingianus, the Gingi hornbill. Bill bent, 
comprefled laterally ; protuberance pointed ; body above 
green, beneatli white. Inhabits the Carnatic; two feet 
long. 
23. Buceros orientalis, the eaftern hornbill. Bill con¬ 
vex, keeled above, protuberant at the bafe ; orbits naked, 
wrinkled, cinereous ; body blackifli. Inhabits New Hol¬ 
land ; nearly as large as a jay. 
24. Buceros grifeus, the grey hornbill. Protuberance 
(loping before, abrupt behind ; body grey. This alfo in¬ 
habits New Holland. 
25. Buceros viridis, the green hornbill. Protuberance 
abrupt; body black; wings greenifli. Bill yeilowifli, a 
naked whitifli-blue fpot at the bafe of the under mandible : 
outer tail-feathers; bafe of the quill-feathers, and belly, 
white: legs bluilu, 
BUCHAN'* 
