BUD 
his trenches were opened, when a furious bombardment 
began. By the 24th, three breaches were made, and fe- 
veral times the town was fet on fire. Schoning', the Bran¬ 
denburg general, led the firli attack, which proved fatal, 
from the many mines fprung. The elector, with the 
rinces Louis and Eugene, attacked in another place, and 
y their great intrepidity the place was carried. The 
duke then fent to fummon the bafha, offering him honour¬ 
able terms, which the other rejected. Three thoufand 
Turks, that made a fally on the 27th of July, did confi- 
derable damage; and prince Eugene had a horfe killed 
under hint in the fkirmifh. The fame day, a breach that 
was made in the cattle was attacked by the befiegers ; 
they entered it twice fword in hand, but they were as of¬ 
ten repulfed, with the lofs of 500 tnen, among whom 
were the counts of Stahrenberg, Heberfrein, and Kaunitz ; 
the princes Eugene, and Louis of Baden, were (lightly 
wounded. At laft the befiegers had puttied their attack 
fo far, that every thing was ready for a general a (fault, 
which, after ail means to make the bafha furrender had 
been inetfeftual, was carried into effect with great fury. 
The city was taken and facked, and the bafha was found 
dead on the breach, having killed himfelf rather than 
live to be a witnefs of the bloodfhed his refolution had oc- 
cafioned. The German foldiers, enraged againft the Turks 
for their obttinate refifiance, had no refpeCt to age or fex, 
but exerted their vengeance on every Mahometan they 
met, till the duke of Lorrain and the elector put an end 
to the further (bedding of blood. In the year 1770, in 
the war between the Ruffians and Turks, the Tartars 
paffing the Niefter, near Balta, began to carry their rava¬ 
ges into Poland, but were repulfed at the firfl onfet. Ne- 
verthelefs, on the s6th of March, they rallied again, and 
endeavoured to regain their own frontiers; but a Ruffian 
detachment, commanded by captain S,tukulow, coming up 
witli them near Buda, attacked and defeated them; feized 
their camp, and took all their baggage. A fultan, two 
rnirzas, and 326 private men, were killed on the fpot, and 
362 Chriffians and Jews were refcued from flavery. The' 
warm baths of Buda are faid to be fome of the molt mag¬ 
nificent in Europe. From the grapes growing on the 
neighbouring hills is made a red wine in great eftimation. 
It is 125 miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Vienna, and 150 north- 
north-weft of Belgrade. 
BU'DA, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of 
Wilna : eighty miles eaft of Wilna. 
BUD^T'US (William), defcended of an ancient and 
illuftrious family, was born at Paris in 1467. He was 
placed young under mafters ; but barbarifm prevailed fo 
much in the fchools of Paris, that he took an utter diflike 
to them. He was then fent to the univerfity of Orleans 
to ftudy law, where he paffed three years without adding 
to his knowledge; for his parents, fending for him back 
to Paris, found his ignorance no lefs than before, and his 
reluctance to ftudy, and love of gaming and other plea- 
fures, much greater. They talked no more to him of 
learning of any kind; and, as he was heir to a large for¬ 
tune, left him to follow his inclinations. He was pallion- 
ately fond of hunting, and took great pleafure in horfes, 
dogs, and hawks. The fire of youth beginning to cool, 
and his ufual pleafures to pall upon his fenfes, he was 
fuddenly feized with an irrefiftible paffion for ftudy. He 
immediately difpofed of bis hunting equipage, and even 
abftrafted himfelf from all bufinefs, to apply wholly to 
letters; in which he made,, without any aftiftance, a very 
rapid and amazing progrefs, particularly in the Latin and 
Greek languages. The work which gained him greatelf 
reputation was his treatife De Alfe. His erudition and 
high birth were not his only advantages : he had an tin- 
common (hare of piety, modefty, gentlenefs, and good 
breeding. He took a lingular pleafure -in ferving his 
friends, and procuring eftablifhments for.men of letters. 
Francis I. often fent for him; and, at his perfttafion, and 
that of du Bellay, founded the royal college of France, 
for teaching tlje languages and fciences. The king fent 
Vol.IIL No. 143. 
BUD 4S9 
hint to Rome in character of his ambaffador to Leo X. 
and in 1522 made him mafter of requefts. The fame year 
he was chofen proved of the merchants. He died at Paris 
in 1546, and left four fons and two daughters. His works, 
printed at Bal'd in 1557,-make four volumes folio. 
BUDARIN', a town of Ruffian Tartary, in the govern¬ 
ment of Caucafus, on the weft fide of the Ural: thirty-fix 
miles fouth-fouth-weft of Uralfk. 
BUDAWUR', a town of Hindooftan, in the country of 
Malvva : 240 miles S. of Delhi, and 132 N. E. of Oudein. 
BUDAYE'ON, a town of Hindooftan, in the country 
of Oude: twenty-four miles fouth-weft of Bereilly, and 
feventy north-eaft of Agra. 
BUDD.ffi'US (John Francis), born at Anclan in Pome¬ 
rania in 1667, was profeffor of Greek and Latin at Co- 
bourg, of morality and civil law at Halle, and of theology 
at Jena, where he died in 1729, at the age of fixty-two. 
His audience was always very numerous. He was clear, 
methodical, and an enemy to the jargon of the fchools. 
Notwithftanding the bufinefs of his profefforlhip, he fo 
well economifed his time, that he found leifure to keep 
up a very extenfive correfpondence, to preach once a fort¬ 
night, and to compofe a variety of works. He wrote, 
1. Elementa Philofophise prafTticas iiiftrumentalis et theo- 
reticag, 3 vols. 8vo. in high repute at the German univer- 
Hties. 2. A Syftem of Theology, not lefs efteented, 2 vols.. 
4to. 3. The grand German Hiftorical Dictionary, printed 
feveral times at Leipfic and Bade, in 2 vols. folio. 4. A 
Treatife on Atheifm and Superftition, 1717, 8vo. 5. Seve¬ 
ral other works on the Scriptures. 
BUDDAKA'NO, a town of Hindooftan, in the country 
of Agimere : eighty-feven miles weft of Oudipour, and 
one hundred north of Amedabad. 
BUD'DENBORG, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Weftphalia, and county of Marck: two miles north- 
weft of Lunen. 
BUD'DESDALE. See Botesdale. 
BUD'DING, f. in gardening. See Inoculating. 
BUD'DLE, j. in mineralogy, a large fquare frame of 
boards, ufed in waffling the tin ore. 
BUDDLE'A, /. [fo named by Dr. Houftoun, from 
Adam Buddie , who is often mentioned in Ray’s Synopfis. 
His dried collection of Britilh plants is preierved in the 
Britifh Mufeum.] In botany, a genus of the clafs tetran- 
dria, order monogynia, natural order perfonatae. The 
generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium very fmall, 
four-cleft, acute, erect, permanent. Corolla : monopeta- 
lous, bell-form, four-cleft half-way, erect, three times 
greater than the calyx ; divifions ovate, ftraigh', acute. 
Stamina: filaments four, very fhort, placed at the divi¬ 
fions of the corolla ; antlierae very (hort, funple. Piftil- 
lum : germ ovate ; (tyle fimple, (horter by half than the 
corolla ; ftigma obtufe. Pericarpiuni: capfule ovate, ob¬ 
long, two-furrowed, two-celled. Seeds: numerous, ex¬ 
tremely minute, adhering to a fungous receptacle.— EJfen- 
tial Charatler . Calyx, four-cleft. Corolla, four-cleft. Sta¬ 
mina, from the divifions. Capfule, two-furrowed, two- 
celled, mahy-feeded. 
Species. 1. Buddlea' Americana, or long-fpiked buddlea: 
leaves ovate. This is a fhrub the height of a man, 
(Browne fays, four feet or better;) branched, and all over 
hoary: leaves ovate-lanceolate, oppofite, ferrate: flowers 
in long (lender fpikes, axillary and terminating; compo- 
fed of little, oppofite, many-flowered, crowded, racemes. 
Sloane fays, that it rifes to nine or ten, and Miller, ten or 
twelve, feet in height, with a thick fteni; covered with a 
grey bark, and fending out many oppofite branches to¬ 
wards the top ; that the leaves are covered with a brown 
hairy down ; and that it was fent him by Dr. Houftoun, 
from Jamaica, in 1730. Browne informs us, that it is 
ufed in emollient baths and fomentations, and is thought 
to have all the properties of mullein. Swartz doubts 
whether it be different from the next fpecies. 
2. Buddleaoccidentalis, or fpear-leaved buddlea: leaves 
lanceolate. This fort rifes much taller than' the firft, and 
6 I divides 
