49.6 B U L 
melons are in great eftimation, though it produce’s little 
other fruit. The country is divided into feveral hates, 
each governed by a khan, or prince ; but the number of 
inhabitants, bounds, dimenfions, and many other circum- 
ftances, are unknown to Europeans. Yarkian is the capital. 
BljKHAlRIA, or Bokhara, the capital city-of Great 
Bukharia, above-defcribed ; (imated on a. river which 
runs into the Gihon, the water of which is faid to breed 
worms in the legs of thole who drink it. The houfes are 
in general built of earth, but the public buildings are of 
Rone. jenghis Khan, who conquered both the Bukharias 
from the Arabs, left the empire of them to his fon J a gat ay 
Khan. He died in 1240, and left the government to his 
fon Kara Kulaku, and of Little Bukharia to another call¬ 
ed Amul Khoja Khan. A long fucceffion of khans is enu¬ 
merated in each of thefe families, but their hiftory con¬ 
tains no very interefting particulars. They are long fince 
•extinct, and the Kalmuc Tartars are mailers of the coun¬ 
try. The inhabitants carry on great trade with the Ruf¬ 
fians and the Perfians : 100 miles welt of Samarcand. Lat. 
39. 23-. N. Ion. 61. 56. E. Greenwich. 
BU'KI, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of Kiov : 
-forty-four miles fouth of Bialacerkiewl 
BUKOyiT'ZEl, a town of Croatia: fourteen miles 
fout.h-ealt of Carlttadt. 
BU'KOW, a town of Germany, in the circle of Low er 
■Saxony, and duchy of Mecklenburg : fixteen miles north- 
■eaft of Wifinar. 
BUKUK UN'S KOI KA'MEN, a fortrefs of Siberia: 
120 miles fouth-weltof Doroninlk. 
BUKUPIENICK', a town of Poland, in the palatinate 
of Lublin : twenty-two miles fouth.of Lublin. 
BUL, f in the ancient Hebrew chronology, the eighth 
month ot the ecclefialtical, and the fecond of the civil, 
year ; it has fince been called Elarjhevar., and anfwers to 
.our October. ■ 1 
BU'LAC, a town of Egypt, and the port of Grand 
Cairo, on the Nile, where velfels which bring goods to 
that city abide. ft contains a cuftom-hcufe, magazines, 
and a large bazar : two miles weft of Cairo. 
BULACAN', a province of the ifland of Lucon, or 
Manilla. 
BU'LACH, a town of Swifterland, in the canton of 
"Zurich. This town entered into an alliance witii Zurich, 
■m 1407. The inhabitants are Proteftants : eight miles north 
of Zurich. 
BU'LACH, a town of Germany, in the circle of Swa¬ 
bia, and duchy of Wurtemberg : in the bailiwic annexed 
is a mountain, in which are found copper and iron ores : 
twenty miles weft-fouth-weft of Stuttgart, and four fouth- 
weft of Calw. 
BULA'FO,/ A mufica) inftrument, confifting of fe¬ 
veral pipes of wood tied together with thongs of leather, 
To as to form a final] interftice between each pipe. It is 
•ufed by the negroes of Guinea. 
BULAL', a town of Africa, in the country of Gambia. 
BULAM', an ifland in the Atlantic, near the coaft of 
Africa, a league and a half from the continent, about eight 
leagues long and three broad, at the month of the Rio 
Grande; an Englilh fettlement was attempted here, but 
was deftroyed by the Africans from the continent, who 
murdered fome, and compelled the reft to depart, and take 
irefuge in the fettlement of Sierra Leona. 
BULAR'CHUS, a Greek painter ; the firft who intro¬ 
duced (among the Greeks atleaft) different colours in the 
fame pitture. He flouriflied 740 B. C. 
BULARSKAI'A, a town of Siberia, on the fouth fide 
of the Irtifch, oppolite Tobolfk. 
BULB,/ (from bulbus, Lat.] A round body or root.— 
If we confider the bulb, or ball of the eye, the exterior 
membrane, or coat thereof, is made thick, tough, or ftrong, 
that it is a very hard matter to make a rupture in it. Ray. 
In botany, Linnaeus defines it a bulb to be a fpecies of 
hybernaculum, produced upon the defeending caudex or 
root; confifting of ftipuLe, petioli, the rudiments of the 
BUL 
former leaves, and feales or bark. To elucidate this it 
is proper to remark, that every bud contains, in miniature 
or embryo, a plant, in every tefpeft fimilar to the parent 
plant upon w hich it is, feated. Plants therefore are per¬ 
petuated in the buds, as well as in the feeds ; and the’ fpe¬ 
cies may be renewed with equal efficacy in either way. 
The tender rudiments of the future vegetable of which 
the bud is compofed, are incloled, and during the ieve- 
rity of winter defended from cold and other external inju¬ 
ries, by a hard bark or rind which generally confifts of a 
number of leales placed over each other like tiles, and 
fattened together by means of a tenaceous, refinous, and 
frequently odoriferous, fubftance. Tims defended, the 
buds remain upon different parts of the mother plant till 
the enfuing ipring ; and are, therefore, with great pro¬ 
priety, denominated by Linnaeus the hybernaculum or win¬ 
ter-quarters of the future vegetable. With refped to 
their place, buds are (ituated either upon the Item and 
branches, or upon the roots : the former are ftyled gemma, 
or buds properly fo cailed; but, as they (ublift for 
feveral years by their roots, may be furnifhed with the 
other fpecies of hybernaculum called bulbs, which, accord¬ 
ing to the definition, are feated upon the defeending caudex 
or root. In bulbous plants, as the tulip, onion, or lily, 
whaf we generally cali the root, is in fact a bulb or hyber¬ 
naculum, which inclofes and fecures the embryo or future 
(hoot. See Botany, 
BULBA'CEQUS, adj. { bulbaceus , Lat.] The fame 
with Bulbous. 
BUL'BINE, /. in botany. See Anthericum and 
Crinum. 
BULBOC AS'TANUM,/ [SoxG©-,a bulb, and *fis r « va> 
a chefnut.] In botanv, the earth-nut or pig-nut, fo called 
from its bulbous appearance. See Bunium and Ch^ero- 
PHYLLUM. 
BULBOCO'DIUM, f. [ 0 o*6**, a bulb, and *»hov 9 
wool.] Mountain Saffron. In botany, a genus of 
the dais hexandria, order monogynia. The generic cha¬ 
racters are—Calyx; none. Corolla: hexapetalous, fun¬ 
nel-form; claws very long, linear; throat connecting the 
petals; border ereCt; petals lanceolate, concave. Sta¬ 
mina: filaments fix, tubulate, inferted into the claws of 
thepetals; antherae incumbent. Piftillum : germ ovate- 
fubttlate, obtnfely three-coi nered, fuperior; ftyle filiform, 
the length of the ftamens; ftigmas three, oblong, ereCt, 
channelled. Pericarpium': capfule triangular, acuminate, 
angles obteure, three-celled. Seeds : numerous.— EJfen- 
tial Character. Corolla, funnel-form, hexapetalous, with 
narrow claws bearing the ftamens ; capfule fuperior. 
Only one fpecies, known by the name of 6ulbocodium 
vernum, 01 fpring-flowering bulbocodium : leaves lance¬ 
olate. The bulb or hybernacle, commonly called the root, 
refembles that of the common colchicum in (hape, but is 
much fmaller; it is covered with a dark-brown Ikin. 
Some time in January, or not later than the middle of 
February, according to the feafon, the flower fprings up 
indofed within three brownilh green leaves, which, open¬ 
ing themfelvesas foon almoft as they are out of the ground, 
ftiew their buds for flowers within them very white often¬ 
times, before they open far, and fomerimes alfo purplifh 
at firft appearing. There is frequently only one flower, 
but never niore than two flowers on a root; they never 
rile above the leaves, nor the leaves much higher than 
they, whilft they laft ; they are fmaller than thofe of col¬ 
chicum ; at firft are of a pale red or deep blufh colour, 
but afterwards change to a bright purple : and continue 
long in beauty, if the weather be not fevere. After the 
flowers are part, the leaves grow to the length of a man’s 
longeft finger; and in the middle of them rifes up the 
feed-veflei’, which is fmaller, fhorter, and harder, than 
that of colchicum, and contains many final!, round, brown, 
feeds. It is a native of Spain, and alio of Ruffia, in moun¬ 
tainous fituations. Mr. Miller cultivated it in 1731; blit 
he fays that it had been long cultivated in gardens, it is 
well obfei ved by Mr. Curtis, that Parkinfon gives fuch a 
minute 
