B U L 
minute dcfcription of it as to convince us that he mu'ft 
have cultivated it himfelf (1629). And tince Johni'on, in 
his additions to Gerarde’s Herbal (1633), tells us, that 
the colchicums, of which this is one, may for- the molt 
part be found in the gardens of the florifts among us; and 
refers fuel) as delire their further acquaintance to the gar¬ 
dens of Purkinfon, Tuggie, &c. We tnay fairly conclude, 
that the fpring meadow faffron, as they call it, was then 
in our gardens’, among other bulbous plahts. At pr.efent 
it is a rare plant among us ; the bulbs not admitting of 
much increafe, and being liable to damage from frolt. 
Propagation and Culture. This plant is propagated by 
offsets, in the fame manner as other bulbous-rooted flow¬ 
ers. The time to remove them, is foon after their leaves 
decay, but the roots may be kept out of the ground two 
months without prejudice at that feafon. They flrould hot 
be removed oftener than every third year, for the roots- 
do not multiply very fall; by fuffering them therefore to 
remain, they will flower much (tronger, a^id make a grea¬ 
ter increafe, than if they are often taken up. It fhould have 
a warm fituation, and may be planted in a fouth border-, 
in a frefli loamy foil, but not dunged. It may alfo be pro¬ 
pagated by feeds, which fhould be fown in pots filled 
with frelh loamy earth in September, and the latter end of 
October the pots fhouid be placed under a frame, to pro¬ 
tect them from fevere fro ft ; in the'fpring the plants will 
appear, when they may be removed out of the'frame, and 
placed where they have the morning fun, but fereened 
from the fouth ; iu very dry weather, they Ihould be re- 
frellted now and then with aiittle water, while their leaves 
continue green ; but, when thefe decay, the pots fhould 
be removed to a fhady fituation, where they may remain 
till autumn, obferving to keep them clean from weeds. 
In October there ihould be a little frefli earth laid on the 
furface of the other, and the pots placed in fhelter again 
till the following fpring, when they muff be treated in the 
fame manner as the former year, till their leaves decay ; 
then the roots fhould be carefully taken up, and tranf- 
plantcd into the borders of the flower-garden, treating 
them as the old roots ; the fpring following they will pro¬ 
duce flowers. See Anthericum, Ixia, Narcissus, 
and Anthericum Serotinum. 
BUL'BOUS, adj. Containing bulbs; confiding of bulbs; 
having round or roundilh knobs. 
BUI.C'KAU, a town of Germany, in the archduchy 
pf Auftria, fituated on a river of the fame name : one 
mile weft of Schrattental. 
BUT.C'KAU, a river of Germany, in the archduchy 
of Auftria, which runs into the Taya : four miles weft of 
Laab. 
BUL'DAT, a town in the Arabian Irak : twenty miles 
eaft of Bagdad. 
BULDURUIS'KOI, a town of Siberia : 132 miles eaft- 
fouth-eaft of Nertchipfk. 
BULEU'Ty£,yi in Grecian antiquity, magiftrates an- 
fwering to the decuriones among the-Romans. See De¬ 
curio. 
BUL'FINCH,/! in ornithology. See Loxia. 
BULGAR', a mountain of Afiatic Turkey, in the pro¬ 
vince of Caramania : thirty miles fouth of Cogni. 
BULGA'RIA (Great), a country of Afia, in Ruffian 
Tartary, incorporated into the dominions of Rufiia, and 
forming part of the government of Caucafus. 
BULGA'RIA (Little), a province of European Tur¬ 
key, bounded on the north by the Danube, on the eaft by 
the Black Sea, -and on the fouth by mount Miemus, and 
on the weft by Servia. The country is full of mountains, 
barren at the top, but fertile in pafture at the bottom, and 
the intervening valleys and plains produce a great deal of 
corn and wine. The Bulgarians anciently inhabited the 
plains of Sarmatia, that extend along the. banks of the 
Volga. Thence they migrated, about the middle of the 
feventh century, in queft of new r fettlements. A large 
"body of them pafled the Danube, and took pollcffion of 
the country adjacent to the weftern coafl of the Euxinc 
Vol. III. No. 144. 
B U L 497 
fea. Several attempts were made by the Romans to dif- 
poflefs and extirpate them: but they defended themfelves 
with equal refolution and fuccefs. Conftantine III. being 
defeated and intimidated, concluded an ignominious peace 
with them in 678, and purchafed their friendfhip by the 
payment of an annual tribute. JuftinianIL refuted to 
comply with thefe diflionoursble terms, and invaded their 
territories; but he was defeated, and conftraiijetl to renew 
the treaty. War was carried on, almolt without interrup¬ 
tion, between them and the eatlern emperors, during the 
courfe of feveral centuries. After a long and doubtful 
ftruggle, the Romans prevailed ; and the emperor Buhl, 
in 1019, reduced Bulgaria to the form of a province. 
From this time the Bulgarians remained iu fubjeclion, and 
were governed by Roman dukes, until the reign of Ilaac 
Angelus, in 1186, when they revolted. The Inftory of 
Bulgaria, in the fubfequent period, fcarcely merits atten¬ 
tion. Stephen IV. king of Hungary, having defeated the 
Bulgarians, obliged them to acknowledge him as their fo- 
vereign. His fuccellbrs were ftyled kings of Hungary and 
Bulgaria; and this title was tranfmitted, together with 
the kingdom of Hungary, to the houfgof Auftria. By 
the aid of the eaftern emperors they threw off the Hunga¬ 
rian yoke; and, in return, they aflifted their ally in an at¬ 
tempt to recover Adriunople. Provoked by this combi¬ 
nation, Amurath invaded their country ; and Baiazet, his 
luccefiTor, completed the conqueft of it in 1396. Bulgaria 
Hill remains a province of the Ottoman empire. The in¬ 
habitants are Chriftians; but extremely ignorant. Their 
language is the Sclavonic. They have produced among 
them one patriarch, and three archbifliops, all under the 
authority of the patriarch of Conftantinople. The Turks 
have divided the country into four fangiacates; Byden, 
Sardice, Nicopolis, and Siliftria. The chief towns are of 
the fame names, except Sardice, which is now called Sophia. 
To BULGE, v. n. [ it was originally written bilge: bilge 
was the lower part of the (hip, where it lvvelled out; from 
bilig, Sax. a bladder.] To take in water; to founder; 
Amid the waves, thrice round the fliip was toft, 
Then bulg'd at once, and in the deep was loft. Drydtn. 
To jut out.—The fide, or part of the fide of a wall, or any 
timber that bulges from its bottom or foundation, is laid to 
batter, or hang over the foundation. Moxdn. 
BULGNEVIL'LE, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Vofges, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of Neufchateau : three leagues and a half fouth ot 
Neufchateau, and feven and three quarters weft of Epinal. 
BULIARD', M. a French botanift, who though he 
did'not live to.acquire a diftinguifhed name among modem 
botanifts, yet hisafliduity in the ftudy of that fcience would 
have procured him extenfive celebrity, had his years been 
prolonged. At the commencement of his labours, he had 
numberlefs difficulties to furmount. From the contracted 
ftate of his finances, he was compelled to deflgri, engrave, 
and print oft’, with his own hands, the plates that embel- 
liftied his firft work. After he had acquired forne degree 
of reputation, he undertook the compilation ot a botanic 
dictionary, in which, by the advice ot his friends, the 
plants were claflified according to their ufes, die poifonous, 
medical, culinary, &c. Unfortunately he commenced 
with the poifonous and fufpefted plants ; as-he deemed a 
warning concerning thefe to be ot the firft importance. As 
loon as the work was edited, it was not only prohibited by 
the civil police at Paris, but all the printed copies were 
feized. A miftaken conception in the officers ot the po¬ 
lice of the nature of the work, and ot their own power, 
was the caufe of this abfurd and-oppreffive conduct. At 
the beginning of the present century, the mingling and ad- 
miniftration of poifonous drugs had ariien to a moll alarm¬ 
ing height in the city of Paris: and it was deemed necel- 
fary to eftablilh a chamber, under the title of La Cbai'npre 
ardentc , which was authorifed to prohibit all publications' 
that treated of poifons, or the mixture of poilonous-drugs. 
This Chamber immediately condemned the work of Bu- 
6 L Hard, 
