$10 BUG 
proved at Rome, and afterwards at Florence, which he 
quitted, to return to the former. Julio Romano and Je 
Fat tore employed him in the great works of which they 
had the direction after the death of Raphael. Buonacorfi 
imitated fuccefsfully this celebrated painter in feveral par¬ 
ticulars, but never equalled' him either in invention or’ 
execution, ije fucceeded in frifes, in grote’fques, in or¬ 
naments of ffwcco, and in all the works of decoration. He 
is perhaps in this way fu peri or to the ancients. His defigns 
are light and 1 'pirited. This great tpafter began by paint¬ 
ing church-candles under, a wretched dauber. He was 
vvor'king at the deling of the hall of the kings at the Va¬ 
tican, . w hen he was carried off by a l'uddea death at the 
age of forty-feFen, in 1547. 
BUONAMI'CI (Caftrucio), born at Lucca in 1710, of 
a worth}’ family, where lie firth embraced the ecclefiaflical 
Hate. His (Indies being finifhed, he went to Rome, in 
the hope of pufhing his fortune. During a (lay of fome 
years in that city, he had attracted the notice of the car¬ 
dinal de Polignac, who was defirous of gaining his attach¬ 
ment, but whom he refufed to accompany into France. 
Not meeting in the church with the advantages he had 
promifed himfelf, he gave it up, in order to bear arms in 
the ferviceof the king of the Two Sicilies. This change 
of condition did not prevent his devoting himfelf to the 
ftudy of the belles-lettres. He wrote in I.atin the hi (lory 
oi; the war of Velletri in 1745, between the Auflriansand 
Neapolitans ; this work, printed in 1746, 4to. obtained 
him a penfion from the king of Naples, and the rank of 
commidary-general of artillery. But his mod confiderahle 
work is the hiffory of the lall war in Italy, which appeared 
in 1750 and 1751, 4to. for which lie was honoured with 
the title of count to himfelf and his defcendants. Thefe 
two hi (lories are much effeemed for the exactitude of the 
narration, and the purity of the Latin, and have been fe¬ 
veral times reprinted. He died in 1761, aged fifty, at 
Lucca, the place of his nativity. 
BUONFI'GLIO (Jofeph Conftant), a Neapolitan au¬ 
thor, diffinguifhed among the hiftorians of Italy for two 
good books in that language. One is the-Ancient and 
Modern Hi (lory of Sicily; Venice 1604, 2 vols. 4to. the 
other that of Medina, printed alfo at Venice in 1606, 4to. 
BUONHABITACU'LO, a town of Italy, in the king¬ 
dom of Naples : eight miles north of Policadro. 
BUONVICI'NO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Calabria Citra : eleven miles fouth- 
ead of Scalea. 
BUOY,/. [_boue, boye, Fr. boya, Span.] A piece of wood 
or cork, and (ometimes an empty cafk or barrel, fo fatten¬ 
ed as often to float direCtly over the anchor, (hewing where 
it lies; it is,alio placed upon lands as a fea-mark : 
Like buoys that never (ink into the flood, 
On learning’s furface we but lie and nod. Pope. 
Buoys are of the following various kinds : 
Ctftt-BUOYS, in the form of a cone ; and of this con- 
druttion are all the buoys which are floated over danger¬ 
ous banks and (hallows, as a warding to palling diips that 
they may avoid them. They are extremely large, that 
they may be (yen at a didance ; and are fattened by drong 
chains to the anchors which are funk for this purpofe at 
fuch places. 
Ak«-BUOYS, are (haped like the middle frudrurn of 
two cones, abutting upon one common bafe, being calks, 
which are large in the middle, and tapering nearly to a 
point at each end. 
Weoden-WJQYS, are folid pieces of timber, fometimes 
in the (hape.of a cylinder, and (ometimes in that of a nun- 
buoy ; they are furnUhed with one or two holes, in which 
to fix a diort piece'of rope, whole two ends, being fpliced 
together, m ike a fort of circle or ring called th ejtrop. 
Cib'le-\l UOYS, are common calks employed to buoy 
up the cables in different places from rocky ground. In 
file harbour of Alexandria in Egypt, every (hip is moored 
With tit lead three cables, and has three or four of thefe 
3 
B U P 
buoys oft each cable for this purpofe. The Jlings of th'i 
buoy, are tjie ropes which are fadened about it, and by 
which it is hung: they are curiotidy fpliced round it, 
fomething refembling the braces of a drum. ToJlream the 
buoy, is to let it fall from the (hip’s fide into the water; 
which is always done before they let go the anchor, that 
it may not be retarded by the buoy-rope as it finks to the 
bottom. The buoy-rope is the rope which fadens the buoy 
to the anchor : it Ihould be little more than equal in length 
to the depth of the water where the anchor lies, as it is 
intended to float near, or immediately above, the bed of it, 
that the pilot may at all times know' the fituation thereof. 
BUOY of the NORE, is a buoy placed at the mouth of 
the river Thames,’ to direct mariners how to avoid a dan¬ 
gerous fand. 
7 o BUOY, v.a. [from the noun. The u is mute in both. ] 
To keep afloat; to bear up.—The water which rifes out 
of the abyfs, for the fupply of fprings and rivers, would 
not have (topped at the lurface of the earth, but marched 
direCtly up into the atmofphere, wherever there was heat 
enough in the air to continue its afeent, and buoy it up. 
Woodward. 
To BUOY, v. n. To float; to rife by fpecific lightnefs. 
—Riling merit will buoy up at lad. Pope. 
BUOY, a (mail ifland, near the ead coad of Newfound¬ 
land. 
BUOY'ANCY,/. The quality of floating.—All the 
winged tribes owe their flight and buoyancy to it. Derham. 
BUOY'ANT, adj. Floating; light; that which will 
not fink. Dryden ufes the word, perhaps improperly, for 
fomething that has denfity enough to hinder a floating bo¬ 
dy from finking.—I fwam with the tide, and the water 
under me was buoyant. Dryden. 
BU'PALUS, a celebrated fculptor, native of the ifland 
of Chios, was fon, grandfon, and great-grandfon, of fculp- 
tors. He had a brother, named Athenis, of the fame pro- 
feffion. They.flourifhed in the 60th Olympiad : and were 
cotemporary with Hipponax, a poet of an ugly and def- 
picable figure. Thefe fculptors diverted themfelves in 
reprefenting him under a ridiculous form. But Hipponax 
wrote fo (harp a fatire againft them, that they hanged 
themfelves, as fome fay. Pliny, however, does not allow 
this; but fays, on the contrary, that,.after, Hipponax had 
taken his revenge, they made feveral fine flatties in feve¬ 
ral places, particularly a Diana at Chios, which was pla¬ 
ced very high, and appeared with a frowning countenance 
to thofe that came in, and with a pleafant one to thofe 
that went out. There were feveral fiatues at Rome made 
by them ; but they worked only in the white marble of 
the i(le of Paros. Paufanias mentions Bupalus as a good 
architect as well as fculptor, but fays nothing of Athenis. 
BUPA'RITI, f. in botany. See Hibiscus. 
BUPEI'NA,/ [from a particle of magnitude, and 
wsire, hunger.] An infatiable hunger, a canine appetite. 
BUPHA'GA, the Beef-eater, / in ornithology, a 
genus belonging to the order of picas, the generic charac¬ 
ters of which are : bill ftraighr and fubquadrangular; the 
mandibles [welling and entire, fwelling (lill more out¬ 
wards ; feet ambulatory. Only one fpecies has yet been 
found, which is called the African beef-eater, a native of 
Senegal. It is not much larger than the erefted lark, and 
its wings extend only fourteen incites. Its plumage has 
nothing remarkable pin general a greyilh brown prevails 
on the upper part of the body, and a dull yellow on the 
under. The bill is not of an invariable colour ; in fome 
individuals it is entirely brown ; in others red at the point, 
and yellow at the bafe ; in all it is nearly of a quadrangur 
fliape, and the points of the two mandibles are reflected 
in a contrary direction. The tail is tapered in fteps, and 
a fiilgular circumftance is obferved, that the twelve quills, 
of which it confiffs, are all pointed. The firft phalanx 
of the exterior toe is clofely connected to that of the mid¬ 
toe. The favourite food of this bird is the larvae of in¬ 
fers, particularly thofe which are lodged under the epi¬ 
dermis in oxen. It alights on the backs of thefe animals. 
