B U PL E 
•pflcnty. Ray.obferved it above t 30 years ago near Tevcr- 
tliam. ProfdTor John Martyn found it only once between 
Queve church and Bottefham. above lixty years ago ; fince 
that time it has been remarked’ by the lower road to Gog- 
magog-hills, by Linton, and near Kingfton-wood. Mr. 
Crowe found it near Marham ini Norfolk; Mr. Woodward 
at Carlby, berween Stamford and Bourn in Lincolnfhire. 
In Kent it is plentiful in many parts, and between/ Farn- 
ingham and Ainsford, it grows in fuch quantity in the 
corn-fields, that it may well be termed the infirmity of 
them. Dr. John Sibthorp marks it as growing in'the 
parks at South Leigh, and Middleton Stoney, in Ox ford- 
(hire. It grows about Epfom, Sutton, and Leatherhead, 
in Surrey ; and doubtlefs in many other places in the fouth- 
ern counties. In Scotland and the northern counties we 
have no account of it. A dry calcareous foil fuits it belt: 
it flowers in June and July. 
2. Bupleurum ffellatum, or ftarry hare’s-ear: involu- 
cels united; univerfal involucre, three-leaved- Root pe¬ 
rennial. Stem a foot or eighteen inches high. Root- 
leaves very-long, grafs-like, widening and narrowing very 
gradually, fome ending obtufely, others drawing to a 
point; fcarcely any on the flem except one embracing leaf 
under a branch. Native of the Alps of Swilled a rid and 
Dauphine. Introduced in 1775 by Doiftors Pitcairn and 
Fothergill. It Rowers from May to July. 
3. Bupleurum petraeum, or rock hare’s-ear : involucels 
united, univerfal involucre five-leaved. Root perennial. 
Root-leaves very numerous, long, narrow, and tender, like 
tliofe of the moll delicate graffes, fpreading on the ground. 
The flem which rifes from the miaft of thefe is eight or 
ten inches high, iim.ple and leaflefs, having commonly a 
tingle branch near the top, with one leaf at the bafe, and 
an umbel of flowers at the end fmaller than that which 
terminates the Item. Pona, Seguier, and Villars, have 
diftinguiftied-and deferibed this fpecies. It is a native of 
Swiflerland, Monte Baldo, and the fouth of France; was 
introduced in 1768 by profeffor de Saulfure ; and flowers 
from May to July. 
4. Bupleurum angulofum, or angular-leaved hare’s-ear: 
involucels five-leaved, orbiculate; univerfal involucre 
three-leaved, ovate; leaves ftem-clafping, cordate-lan¬ 
ceolate. This fort is large, beings eighteen inches high, 
and is eafily known by its horned involucres. Native of 
Swiflerland ; cultivated in 1759 by Mr. Miller; and flow¬ 
ers from May to July. 
5. Bupleurum longifolium, or long-leaved hare’s-ear: 
involucels five-leaved, ovate; univerfal involucre, with 
about five leaflets; leaves ftem-clafping. Long-leaved 
hare’s-ear bears a great fimilitude to the common fort; but 
the root is perennial, and the root-leaves are permanent 
and more lengthened out. The height of the flem is about 
a cubit, upright, and, if branched, only at, top. Native 
of Germany, Flanders, Swiflerland, Dauphine, Savoy. 
It was cultivated here in 1713, and flowers from May to 
July. 
6. Bupleurum falcatum, or twified-ftalk hare’s-ear : in¬ 
volucels five-leaved, acute; univerfal involucre, with 
about five leaflets; leaves lanceolate ; flem flexuofe. Root 
perennial; ftem upright, two or three feet in height, (light¬ 
ly flexuole, round, very fmooth, fometimes tinged with 
purple, the whole panicled; leaves alternate, nerved, 
bright green, fmooth; flowers fmall, deep yellow. Native 
of Germany, Swiflerland, Aufiria, the lbuth of France, 
and Italy. It flowers in ourgardens from May to Sep¬ 
tember, and was cultivated in 1739 by Mr. Miller. 
7. Bupleurum odontites, or narrow-leaved hare’s-ear : 
involucels five-leaved, acute ; univerfal involucre, three- 
leaved ; the central flofcule higher; branches divaricated. 
Root annual; flem very branching, angular, fcarcely three 
inches high ; the branches knotted at the bafe ; leaves li¬ 
near-lanceolate, narrow, fmooth, feflile. Native of the 
fouth of France, Swiflerland, Carniola, Spain, and Italyl 
Cultivated’by Mr. Miller in 1759, ^ flowers from June 
to Auguft. 
Vol. III. No. 145. 
U R U M. 
8. Bupleurum fcmicompofitum, or dwarf hare’s-ear: 
umbels compound and Ample. Scarcely a fpan high ; 
branches divaricate; leaves lanceolate. Native of Spain, 
Montpellier, and Villafranca. Annual; Introduced in 177? 
by M. Thouin, and flowers in July and, Auguft. 
9. Bupleurum ranunculoides: involucels five-.leaved, 
lanceolate, longer; univerfal involucre- three-leaved; 
ftem-leaves lanceolate. This is commonly a very fmall 
plant, not more than a few inches in height : in fome fitu- 
ations -it is fcarcely more than one inch high, in others is 
rifes to a foot. The root is perennial ; the (tern Ample; 
the leaves grafs-like and (tiff. Native of the fouth of 
France, Swiflerland, and the Pyrenees-. 
10. Bupleurum rigidum, or (tiff-leaved hare’s-ear: flem 
dichotomous, almoft naked ; involucres very fmall, acute. 
Root perennial ; all the leaves lanceolate, nerved, figid, 
petioled. It grows naturally about Montpellier and Frank¬ 
fort-on -the- May ne. 
11. Bupleurum gerardi : flem erefl, panicled ; leaves 
lanceolate-linear; involucres and involucels five leaved. 
Root annual, Ample, naked ; ftem half a foot high, branch¬ 
ed, diffufed, fmooth, fligh.tl.y angular ; leaves linear, grafly, 
ftem-clafping, ending in a very (harp point, marked w:th 
three very fine nerves ; feeds objong, (beaked, cut oil as 
it were at the tip. Native of Provence and Aufiria. 
12. Bupleurum tenuiftimtim, oi\ledft hare’s-ear: uift- 
bels Ample, alternate, five-leaved, with about three 11 ew¬ 
ers. Our leaft hare’s-ear is an armuAplant, with the fieri 
a foot high, and much branching; the brandies alternate, 
long, and many-flowered ; leaves rigid, linear, acute. Na¬ 
tive of Germany, Aufiria, Sw iflerland, France,-Italy. and 
England, near Huntingdon, Elletley, Cambridge, Lynn, 
Holkham, Malden, Haftings, Pett, ‘in the IIIe of Thaner, 
and probably in many more places, where it has been over^ 
looked ; being a plant of little appearance or colour, loll 
in a manner in the grafs among which it grows. It flow¬ 
ers in July and Auguft. 
13. Bupleurum junceum, or linear-leaved hare’s-ear : 
ftem erebt, panicled ; leaves linear ; involucres three-leav¬ 
ed; involucels five-leaved. Root annual; ftem fix feet 
high, (Haller-fays from two to three feet, and others two 
feet only,) rfilhy, of an even fur face, with alternate up*- 
right branches; leaves grafly, in two rows, fmooth and 
even, milky. Gerard- adds, that the ftem is ftraight, 
round, hollow wiJhin ; that the leaves are gradually (mail¬ 
er and fheathing; that the branches-are divaricate and 
leafy; that the lateral flowers are fclitary or in pairs ; the 
terminating ones umbelled, with few umbellules and une¬ 
qual pedicels; that the involucre has about three linear- 
acute leaflets, and the involucel about four linear-iiibulate 
leaflets. Villars informs us, that die leaves are all long, 
weak, thin, and hanging down, and that the feeds are 
pointed and bigger than thofe of the other forts. Ray ob- 
ferves that it is a larger taller plant than the foregoing, 
with ftouter ftems not branching from the bottom, but for 
fome fpace having only narrow (harp leaves, two or three 
inches long, piaced alternately. On the upper part 06 the 
ftem branches fpring from the axils of the leaves, fubdi- 
vided into very (lender twigs, bearing very fmall umbels, 
if they may be fo called, at their ends, compofed of two 
or three .flofcules, with an involucre of four or five very 
(lender and ftiort leaflets at their bafe. The feeds are al¬ 
moft of the (ize and colour of parlley. Very common 
about Montpellier, and fome other parts of France, of 
Italy, Swiflerland, and Germany. It flowers in July and 
Auguft, and wa? cultivated in the botanic garden at Click 
fea in 1722. 
II. Shrubby. *4. Bupleurum frnticofum, or. common 
fhrubby hare’s-ear or fimibby Ethiopian hartwort: leaves 
obovate, quite entire. This is an evergreen ftirub, riling 
to the height of five or fix feet, and dividing into many 
branches, fo as form a large regular bufh ; the ftem is co¬ 
vered with a purplifh bark ; the branches are well furnifti- 
ed with oblong, fmooth, (fining, ftiff, leaves, of a. fea- 
greeu colour, placed alternately, four inches long, and one 
6*1' broad 
