, BUR 
ed, trifid ; angles membranous ; petals tliree; capfuls 
three-celled, (liaight. Seeds minute. 
Species, i. Burmannia difticha : fpike double. Root 
compofed wholly of capillary fibres, and very fmall. The 
plant has the habit or appearance of an anthericum. 
Root-leaves fix, eight, or nine, grafs-like or enfiform, two 
inches long, quite entire.. Stem upright, flraight, quite 
fimple, a (pan or a fpaii and a half in height, having fix 
or feven very fmall, alternate, feale-like leaves, (iieathing 
at the bafe, an inch long, fcarcely leparating from the 
Hem, but in a manner embracing it. Two fimple divari¬ 
cating fpikes, each compofed of about nine flowers, ter¬ 
minate the ftem; the flowers are fefftle, in a Angle row, 
pointing upwards; they are blue, very elegant, and do 
hot fall off. Native of Ceylon, in open watery places, 
•Called in the country jazuael, jawcl, or dyajawel ; that is, 
zoater-janntl. Cultivated by Mr. Miller in 1768. 
2. Burmannia biflora: flowers two together. Root 
firong and fibrous, with feveral oblong oval leaves arifing 
from it, which are fmooth and entire, four or five inches 
long ; among thefe Cprings the flower-ftem, fix or eight 
inches high, terminated by blue flowers, growing two to¬ 
gether in each (heath. It grows naturally in Virginia and 
Carolina, in watery places; and was cultivated by Mr. 
Miller with the former. 
Propagation and Culture. Thefe plants are very difficult 
to preferve in gardens ; for, as they naturally grow in 
marfiiy places, which are covered with water great part 
■of the year, they will not thrive when planted in dry 
ground, and, being too tender to live abroad in England, 
they mud be planted in pots plunged in troughs of water, 
fo deep as to cover the furface of the mould about three 
inches. The troughs in which the firft fort is planted 
ffiould be placed in a warm (love, where the plants Ihould 
conftantly remain, being Careful to fupply the water as it 
diminifhes. Thofe in which the fecond fort is put (liould 
be placed in a green-houfe in winter to protect the plants 
from frofi, but in Cummer they may be expofed to the 
open air. With this management, if carefully attended 
to, the plants may be preferved, and fonietimes may be 
brought to produce flowers. 
To BURN, v. a. preterite and participle burned or burnt ; 
X_bcrnan , Sax.] To coillume with fire.—They burnt Jericho 
with fire. JoJhua. —To wound or hurt with fire or heat.— 
Hand for hand, foot for foot, burning for burning, wound 
for wound, ffripe for (tripe. Exodus, xxi. 25.—To exert 
the qualities of heat, as by drying or fcorching : 
O that I could but weep, to vent my paffion! 
But this dry forrow burns up all my tears. Drydcn. 
To BURN,, v. n. To be on fire; to be kindled : 
O coward confidence, how doff thou afflidt me! 
The light burns blue. Is it not dead midnight ? 
Cold fearful drops (land on my trembling flefli. Shakefp. 
To fliine ; to fparkle : 
The barge (he fat in, like a burnifli’d throne, 
Burnt on the .water. S/iahefpeare. 
To be inflamed with paffion or defire: 
In Raleigh mark their ev’ry glory mix’d '• 
Raleigh, the fcourge of Spain, whole bread; with all 
The fiage, the patriot, arid the hero, burn’d. Thomjon. 
To aft with deflruftive violence : ufed of the paflioris.— 
Shall thy wrath burn like fire ? PJ'alrns. —To be in a date 
of dedrudlive commotion: 
The nations bleed where’er her deps (he turns, 
The groan dill deepens, and the combat burns. Pope. 
It is ufed particularly of love : 
She burns, (he raves, (lie dies, ’tis true ; 
But burns, and raves, and dies, for you. Addifon. 
BURN, y. A hurt caufed by fire.—We fee the phlegm 
of vitriol is a very effedlual remedy againd burns. Ecyk. 
Vol. III. No. 146. 
BUR 52^ 
xt A Burnt child dreads the fired’ This provetb in 
timates that it is natural for all living creatures, whether 
rational or irrational, to confult their own fecurity and felf- 
prefervation ; and, whether they aft by inltinct or reafon, 
it dill tends to fome care of avoiding thofe things that 
have already done them an injury : and there are a great 
many old (ayings in fe venal" languages according to the 
purport of this proverb. The Greeks : 1radar bivr.-K 1 ^ rym. 
The Latins: fifealor iclus fapit. And the French fay.: 
chien erhaujft’ craint I'cauftoidc. The Italians: conjcolloto 
da Capua calda ha paura poi della J'redda ; ‘ the Raided dog 
fears cold water.’ The Spaniards : gata ejealdado del aqua 
fria liamicdo ; ‘ the Raided cat fears cold water.’ 
BURN,yi in medicine and furgery, an injury received 
in any part of the body by fire. See Surg ery. 
BURN (Richard), the celebrated author of the Office 
of a Juftice of Pqace and Parifit Officer, was born at Win- 
ton, in Weftmoreland, and educated at Queen’s-college, 
Oxford, which univerfity conferred on him, March 22, 
1762, the honorary degree of LL. D. He died at Orton, 
of which place he had been vicar forty-nine years, Novem¬ 
ber 20, 1785. He was one of his majedy’s juftices of the 
peace for the counties of Wedmorcland and Cumberland, 
and was made by bifliqp Lyttleton chancellor of. the dio- 
cefe of Carlifle. He wrote, befides the Office of a Judice 
of Peace, on the Ecclefiaftical Law. Thefe two works 
continue in high repute, which is evinced by the number 
of editions they have each gone through. He likewife 
publiffied, the Hi (lory and Antiquity of the two Counties 
of Weftmoreland and Cumberland, in conjunction with 
Jofeph Nicolfon, Efq. nephew to the biftiop of Carlifle of 
that name, 1777, 2 vols. 4(0. in which work he has given 
the above account of himfelf. 
BURN'ER, f. A perfon that burns any thing. 
BUR'NET (Gilbert), bifhop of Salifbury, was born at 
Edinburgh, Sept. 18, 1643. His father was the youngei' 
brother of an ancient family in Aberdeenfhire, and bred to 
the civil law, in which, though he made no fliining figure 
at the bar, his modefty deprelling too much his abilities; 
he raifed himfelf to (o great a reputation, that at the redo- 
ration of Charles il. he was, in reward of his conffant at¬ 
tachment to the royal party, appointed one of the lords of 
feflion at Edinburgh. His mother was filter to the famous 
Sir A. Johndoun, and a warm zealot for prefbytery. Mr. 
Burnet being.out of employment, by reafon of his refil¬ 
ling to acknowledge Cromwell’s authority, took upon liim- 
felf the charge of his Ion’s education, who at ten years 
of age was Cent to the college of Aberdeen. His father, 
who dill continued to be his principal indructor, obliged 
him to rife to his dudies at four o’clock every morning; 
by which means he contracted fuch a habit, as he never 
difco.ntinued till a few years before his death, when age 
and infirmities rendered a greater proportion of red necef- 
fary to him. Though his father had deligned him for the 
church, yet he would not divert him from purfuing his 
own inclination to civil and feudal law, to which ftudy he 
applied a whole year ; and received from if (he was often 
heard to fay) juder notions concerning the foundation of 
civil fociety and government than are maintained by- (ome 
divines. He altered his refolution of profecuting this du- 
dy, and applied, with his father’s warm approbation, to 
that ofdivinity. In his hours of amulenient he ran through 
many Volumes of hidory ; and, as. he had a very (Long 
conltifntion and a prodigious memory, this clofe applica¬ 
tion was no inconvenience to him, fa that lie made himfelf 
rnader of a vad extent of learning, which he had ready 
for his ufe upon all occafions. At eighteen he wfts ad- 
mitted, a probationer, or expedlant preacher, and foon af¬ 
ter an offer of a good benefice was made him, which lie 
declined. In 1663, about two years after the death'of 
his father, he came into England, and, after fix months 
day at Oxford and Cambridge, returned to Scotland, w hich 
lie foon left again to make a tour to Holland and France. 
At Amderdam, by the help of a Jevvifh rabbi, lie perfeCt- . 
ed hinifeli in the Hebrew language ; and likewife became 
6 T acquainteii- 
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