BURTON. 
54 2 
BUR'TON (William), fon of William Burton of At- 
cham in Shroplhire, born in Auftin-friars, London, in the 
feventeenth century ; was admitted in Gloucefter-hall in 
Oxford, where he took, the degree of bachelor of civil law, 
and, leaving the univerfity, was matter of the free-fcliool 
of Kingtton-tipon-Thames. He was a good lingisift, an 
excellent critic and antiquary, very much etteemed by the 
learned of his time, and particularly by the famous arch- 
bifliop Ulher. He died in 1657. Some of his works ex¬ 
tant are, Graecae Lingua? Hittoria. Veteris Linguae Perlicae 
Hittoria, printed with tlie former. A Commentary"on 
Antoninus's Itinerary, fo far as it concerns Britain, &c. 
BUR' TON (William), born at Rippon in York Ill ire in 
1697, and educated in Chrift-church college, Oxford ; 
where he took his degree of M. D. and became very emi¬ 
nent in his profeffion. In 1-45 he propofed joining hi ill¬ 
icit to the pretender, then at Manchefter ; but his friends 
had interett fufiicient 10 diltuude him from a mealure which 
11111ft have terminated in his ruin. In his latter years he 
Jpent much time in collecting records, out of which lie 
wrote the Hittory of the County of York, which lias been 
publiflied in two volumes folio. He died at York in 1759, 
aged (Ixty-two. 
BUR'TON (John), a learned divine, born in 1696 at 
Wembworth in Devonfhire, of which parifh his father was 
reftor. Such were the proofs which young Burton af¬ 
forded at fchoot of his capacity, diligence, and worthy 
difpofitions, that the learned Dr. Afliton, matter of Jefus- 
college, Cambridge, defigned to have him admitted into 
his own college. But, in the mean time, Dr. Turner, 
prefident of Corpus-Chritti-college, Oxford, having made 
an accidental trial of Mr. Burton’s literary improvements, 
procured him a fcholarlhip in that college in 1713, when 
was only feventeen years of age. Here he made fo dittin- 
guifhed a progrefs, that Dr. Mather, the prefident, ap¬ 
pointed him to the important office of tutor, when lie was 
only B. A. Soon after, the college conferred upon him 
the honour of reading the Greek lecture. During the 
whole courfe of his (Indies, his behaviour was at once (o 
cheerful and fo regular, that he equally recommended him- 
felf to the affedlion of his equals, and the ettcem of his 
fuperiors. Dr. Potter, in particular, at that time hilltop 
of Oxford, conceived a great regard for him. March 24, 
1720, Mr. Burton was admitted to the degree of M. A. 
In the exercife of Ins duty as a tutor, no one could exceed 
him in attention, diligence, and a zealous concern for the 
improvement of his pupils. In reviling, correcting, and 
improving, the exercifes of his Undents, he difpiayed fur- 
priling patience, and indefatigable diligence; and there 
are Hill extant his themes, declamations, orations, and po¬ 
ems, of every kind, which he compofed for the ufe of his 
pupils. His attention, however, was not fclely confined 
to the bufinefs of tuition. He was anxious for reftoring 
the credit of the univerfity prefs, and for enabling poor 
editors to carry on their literary undertakings. In 1725, 
when Mr. Burton was pro-nroLtor and matter- of the 
ichoois, lie Ipoke, before tire determining bachelors, a 
Latin oration, intituled Heli, which was publiflied with a 
defign of enforcing the fajutary exercife of academical dif- 
cipiine. July 19, 1729, Mr. Burton was admitted to the 
degree of B. D. and in 1733 he was elected into a fellow- 
jftiip of Eton college. About the lame time, upon the 
death of Dr. Edward Littleton, he was prefented to the 
vicarage of Maple-derham in Oxfordlhire. Upon going to 
take polfeliion of his new preferment, he found the widow 
of his predeceffor, and three infant daughters, without a 
home, and without a fortune, A fight fo affecting in¬ 
spired hjm with companion; companion was followed by 
love, and- love by marriage. Mr. Burton fliewed the 
fame contempt for money, and perhaps carried it to an ex- 
cefs, after he was fettled in his living. In 1748, the death 
of his wife affeCted him in the tendereft manner, as is evi¬ 
dent from the feveral parts of his Opufcu.la metrico-pro- 
aica. This event did notjelfen his regard for her three 
orphan daughters, towards whom he continued to exert 
the greatefi affection, care, and liberality. From hence¬ 
forward he Spent the principal part of the year at Eton- 
college ; where he gave him (elf up to the ftudy of litera¬ 
ture, and the alfifiance of his friends. July 1, 1752, he 
took the degree of D. D. and afterwards publiflied his lec¬ 
tures on that occalion. He was intimately connected with 
many of the bifiiops ; and, whilfi: carelfed by the gover¬ 
nors of the church, was equally dear to the lowed of the 
clergy. When he came to an advanced age, and his eyes 
began to fail him, he thought proper to colledt together 
and publilh his Raftered pieces, under the title of Opuf- 
cula Milcellanea. Scarcely had liefinifiied this talk, when 
he was fuddenly attacked by an eryfi.pelous fever, which 
ditturbed his intelleHs, and (battered his decaying frame. 
He died February 11, 1771, aged feventy-fix, and was 
buried at- the entrance of riie inner chapel at Eton. 
BUR'LON, a fmall town in Weftmoreland, diflant from 
London 245 miles, eleven from Kendal, eleven from Lan- 
cafler, and four from Millthorp, the only fea-port in the 
county. The town in general is well-built, and fituated 
on the borders of Lancalhire. Its market is on Tuefdays 
fair on Whit-Monday. By means of the late inland na¬ 
vigation, it lias communication with the rivers Merfey, 
Dee, Ribble, Oufe, Trent, Derwent, Severn, Humber, 
Thames, Avon, &c. which navigation, including its wind¬ 
ings, extends above 500 miles in the counties of Lincoln,. 
Nottingham, Lancatter, York, Chetter, Stafford, War¬ 
wick, Leicefier, Oxford, Worcefter, &c. 
BUR'TON-UPON-STA'THER, a fmall town in the 
county of Lincoln, thirty-one miles north of Lincoln, and 
164 and a half north of London. It was once a conlide- 
rable market-town ; and a few years ago its ancient char¬ 
ter for a market and two fairs was renewed. The market 
is on Mondays ; the fairs, the firft Monday in May, and I 
the firft Monday after St. Martin’s day ; only the latter of 
which is now continued! 
BUR'TON-UPON-TRENT, a borough-town in Staf- 
fordfhire, fituated in a pleafant and fertile valley, on the 
weftern banks of the river Trent, which divides the-coun¬ 
ties of Stafford and Derby. It is twenty-five miles call off 
Stafford, twelve miles north-eafi: by north of the city of 
Litchfield, three miles eaft of the foreft of Needwood,., 
both in the fame county, eleven miles fouth-wefr of Derby, - 
nine from Afnby-de-la-Zouch, and 116 north-well of Lon¬ 
don. Including the hamlet of Burton-Extra, which-unites 
with the foutli end of the borough, and which, together 
with five other hamlets, is in the pariIh of Burton ; the 
number of dwelling-houfes contained in this town is up¬ 
wards of 750, and that of the inhabitants about 4000. 
This town has long been famous for its very confiderable 
manufrfetory of malt and ale; great quantities of the lat¬ 
ter being annually fent to Ruflia, Holland, and other fo¬ 
reign places; alfo to London, M'anchefter, Birmingham,, 
and other parts of the kingdom, tor home confumption. 
The manufactory of hats is alfo very confiderable here ; 
with which the army and navy are-largely.fupplred. Con¬ 
fiderable quantities of ferews-, fpades, and other iron uten- 
fils, are alfo manufa£1 tired in this place ; as-are alfo tam¬ 
mies and woollen cloths. Three extenlive, cotton manu - 
factories, eretted a few years fince near-this town, .afford 
employment to fome hundreds of-perfons. From the opu¬ 
lence and refpeifhibility of this neighbourhood, the mar¬ 
kets here are well fupplied. Thurlday is the market-day. 
Four-fairs are annually held here for.cattle, and the ufiial 
commodities, on Candlemas-day, April 5, AlCenfion-day, 
and OHober 29, for cheefe, with the five preceding days. 
On thefe-five days more horfes are generally expofed to 
fale in this place than at any other fair,in this part of the 
kingdom. 
The river Trent has long been navigable from Gainf- 
borough to this place for boats of confiderable burthen. 
The Grand Trunk canal alfo runs parallel with the town, 
and about a mile difiant communicates with the Trent, by 
means-: 
