BUT 
BUTTER of ARSENIC,/ A combination of the 
regulus of arfenic with dgaphlogifticated or aerated marine 
acid ; obtained by a procefs firm la r to that ufed in making 
the butter of antimony. 
BUT'TER of CACAO, / An oily concrete white 
matter, of a firmer confidence than fuet, obtained from 
the cacao nut, of which chocolate is made. The method 
•of feparating it confifis in broiling the cacao and .boiling it 
in water. The greateft part of the foperabundant and un- 
combined oil contained in the nut is by this means lique¬ 
fied, and ril’cs to the fur face; where it fi.vims, and is left 
to congeal, that it may be the more eafily taken off. It 
is generally mixed with (mail pieces of the nut, from 
which it may be purified by keeping 1 it in fnfion without 
water in a pretty deep veflel, until the fewer a 1 matters 
have arranged themfelves according to their fpecific gra¬ 
vities: by this treatment it becomes very pure and white. 
Butter of cacao is without fmell, and has a very mild fade, 
when fredi ; and in all its general properties and habitudes 
it refembles fat oils ; among which it mud therefore be 
clalFed. It is ufed as an ingredient in pomatums. 
BUT'TER of TIN,/ When granulated tin, or an 
amalgam of tin and mercury, is diddled with corrofive 
fublimate, the tin rifes in combination with the dephlo- 
gidicafed or aerated marine acid, partly in the form of a 
liqpor and partly in butyraceous flowers. The liquor is 
called the fuming liquor of Libavius, and is not effentially 
diderent from the flowers. Many chemids diflingnifh the 
whole produft by the name of the fuming liquor of Liba¬ 
vius. See Tin. 
BUT'TER of WAX,/. Wax, though differing.very 
confiderably from fat oils, refembles them in affording an 
acid by didillation, while the remaining oleaginous part 
becomes more limpid, in proportion as the number of dif- 
tillations is repeated. The fird didillation leaves it of a 
butyraceous confidence, and this is called butter of wax. 
It has a drong fmell, and is faid by Macquer not to recover 
its confidence by long expofure to the air ; in which parti¬ 
cular he obferves that it differs from refinous fubfiances. 
BUT'TER-BUR, / in botany. See Tussii.ago. 
BuT'TER-MILK,/. The whey that is feparated from 
the cream when butter is made by churning. Butter-milk 
is edeemed an excellent food in the fpring, and is parti¬ 
cularly recommended in hectic fevers, and to perfons in 
cOnfumptions. Some make curds of butter-milk, by pour, 
ing in a quantity of new milk hot. 
BUT'TER PRINT, / A piece of carved wood, ufed 
to mark butter.— A butter.print, in which were engraven 
figures of all forts and (izes, applied to the lump of but¬ 
ter, left on it the figure. Locke. 
BUT'l'ER-TOOTH, / The great broad fore-teeth. 
BUTTER-TREE,/ The Jheatonla, a native of Africa, 
found in great abundance by Mr. Park, in his late jour¬ 
ney through the interior of that continent. This tree very 
much refembles the American oak; and the nut, from 
the kernel of which the butter is prepared by boiling it in 
water, has fomeu hat the appearance of a Spanifh olive. 
The kernel is enveloped in a fweet pulp, under a thin 
green rind ; and it is Mr. Park’s opinion, that the butter 
produced from it, befides the advantage of its keeping 
without fait the whole year, is whiter, firmer, and of a 
richer flavour, than the bed butter he ever taded made 
from cow’s milk. The growth and preparation of this 
commodity feem to be among the fird objects of African 
indudry; and it conditutes a main article of their inland 
commerce. 
BUT'TER-WOMAN, / A woman that fells butter. 
■—Tongue, I mud put you into a butter-woman's month, 
and buy myfelf another of Bajazet’s mute, if you prattle 
me into thefe perils. Shakefpcare. 
BUT'TER WORT, f. in botany. See Pinguicula. 
BUT'TER BUMP,/ A fowl: the fame with bittern. 
BUT'TERFELDE, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of L T pper Saxony, and New Mark of Brandenburg: five 
miles north of Baerwaide. 
Vol. III. No. 147. 
BUT'TER FLY, /. [ bnttcrjlege , Sax.] A beautiful in- 
fed!, lo named becaiile it fird appears in the beginning of 
the feafon for hut ter. See PArn.ro.—That-which feems 
to be a powder upon the wings of a butterfly , is an innu¬ 
merable company-of extreme fmall fea'hers, not to be dif- 
cerned without a microfcope, Grew. 
BUT'TERIS,/ An indrument of fteel fet in a wooden 
handle, ufed in paring the foot, or cutting the hoof, of 
a horfe. 
BU F'TERY, atlj. Having the appearance or qualities 
of butter.—The bell oils, thickened by cold, have a white 
colour; and rnilk itfelf has its whitenefs from the cafeous 
fibres, and its buttery oil. Floyer. 
BUT'TF.RY,/. [front butter-, or, according to Skin¬ 
ner, from boutcr, Fr. to place or lay up. ] The room where 
provifions are laid up.—All that need a cold and freflt tem¬ 
per, as cellars, pantries, and butteries, to the north. IVotton. 
BUTTT 1 ARD, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Franconia, and bilhopric of Wurzburg. 
BUTTLIN'GEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Lower Saxony, and duchy of Luneburg Zell. 
BUTTNE'RIA,/ [from David Sigifm. Augvjl. Buttner , 
profedbr of botany at Gottingen. ] In botany, a genus of 
the clafs pentandria, order monogynia, natural order co¬ 
in mniferte. The generic characters are—Calyx : perian- 
thium one-leaved, five-cleft, deciduous ; divifions ovate, 
acute, fpreading very much. Corolla: petals five, ob¬ 
long, diort, converging; above broadidt, concave, ending 
in a long, fubulate, bridle, incumbent on the nedtary at 
the bale, then eredt-expanding, longer than the calyx, and 
in two other (mail, lateral, diort, reflex, bridles: nectary 
five-leaved, ventricofe-campanulate, fiiorter than the ca¬ 
lyx ; leaflets obovate, obtule, flat, erect, femiconnate by 
the filaments. Stamina : filaments five, fubulate, on the 
outfide of the neCtary, each fpringing from two adjoining 
leaflets of it ; antherae twin, didinCt, bifid, roundifli. Pif- 
tillum : germ roundifli, quinquangular; ftyle fubulate, 
fliort; fligma obtufe, obfeurely quinquefid. Pericar-pium : 
c.apfule roundifli, deprefled, five-grained, five-valved, niu- 
ricate. Seeds: folitary, ovate, conipreffed.— EJfential £ha, 
rafter. Corolla, five-petalled ; filaments at the top connate 
with the petals. Gapfule five-grained, muricate. 
Species. 1. Buttneria fcabra : leaves lanceolate, rib and 
petioles prickly. This is a perennial plant, flirubby at 
bottom, from ihrec to five feet high, with alternate, long, 
angular, branches, armed with fliort, reflex, cartilaginous, 
prickles : leaves pale green, efpeciaily underneath, where 
the midrib has recurved prickles along it ; the larged are 
four or five inches long, and four or five lines in breadth. 
It was found by Aublet, between Cayenne and Couron, 
in June. 
2. Buttneria Carthaginenfis, or Carthaginian buttneria : 
leaves ovate, rib and petioles prickly. Jacquin affirms this 
to be different from the foregoing. He deferibes it as a 
flirnb with branches fpreading on every fide in the manner 
of the common bramble : dems perennial, raiher woody, 
five-cornered, tlie furrows and angles obtufe, armed with 
crooked reflex prickles; the tender branches robnd, prick¬ 
ly, alternate: leaves fmooth, quite entire, or with one or 
two ferratiires only; flowers without fmell, fmall, white, 
very numerous. Native of Carthagena and St. Domingo ; 
flowering in September and Odtober. 
3. Buttneria microphylla, or fmall-leaved buttneria : 
branches fiexuofe, even; leaves unarmed. This differs 
from the foregoing, in having unarmed leaves, the trunk 
and branches larger and round, the peduncles one-flower¬ 
ed, and the corolla purple and white variegated. Found 
by Jacquin, in 1757, near Port-au-Prince, in the ifland of 
St. Domingo; and introduced by him into Europe. 
BUT'TOCK,/ [fuppofed, by Skinner, to come from 
aboutir, French ; inferted by Junius without etymology.] 
The rump ; the part near the tail.—It is like a barber’s 
chair, that fits all buttocks. Shakefpcare. 
BUT'TOCK of a SHIP, is that part which is her 
breadth right aftern, from the tack upwards; and a ffiip 
7 C i-s 
