C A D 
of the commerce to the Weft Indies and to America. The 
ved'els of Spain carry out the productions of Europe, and 
the belt of every kind ; and bring back gold, filver, pre¬ 
cious (tones, cochineal, indigo, coffee, tobacco, woods of 
different kinds, chocolate, &c. which are diftributed into 
various countries. Here are merchants from mod of the 
Hates in Europe, as Irifli, Flemings, Genoefe, and Ger¬ 
mans; the Englilh and Dutch are not numerous. There 
are many Frenchmen, Come of which are capital merchants, 
but the greater part are in an inferior Hyle, rather retail 
dealers than merchants. Cadiz is the lee of a bilhop, 
iuffragan of Seville; the inhabitants are computed at (ixty 
thoufand. In the year 1596, Cadiz was taken and plun¬ 
dered by the Englilh, under the earl of EiTex, and the 
lord high admiral Howard. In the year 1702, an attempt 
was made by the duke of Ormond, and Sir George Rook, 
with fome Englilh and Dutch, to feize Cadiz for the arch¬ 
duke Charles; but, after landing fome troops, they found 
rite fcheme impracticable, and returned. The fortrefs of 
St. Sebaftian is fuppofed to have faved the city, in the 
great earthquake of 1755, from being fwept away by the 
fury of the waves. The building proved fufficiently fo- 
Kd to withdand the (hock, and break the immenfe volume 
of water that threatened deltruction to the whole ifiand. 
A number of perfons however were loft; among the reft, 
the grandfon of the famous poet Racine, who drove in 
vain to efcape, by urging his horte to the utmod of his 
fpeed. The prol'peCl from the fortifications towards the 
ocean is folemn and grand ; and that towards the main 
land is animated in the higheft degree : the men of war 
ride in the eadern bofom of the bay ; lower down the mer¬ 
chantmen are fpread far and near; and clofe to the town 
an incredible number of barks, of various diapes and dzes, 
cover the furface of the water, fome moored and fome in 
motion, carrying goods to and fro. The oppodte diore of 
Spain is dudded with white houfes, and enlivened by the 
towns of St. Mary’s, Port-real, and others, behind which, 
eadward, on a ridge of hills, Hands Medina Sidonia, and 
further back rife tiie mountains of Granada. Wedward, 
Rota clofes the horizon, near which was anciently the 
Eland and city of Tarteffus, now covered by the fea, but 
at low water fome part of the ruins are dill to be difeerned. 
The time of high water at the fpring-tides, is half pad four 
o’clock. Lat. 36. 32. N. Ion. 10. 20. E. Peak of Tenerid'. 
CA'DIZ, a town of the ifiand of Cuba, fituated on the 
north coad, in a bay to which it gives name: 164 miles 
eud of the Havanna. Lat. 23. 2. N. Ion. 79. 55. W. 
Greenwich. 
CA'DIZ, a river of the idand of Cuba, which runs 
into the lea, ten miles ead from the town of Cadiz. 
CADIZ A'DELITES, a fed of Mahometans, very 
like the ancient doics. They fhun feads and diverlions, 
arfe6t an extraordinary gravity, and make a Itrange jum¬ 
ble of Chridianiry and Mahometanifm. 
CADME'A, a citadel of Thebes, built by Cadmus. 
It is generally taken for Thebes itfelf, and the Thebans 
are often called Cadmeans by Statius, Paufanias, &c. 
CAD'MIA, f. [Gr. from DTpHeb.] A name of the 
lapis calaminaris. See Calamine. 
CAD'MUS, in fabulous hidory, the fon of Agenor, 
kingof Phoenicia, by Telephalla, or Agriope, was order¬ 
ed by his father to go in quell of his lider Europa, whom 
Jupiter had carried away; and he was never to return 
to Phoenicia if he did not bring her back. As his fearch 
proved fruitlefs, lie confulted the oracle of Apollo, and 
was ordered to built a city where he fliould fee a yoking 
heifer Hop in the grafs, and call the ,country Boeotia. lie 
found the heifer, according to the directions of the ora¬ 
cle ; and, as he wifhed to thank the god by a facrifice, he 
font his companions to fetch water from a neighbouring 
grove : the waters were facrcd to Mars, and guarded by 
a dragon, who devoured all the Phoenician’s attendants. 
Cadmus, tired of their feeming delay, went to the place, 
and faw the monder (till feeding on their fledi: he attacked 
;the dragon, overcame it by the a didance of Minerva, and 
CAD S^- 
fowed the teeth in a plain, upon which armed men fud- 
dcnly rofe out of the ground : he threw a done into the 
midd of them, and they indantly turned their arms one 
againd the other, till they all peri filed except five, who 
afiided him in building his city. Soon after he married 
Hermione, the daughter of Venus, with whom lie lived 
in the greated cordiality, and by whom lie had a fon, Po- ■ 
lydorus, and four daughters, I110, Agave, Autonoe, and 
Semele. Juno perfecuted thole children; and their well- 
known misfortunes fo diffracted Cadmus and Hermione, 
that they retired to lllyncum, loaded with grief, and in¬ 
firm with age. They intreated the gods to'remove them 
from the misfortunes of life, and they were immediately 
changed into ferpents. Some explain the dragon’s fable, 
by fuppoling that it was a king of the country that Cad¬ 
mus conquered by war ; and the armed men riling from 
the field, is no more than men armed with brafs, accord¬ 
ing to the ambiguous fignification of a Phoenician word. 
Cadmus was the fird who introduced the ufe of letters in 
Greece; but fome maintain, that the alphabet which he 
brought from Phoenicia, was only diderent from that which 
was ufed by the ancient inhabitants of Greece. This al¬ 
phabet confided only of lixteen letters, to which Pala- 
medes afterwards added four, and Simonides of Melos the 
fame number. The worfhip of many of the Egyptian and 
Phoenician deities was alfo brought into Greece by Cad¬ 
mus, who is fuppofed to have come into Greece 1493 years 
before the Cliridian era, and to have died fixty-one years 
after. According to thofe who believe that Thebes was 
built at the found of Amphion’s lyre, Cadmus built only 
a fmall citadel, which he called Cadmea, and laid the foun¬ 
dations of a city which was fuddled by one of his fuccef- 
fors. Ovid. Herodotus. 
CAD'MUS, a fon of Pandion of Miletus, celebrated as 
an hidorian in the age of Croefus, and as the writer of an 
account of fome cities of Ionia, in four books. He is 
called the ancient , in eontradiftinCtion from another of the 
fame name and place, who wrote an hidory of Attica, in 
lixteen books. Diodorus. Dionyfius. 
CADOG'NA, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and Principato Ultra : fifteen miles north-north-eaft 
of Conza. 
CADOLZ'BURG, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Franconia, and marggraviate of Anfpach, furrounded 
with walls, and defended by a cadle : eighteen miles north- 
ead of Anfpach, and eight wed of Nuremberg. 
CADO'RA, or Pieve di Cadora, a town of the Tre- 
vifan, and capital of the Cadorin, belonging to the dates 
of Venice : forty-two miles north-ealt of Trent, and fifty- 
three wed of Friuli. Lat. 46. 25. N. Ion. 29.41. E. Ferro. 
CADO'RIN, a diftriiTt of the Trevifan, belonging to 
Venice : it is fmall and mountainous ; bounded on the 
north by Carintlua, on the ead by Friuli, on the fouth by 
the Bcllunefe, and on the wed by the bilhopric of Brixen, 
about twenty-five miles long, and from ten to fifteen broad. 
CAD'RITES, a fort of Mahometan friars, who once 
a-week fpend a great part of the night in religious cere¬ 
monies. They never cut their hair, nor cover their heads; 
and always go bare-foot. 
CAD'SAND, an illand near the coad of Flanders, at 
the mouth of the Scheldt. This illand is preferved, by 
lofty dykes, condruCted at a vad expence, from the inun¬ 
dations of the fea ; and yet fcarcely free from danger when 
the north-wed wind blows with violence. The land is 
fertile, and the corn is equal to any produced in the United 
States; the meadows are luxuriant, and the farmers make 
a large quantity of excellent cheefe. A great number of 
perfecuted French and Saltzhurgers came here to fettle, 
and found peace and toleration. Caffandria is the princi¬ 
pal place. This illand was taken by the French republi¬ 
can army, in July 1794. 
CADU'CF.US, a rod entwined at one end by two fer¬ 
pents, in the form of two equal femicirdes. It was the 
attribute of Mercury, and had been given him by Apollo 
in return for the lvre, Various interpretations have been 
but 
