5 ?G 
C A F 
C A G 
tirularly their bodies ; their hair, which is frizzled very 
much, is never greafed, but their bodies are anointed, 
with a view to preferve their vigour and agility. The 
men generally bedow more attention on their drefs than 
the women, and are remarkably fond of beads and copper 
rings: the women wear hardly any of the ornaments in 
which the other (avages in Africa take fuch delight. 
They do not even wear copper bracelets ; but their 
fmall aprons, which are (fill fliorter than thofe of the 
Hottentots, are bordered with a few rows of glafs-beads ; 
and in this all their luxury confids. In the hot feafon 
the Caffres go naked, and retain nothing but their orna¬ 
ments. In cold weather they wear crolfes, like their 
neighbours the Hottentots, made of calves’ or oxen’s 
hides, which reach to the ground ; but, whatever the 
weather be, both fexes go bare-headed, except that they 
Sometimes fix a plume of feathers in their hair. 
The CafFre huts are more fpaeious and higher than thofe 
of the Hottentots, and have alfo a more regular form. 
The frames of them are condru&ed of wooden work, well 
put together, and very folid, being intended to lad for a 
long time : for the Caffres, applying to agriculture, which 
the indolent Hottentots do not, remain fixed to one fpot, 
nnlefs fomething unexpected interrupt their repofe. A 
more perceptible indudry, an acquaintance with fome of 
the neceffary arts of life, a little knowledge of agricul¬ 
ture, and a few religious dogmas, feem to announce that 
the Caffres approach much nearer to civilization than the 
Hottentots. They entertain an exalted idea of the Su¬ 
preme Being ; they believe that the good will be reward¬ 
ed, and the wicked punidied, in a future (fate; but they 
have no notion of creation, which indeed was not admit¬ 
ted by the fages of Greece and Rome. They praCtife cir- 
cumcilion, but can give no account of its origin among 
them, or of the purpofe for which the practice is conti¬ 
nued. Polygamy is ufed among them ; and, on the death 
of a father, the male children and their mothers (hare the 
fuccedion. The girls remain with their mothers without 
property of any kind until they can procure hufbands. 
One very Angular cuflom of the Caffres is, that they do 
not, in general, inter their dead, but tranfport them from 
the kraal, or hut, to an open ditch, which is common to 
the whole horde. At this ditch lavage animals feed at 
their leiftire on the multitude of carcafes which are heap¬ 
ed together. Funeral honours are due only to kings and 
the chiefs of each horde, whofe bodies are covered with 
a heap of (tones collected into the form of a dome. 
This nation is governed by a general, chief, or king, 
whofe power is very limited. He appoints the fubordi- 
nate chiefs over the different hordes, and through them 
communicates his direiffions or orders. The arms of the 
Caffre are a club, two feet and a half in length, and where 
thicked three inches in diameter, and a plain lance or 
afl'agay, which they throw witli adonifliing (kill and force. 
He defpifes poifoned arrows, which are fo much ufed by 
fome of the neighbouring nations ; and with his two Am¬ 
ple weapons feeks always to meet his enemy face to face 
in the field. The Hottentot, on the contrary, concealed 
under a rock, or behind a budi, deals out definition, 
without beingexpofed to danger. Theone isa perfidious 
tiger, which rulhes treacheroully on his prey; the other 
is a generous lion, which, having given warning of his ap¬ 
proach, makes his attack boldly, and peridies if he pre- 
vail not againd his antagonid. They live fo familiarly 
amongd their cattle, and fpeak to them with fo much 
mildnefs, that they pay the mod perfeft obedience to their 
voice. Among the animals, are the tzezeiran, or blue 
antelope, and non, or gnou, a beautiful and rare animal, 
which in fiiape refembles a fmall ox ; there is alfo a fmall 
fpeciesof antelope, called nou-metges, which feldom ap¬ 
pears in the plains, but keeps itfelf concealed in the bufhes 
and thicked parts of the foreds, and is at the utmod not 
mote than twelve or fifteen inches in height. Among the 
birds are oliriches, budards, the green and golden cuckoo 
of the Cape, and a fpecies of fmall eagle, with a long red 
bill, the back, wings, and tail, of a lively blue, which 
feeds upon infe£ls, inhabits the woods, and makes its neff 
in hollow trees. Among the reptiles is the golden-yellow 
ferpenr, called kooper-capel, whofe bite is mortal ; they 
grow to the length of upwards of five feet, and nine inches 
in circumference. The women form veffels of clay, 
and weave bafkets of fo clofe a texture, as to be capable 
of holding milk or water. They principally prepare the 
fields for receiving feed, which is chiefly millet. The fi¬ 
gures of the male and female Caffres, in the annexed en¬ 
graving, are from M. Vaillant, who appears to be the only 
traveiier who has penetrated far into this favage and 
inhofpitable part of Africa, bordering on the Cape of 
Good Hope. Pennant, in his View of Hiridoodan, informs 
us, that great numbers of thefe Caffres are brought over 
to India by the Arabian merchants, who difpofe of them 
to the rajahs, and even to the Englidi, who form tliem 
into companies, and train them for the army, in which 
they have been often didinguidied for perfeverance, for¬ 
titude, and deliberate courage. 
CA'FR A, a town of Egypt, two miles ead of Siut. 
CAF'TAN,/". [Perfic.] A Perfian or Turkifh ved or 
garment. 
CAG,/. A barrel, or wooden veffel, containing four or 
five gallons. Sometimes written keg. 
C A G A'D A, a fmall id and of the Wed Indies, near the 
north-ead coad of Porto Rico. Lat. iS. 33. N.lon. 64. 
iq. W. Greenwich. 
CAGA'NUS, or Cac anus, f. An appellation anciently 
given by the Huns to their kings. The word appears alfo 
to have been formerly applied to the princes of Mufcovy, 
now called czar. From the fame alfo, probably, the Tar¬ 
tar title chant or khan, had its origin. 
CAGAYAN', or Cagean, a province in the northern 
parts of the idand of Lucon, populous and fertile. Bees 
are faid to be fo numerous, that the inhabitants burn wax 
indead of oil. 
CAGE , f. [cage, Fr. from cavea, Lat.] An inclofure 
of twigs or wire, in which birds are kept.—The reafon 
why fo few marriages are happy, is, becaufe young ladies 
fpend their time in making nets, not in making cages. Szuift. 
—A place for wild beads, incloied with pallifadoes. A 
prifon for petty malefaiStors. I n carpentry, an outer work 
of timber, enclofing another within it. In this fenfe we 
fay, The cage of a windmill. The cage of a (taircafe de¬ 
notes the wooden fides or walls which enclofe it. The 
cage of a (hip, is the uppermod carved work of the hull. 
To CAGE, v. a- To enclofe in a cage : 
He, fwoln and pamper’d with high fare, 
Sits down, and fnorts, cag'd in his badeet-chair. Donne. 
CA'GELO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
and province of Calabria Ultra; (ix miles S. W. of Girace. 
CAG'GAR, or Kenker, a river of I-tindoodan, which 
rifes in the Gomaun mountains, in lat. 30.45. N. Ion. 76. 
40. E. Greenwich, and runs into the fea at the mouth of 
the gulf of Cutch. 
CA'GLI, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Urbino, built 
near the ruins of the ancient Callium, on the Cantiano; 
the fee of abifhop, fuffragan of Urbino. It is eighteen 
miles fouth of Urbino, and fixteen ead of Citta de 
Cadello. 
CAGLI A'RI, a fea-port town, and capital of Sardinia, 
fituated on the fouthern part of the idand, with a large 
and fecure harbour, at the bottom of a gulf, (creened by 
a fmall ifland, called Pietra Laida, and defended with a 
caftle and fortifications. It is the refidence of a viceroy, 
and fee of an archbifhop. It contains five churches be- 
fides the cathedral, (three of which are collegiate,) and 
twenty-three convents, and 50,000 inhabitants. In 1708, 
this town was attacked by the Britifh fleet, under lir John 
Leake, for the fervice of the archduke Charles; and the 
inhabitants, dreading the dedruttion of the town, com¬ 
pelled the governor to furrender, after a few fiiot. In 
1717, it was re-taken by the Spaniards, and foon after¬ 
wards ceded to the houfe of Savoy, kings of Sardinia. 
Lat. 39. 25. N, Ion. 27. 7. E. Ferro. 
y CAGLIA'RI, 
