606 C A L 
foie, lord Charles Spencer, the famous earl of Sunderland, 
and his tutor Mr. Charles Trimne'.l, afterwards bhhop of 
Norwich and W.inchefter. .Whilft.he velided in Holland, 
an offer of a profetibr’s chair in the univerfity oi Edinburgh 
was made him by Mr. Carfoirs, principal of that univer- 
jity, which lie declined, and returned to England in 1691, 
bringing with him letters from Grtevius to Dr. Pocock, 
canon of Cbrift-church and regius-profefl'or of Hebrew, 
and to Dr. Edward Bernard, favilian profell'or of agrono¬ 
my, who obtained leave for him to profecute his (Indies in 
the Bodleian library. Having refolved to make divinity 
liis principal fludy, he entered into an examination of the 
controverfy between the conformiffs and non-conformifts, 
and was led to join the latter. Coming to London in 1692, 
lie was unanimoufly chofen affifont to Mr. Matthew Syl- 
vefter at Blackfriars; and Oftober 20, 1702, he was cho- 
jen one of the lecturers at Salter’s-hall, and in 1703 fuc- 
ceeded Mr. Vincent A Hop, as paftor of a great congrega¬ 
tion in Weftminfter. lie drew up the table of contents to 
Mr. Baxter’s Hiflory of Lis life and times, which was fent 
lo the prefs in 1696 ; and, refiefting on the ufefnlnefs of 
tiie book, lie faw the expediency of continuing it, for Mr. 
•Baxter’s hiflory came no lower than 1684. Accordingly 
he compofed an abridgement of it; with an account of 
many others of thole minifters who were ejefted after the 
refforation of Charles 11 . their apology for themfelves and 
their adherents; containing the grounds of their non-con¬ 
formity and practice, as to ftated and oceafional commu¬ 
nion with the church of England ; and a continuation of 
their hiflory till the-year 1691. This work produced the 
celebrated controverfy between this writer and Dr. Hoadly. 
In 1709 Mr. Calamy made a tour of Scotland, and had 
the degree of D. D. conferred on him by the univerfities 
of Edinburgh, Aberdeen, and Glafgow. In 1713 he pub- 
liHied a fecond edition of his abridgement of Mr. Baxter’s 
hiflory ; in 1718, he wrote a vindication of his grandfather 
and feveral other perfons, againft certain reflections call 
upon tliem by Mr. archdeacon Echard in his Iliftory of 
England; and in 1728 appeared his continuation of the 
account of the miniflers, lecturers, mailers and fellows of 
colleges, fcltool-mailers, who were ejefted and filenced 
after the refloration in 1660, by, or before, the aft of uni¬ 
formity. He died June 3, 1732. Befides the pieces al¬ 
ready mentioned, he publilhed a great many fermons on 
feveral fubjefts and occalions, particularly, A vindication 
of that celebrated text, 1 John v. 7, from being fpurious, 
and an explanation of it on t lie fuppofition of being genuine, 
in four fermons, preached at the Salter’s-hall leftures. 
CALAN', a town of France, in the department of the 
Higher Pyrenees, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 
trift of Tai hes : five leagues and a half eaft of Tarbes. 
CALAN'DA, a town of Spain, in Aragon, on the ri¬ 
ver Guadaloupe: three leagues weft-foutii-weftof Alkanitz. 
C ALAN'DRE,yi The French name for the corn-infeft, 
which does fo much mifehief in granaries. It is of the 
beetle clafs ; it has two antennae or horns, formed of a 
great number of round joints, and covered with a foft and 
ft-.ort down ; from the anterior part of the head there is a 
trunk, which is fo formed that the creature eafily makes 
v ay with it through the coat or Ikin that covers the grain, 
and gets at the meal or farina on which it feeds; the inlide 
of the grain is alfo the place where the female depofits her 
eggs, that the young progeny may be born with provifion 
about them. When the female has pierced a grain of corn 
for this purpofe, Ihe depofits in it one egg; thefe eggs 
hatch into fr. ll worms, which are ufually found with 
their bodies roiled up in a fpiral form, and, after eating till 
they arrive at their full growth, they are changed into 
chryfals, and from thefe in about a fortnight comes out the 
perfeft calandre. , 
CALAN' DRO, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the pro¬ 
vince of Caratnania : 100 miles fouth of Cogni. 
C ALA N'N AS, a town of Spain, in the county of Seville, 
near the river Odiel : forty miles north-well of Seville. 
CALA'NUS, an Indian philofopher, who followed 
C A L 
Alexander the Great in his expedition through the Indies-. 
Being tormented with the colic, after palling eighty-thrift 
years in health, he petitioned the conqueror to can fie a 
funeral pile to be erefted whereon he might finifli his days, 
according to the cuftom of his country. That prince, 
who loved and efteemed him, reluctantly yielding to his 
entreaties, ordered his army to range itfelf in order of 
battle round tlie funeral pile. Calanus, crowned with 
flowers, and magnificently habited, afeended the pile with 
a tranquil and compofed countenance, faying as lie went 
up, that, “having loft his health, and feen Alexander, 
life had nothing more to intereft him.” He bore the ac¬ 
tion of the fire without difeovering any figns of uneafinefs 
or pain ; and, on being alked if lie had nothing to fay to 
Alexander? “No, (returned the philofopher,) I reckon 
foon to receive him at Babylon.” Tlie hero dying three 
months afterwards in that city, the brachman was hence 
conlidered as a prophet. 
C ALAPIZZA'TI, a town of Italy, in tlie kingdom of 
Naples, and province of Calabria Citra: eight miles north- 
weft of Cariati. 
CALAP'PA,/! in botany. See Cocos. 
CALAS'CIO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Abruzzo Ultra : eight miles eaft of 
Aquila. 
CALASCIBET'TA, a town of Sicily, in the Val dt 
Noto : twelve miles fouth of Nicofia. 
CALASH', f. \_caleche, Fr. ] A (mail carriage of plca- 
fure.—The ancients nfed calafhes, the figures of feveral 
of them being to be feen on ancient monuments. They 
are very fimple, light, and drove by the traveller Ivimfelf. 
Arbuthnot .— A kind of hood ordrefs worn by ladies in wet 
or windy weather, 
CALA'SIO (Marius), a Francifcan, and profelFpr of 
the Hebrew language at Rome, who publilhed, in i62r, 
A Concordance of tlie Bible, in four volumes folio. -This 
performance has been highly approved and commended, 
and is indeed a mod valuable work. For befides the He¬ 
brew words in the Bible, which are in the body of the 
book, with the Latin verfion over againft them ; there 
are, in the margin, the differences between the feptuagint 
verfion and the vulgate ; fo that at one view may be feen 
wherein the three Bibles agree, and wherein they differ. 
Moreover, at the beginning of every article there is a kind 
of dictionary, which gives the lignification of each Hebrew 
word ; affords an opportunity of comparing it with other 
oriental languages, viz. with the Syriac, Arabic, and 
Chaldee; and is extremely ufeful for determining more 
exaftly the true meaning of the Hebrew words. 
CALASI'RIS, f. in antiquity, a linen tunic, fringed at 
the bottom, and worn by the Egyptians when they en¬ 
tered into tlie temples. 
CALAS'TRI, a town of Hindooftan, in the Carnatic : 
fifty-eight miles north-weft of Madras. 
CALA'TA BELLO'TA, a town of Sicily, in the val¬ 
ley of Mazara : fix miles fouth-eaft of Sciacca. 
CALA'TA FI'MI, a town of Sicily, in the valley of 
Mazara : nineteen miles eafl-fouth-eafl of Trapani. 
CALA'TA GIRO'NE, or Calagirone, a town of 
Sicily, in the valley of Noto, containing 9000 inhabitants: 
nineteen miles north-weft of Noto. 
CALA'TA MISSE'T-A, a town of Sicily, in the valley 
of Mazara: twenty-feven miles eaft-north-eaft of Girgenti. 
CALA'TA XI'BETA, a town of Sicily, in the valley 
of Noto : one mile north of Caftro Giovanni. 
CALATA 1 UD', a city of Spain, in Aragon, fituated at 
the foot of a hill, at the conflux of the Xalou and Xiloca, 
defended by a cafitle fituated on a rock. It contains thir¬ 
teen parifliesand fifteen convents: thirty-feven miles fouth- 
weft of Saragoffa, and eighty-five north-eaft of Toledo. 
CALA'THIAN VT'OLET,_/. in botany. See Genti- 
ANA PNEUMONANTHE. 
CA'LATHUS, /. in antiquity, a kind of bafket made 
of light wood or ruffles ; ufed by the women to gather 
flowers, but chiefly, after the example of Minerva, to put 
their 
