CAL 
which way foever they fall, one point (till lies upwards, 
generally thrown in breaches or bridges, to annoy an 
enemy’s horfe Alfo an inftrument with three iron fpikes 
ufed in hunting the wolf. 
C ALTU'R A, a port'and fortrefs of the ifl and of Ceylon, 
at the mouth of a river, which is one of the largeft 
branches of the Muliwaddy, and at this place is about a 
mile broad. It wadies two Tides of the fort, which com¬ 
mands it, and is navigable by boats to the fea. Caltura 
js did a nt about 28 miles from Columbo. Lat. 6. 34. N. 
Ion. 79. 50. E. 
CALVADOS', one of the departments of France, fo 
called from a long ridge of rocks, near the coaft of what 
was before called Normandy : the department extends 
from the mouth of the Seine eafterly, to the river Vire 
wefterly, about fifty miles, and thirty miles from north to 
fouth. Caen is the capital. 
CALVADOS', a ridge of rocks, near the coaft: of 
France, twelve miles in length. Lat. 49.22. N. Ion. 16. 
55. to 17. 14.E. Ferro. 
CALVA'RLA,/. in anatomy, the hairy fcalp,or upper 
part of the head, which, either by difeafe or old age, 
grows bald firfi. See the article Anatomy. 
CALVA'RT (Denys), a painter, born at Antwerp in 
1552, opened a fchool at Bologna in Italy, from whence 
proceeded Guido, Albano, Dominichino, and many other 
great mailers worthy of being his difciples. Calvart pof- 
fefled all the fciences that were either neceffary or ufeful 
to the art of painting; fuch are archite&ure, perfpedlive, 
and anatomy. His mod; remarkable pictures are at Bolog¬ 
na, at Rome, and at Reggio. They are highly valued tor 
difpofition, dignity, and colouring. Calvart died at Bo¬ 
logna in 1619, at the age of fixty-feven. 
CAL'VARY, or Golgotha, in ancient geography, a 
mountain of Paledine, held in the greated veneration as 
the fcene of our Saviour’s crucifixion. It acquired thefe 
names, probably, from its roundnefs, or refemblance to a 
human fkull, or, as others fay, from its being bare and 
deditute of verdure. It anciently dood without the walls 
of the city of Jerufalem, and vvastheplace where criminals 
were executed, according to the Mofaic law ; but the 
Roman emperor Adrian having ordered the city to be re. 
built a little to the north of its former dtuation, Mount 
Calvary was enclofed within the walls; and upon the fpot 
where our Saviour fuffered, an elegant and fpacious 
church is built, which the Turkith governor allows the 
Chridians to keep in good repair. 
CALU'BO ISLANDS, a cinder of ides fituated to the 
fouth-ead of Borneo ifland, in the Ead Indies. 
To CALVE, v. n. To bring a calf : fpoken of a cow: 
When die has calv'd , then fet the dam adde, 
And for the tender progeny provide. Drydtn. 
It is ufed metaphorically for any ad of bringing forth ; 
and fometimes of men, by way of reproach : 
I would they were barbarians, as they are. 
Though in Rome litter’d ; not Romans, as they are not, 
Though calved in the porch o’ th’ capitol. Shakefpeare. 
CALVELUZ'ZO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of 
Naples, and province of Bafilicata: ten miles fouth of 
Potenzo. , , . 
CALVENSA'NO, a town of Italy, in the duchy ot 
Milan, feated on the Adda. 
CALVENTU'RAS, a fmall ifland in the bay of Ben¬ 
gal, near the coall of Ava. Lat. 16. 54. N. Ion. 95. 20. 
E. Greenwich. . 
CALV'ERT (George), defeended from the ancient and 
noble houfe of Calvert, in the earldom of Flanders, and 
afterwards created lord Baltimore, was born at Kipling in 
Yorkthire, abou115S2. In 1393, lie became a commoner 
of Trinity college ir Oxford, and in February, 1597, lie 
took the degree of B. A. At his return from his travels 
he was made ferretary to Robert Cecil, one of the fecre- 
taries of Hate to James I. and in 1617 received the honour 
CAL 635 
of knighthood. February, 1619, he was appointed one 
of the principal fecretaries of ftate. Thinking the duke of 
Buckingham had been the chief inftrument: of his prefer¬ 
ment, he prefented him with a jewel of great value : but 
the duke returned it, acknowledging he had no hand in his 
advancement, for that his majefly alone had made choice 
of him on account of his great abilities. After having held 
the feals about five years, lie refigned them in 1624, frankly 
owning that he was become a Roman catholic. The king, 
neverthelefs continued him a privy-counfellor all his reign; 
and, in February 1C23, created him Baron of Baltimore, 
in the county of Longford in Ireland. While he was fecre. 
tary of (fate, he obtained a patent for him and his heirs to be 
abfolute lord and proprietor (with the royalties of a count 
palatine) of the province of Avalon in Newfoundland. This 
name he gave it from Avalon in Somerfetfhire, whereon 
Glafionbury (lands, thefirfl-fruits of Chriftianity in Britain, 
as the other was in that part of America. He laid out 2500I. 
in advancing this new plantation, and built a handlome 
houfe in Ferryland. After the death of king James, he 
went twice to Newfoundland. When M. de 1 ’Arade, with 
three French men-of-war, had reduced the Englifh fiflier- 
men there to great extremity, Ibrd Baltimore, with two 
fhips manned at his own expence, drove away the French, 
taking iixty of them prifoners, and relieved the Englifh. 
Neverthelefs, finding his plantation often expofed to the 
infultsof the French, he at 1 art abandoned it. He went 
to Virginia ; and, having viewed the neighbouring coun¬ 
try, returned to England, and obtained from Charles 1 . a 
patent to him and his heirs of Maryland. He died in 
London, April 15, 1632, before the grant was made out ; 
but his fon Cecil Calvert, lord Baltimore, who had been 
at Virginia, took it out in his own name, and the patent 
bears date June 20, 1632. He was to hold it of the crown 
of England in common foccage, as of the manor of Wind- 
for; paying yearly, on Eafier Tuefday, two Indian arrows 
at the caftle of Windfor, and the fifth part of the gold 
and filver ore that fliould be found therein. KingChailes 
gave that province the name of Maryland, in honour of 
his queen Henrietta Maria. The firfi colony lent thither 
confided of about 200 people, Roman catholics, thee hi 
of whom were gentlemen of good families, who attached 
themfelves to tiiis eminent politician. He wrote, 1. Car¬ 
men Funebre in D. Hen. Untonum ad Gallos bis Lega- 
tum, ibique nuper fato Fundtum. 2. Speeches in Parlia¬ 
ment. 3. Various Letters of State. 4. The Anfwer of 
Tom Tell-Truth. 5. The Pradtice oi Princes. 6. The 
Lamentation of the Kirk. 
CAL'VERT (James), fon of Robert Calvert, a gro¬ 
cer, and (heriffof York, was born on the Pavement in 
that ancient city. He was of Clare-hall, in Cambridge, 
contemporary with the famous arclibifliop Tillotfon. He 
bad been for feveral years at Topcliff, when lie was filen- 
ced by the adt of uniformity ; after which he retired to 
York, lived privately, but ftudied hard ; and there it was 
that he wrote his learned book concerning tlie ten tribes, 
intitled Naphthali, feu Colludlatio Theologica de Reditu 
decern Tribuum,Conver(ione J udreorum, et Menf. Ezkie- 
lis, Lond, 4to. 1672, dedicated to bilhop Wilkins. He 
died in December 1698. 
CAL'VERT, a county of the American States, in 
Maryland, on the weftern (bore of the Chefapeak ; about 
thirty-three miles long, and very narrow. 
CALVERT’S ISLAND, an ifland in the North Pacific 
Ocean, near the well coaft of North America. Lat. 50. 
40. N. Ion. 128. 10. W. Greenwich. 
CALVES,/, plu. of calf. The young of cows. 
CALVES-SNOUT,/ A plant; fnapdragon.^See An¬ 
tirrhinum. 
Antirrhinon, more modefi, takes the (file 
Of lion's-mauth, fometimes of 'calvcsjhout vile ; 
By us Jhap-dragon call’d, to make amends ; 
But fay, what this chimeric name intends ? Tate's Cozolty, 
CAL'VI, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
and 
