63S CAL 
try, dividing into many (lender brandies near the ground, 
covered with a brown aromatic bark, with two entire 
leaves placed oppolite at every joint on fhort foot-flalks ; 
the flowers grow (ingle on fliort peduncles at the extre¬ 
mity of the branches; they have two feries of narrow 
thick petals, which fpread open, and turn inward at the 
top, like thofe of the (tarry anemone, or the virgin’s bow¬ 
er; thefe are of a dufky purple colour, and have a difa- 
greeable fcent; they appear in May. The bark of this 
ihrub is brown, and has a very firong aromatic fcent ; 
whence the inhabitants of Carolina gave it the title of all¬ 
fpice. There are two varieties of it: i. Foliis oblongis, 
long-leaved Carolina allfpice. ii. Foliis fubrotundo-ova- 
tis, round-leaved Carolina allfpice. Mr. Catefby, who 
firft introduced it into the Englifh gardens in 1726, pro- 
■ cured it from the country fome hundred miles on the back 
of Charleflown in Carolina. It was very fcarce here till 
about the year 1757, when many plants were brought 
from Carolina, having been greatly increafed in the gar¬ 
dens near Charleflown. Miller gave it the name of Baf- 
teria, in honour of his friend Dr. Job Bader, F. R. S. of 
Zurick Zee, in Holland. About the fame time Duhamel 
'gave it the name o i Butnerid. 
2. Calycanthus priecox, or Japan allfpice : inner petals 
minute. Linnaeus fays, that this flirub is unknown to 
him ; that it feems to be of this genus, but a different fpe- 
cies, becaufe it flowers before the leaves, and the inner 
petals are faid to be yellow and fmaller. Native of Japan. 
Introduced in 1771, by Benjamin Torin, Efq. 
Propagation and Culture. This flirub will thrive in the 
open air in England, if it be planted in a warm fi t u at ion 
and dry foil. It is propagated by laying down the young 
branches, which will take root in one year, and may then 
be taken from the mother plant, and fet where they are 
defigned to remain, for they do not bear tranfplanting 
•well, after they are grown to any fize. When the layers 
are tranfplanted, the furface of the ground fliould be co¬ 
vered with mulch, to prevent the drying winds from pe¬ 
netrating the ground to the roots ; and, if the feafon prove 
dry, they mud be watered once a-week, but fliould not 
have too much wet, for that will rot their tender fibres. 
The bed time for laying down the branches is in autumn, 
but they fliould not be tranfplanted till the fpring twelve 
months after; for the fpring is the fafed time to remove 
thefe plants. After the branches are laid down, there 
fliould be fome old tanners’ bark laid upon the furface to 
keep out the frofl ; which fliould alfo be done every win¬ 
ter, whilfl the plants are young. 
CALYCIFLO'RZE, f. in botany, an order of plants in 
Linnaeus’s Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis. 
CALYCIS'T/E, J. [calyx, Lat. the flower-cup.] Syf- 
tematic botanids, to termed by Linnaeus, who have ar¬ 
ranged all vegetables from the different fpecies, ftrubture, 
and other circumdances, of the calyx or flower-cup. 
CA'LYCLE, f. [calyculus, Lat.] In botany, a row of 
fmall leaflets placed at the bafe of the calyx, on the out- 
lide. Calycle of the feed, is the outer proper covering or 
crown of the feed, adhering to it, in order to facilitate its 
difperfion. This word is evidently a diminutive of calyx. 
CA'LYDON, a city of ZEtolia, where Oeneus the fa¬ 
ther of Meleager reigned. The Evenus flows through it, 
and it receives its name from Calydon the fon of ZEtolus. 
During the reign of Oeneus, Diana fent a wild boar to 
ravage the country, on account of the negledt which had 
been (hewn to her divinity by the king. All the princes 
of the age afiembled to hunt this boar, which is greatly 
celebrated by the poets, under the name of the chace of 
Calydon, or the Calydonian boar. Meleager killed the 
animal with his own hand, and gave the head to Atalanta, 
of whom he was enamoured, Tfie (kin of the boar was 
preferved, and was dill feen in the age of Paufanias, in 
the temple of Minerva Alea. The tutks were alto pre¬ 
ferved by the Arcadians in Tegea, and Auguflus carried 
them away to Rome, becaufe the people of Tegea had 
followed the party of Antony. Thefe tilths were theyvn 
CAL 
for a long time at Rome. One of them was about half 
an ell long, and the other was broken. Ovid. 
CALYME'RE POINT, on the fouthern extremity of 
the ead coad of the Carnatic country, in Hindoodan. Lat. 
10. 23. N. Ion. 79. 55. E. Greenwich. 
CALYP'SO, in fabulous hiftory, one of the Oceanides, 
or one of the daughters of Atlas, according to fome, was 
goddefs of filence, and reigned in the itland of Ogygia, 
whofe fituation and even exidence is doubted. Where 
Ulydes was (hipwrecked on her coads, (he received him 
with great hofpitality, and offered him immortality if he 
would remain with her as a hulband. The hero refilled, 
and after feven years delay he was permitted to depart 
from the Aland by order of Mercury, the mefienger of 
Jupiter. During his day, Ulydes had two fons by Ca- 
lypfo, Nauiithous and Naudnous. Calypfo was inconfo- 
la’ole at the departure of Ulydes. Homer. 
CALYP'TER, f. [from Y.ctKvxia, to hide.] A flefhy 
excrefcence covering the haemorrhoidal vein. 
CALYP'TRA,/. [-/.uhviflcj, to cover.] In botany, the 
calyx or veil of modes, covering the anthers like a hood, 
according to Linnaeus, but not properly a calyx ; and the 
part which he calls the antherai , is in faft a capfnle. Old 
authors ufed this term for what Linnaeus calls the arillus 5 
and in this fenfe euonymus is faid to be calyptred, calyp - 
trate, or veiled, having a loofe covering over the peri- 
carpium. 
CALYPTR AN'THES, f. [y-ceXv-Pl^a, a veil, and aiS-r, 
a flower.] In botany, a genus of the chifs icofandria, or¬ 
der monogynia, natural order hefperideae. The generic 
characters are—Calyx : perianthium one-leaved, bell-fha- 
ped, truncate, toothlefs, or very obfeurely four-toothed, 
fuperior, permanent, covered with an orbicular, concave, 
deciduous, lid. Corolla: none. Stamina: filaments very 
many, capillary, inferted into the infide of the calyx at 
the rim ; antherae roundilh, twin, fmall. Piftillum : germ 
roundifli, fattened to the bottom of the calyx, two-celled, 
with a few feeds fixed to the partition ; tfyle fimple, fili¬ 
form, bent in the length of the dainens; fligma blunt. 
Pericarpium : berry globular or oblong, crowned with the . 
calyx, one-celled. Seed: tingle, or few, (lightly angular. 
— EJfential CkaraEler. Calyx, fuperior, truncate, covered 
with a veil-tliaped deciduous lid; corolla, none; berry 
one-celled, one to four feeded. 
Species. 1. Calyptranthes chytraculia ; arboreous, pe¬ 
duncles terminating, panicled, trichotomous, tomentofej. 
leaves ovate, attenuated at the tip. The leaves of this 
tree are fmooth and oppofite. The lid is fattened to the 
calyx laterally, hut afterwards turns back, and then.the 
filaments iflue forth, which before had been twitted and 
concealed. It is reckoned an excellent timber wood, but 
it feldom exceeds fourteen or fifteen inches in diameter. 
Native of Jamaica, chiefly in the parifli of St. John. In¬ 
troduced in 1778, by Thofnas Clark, M. D. 
2. Calyptranthes zuzygium: arborefeent, peduncles- 
axillary, trichotomous, patulous; leaves ovate, blunt; 
branches dichotomous. This flirub feldom rifes above 
ten or twelve feet in height; the whole is butliy, and 
bears black berries, crowned with the margin of the cup. 
Thefe contain four fmooth (lightly-angular feeds, one or 
two only of which ufually arrive at maturity. The flyle 
is longer than the ftamens, and the fligma is acute. Na^ 
tive of Jamaica. Introduced in 1778, by Dr. Clark. 
3. Calyptranthes rigida : arborefeent, peduncles foli- 
tary, axillary, three-flowered, or thereabouts ; leaves o- 
vate, acute, convex, veinlefs, rigid. Native of Jamaica. 
4. Calyptranthes jambolifera : leaves ovate, emarginate ; 
corymb terminating. This is a tree above the middle flze„, 
with fpreading branches ; leaves oppofite, quite entire, 
fmooth, hardidi, petioled; berry black, juicy, fweetifh- 
acid, and efculent. Native of the Ead Indies and China. 
5. Calyptranthes odorata : leaves ovate, obliquely trun¬ 
cate at the bafe; corymb terminating, diflich. This is a. 
fmall tree about five feet high, with a very draight (ingle 
fleni, and brachiate branches 5 berry white, dotted, fmooth, 
containing 
