the canal at Galgate, which is about fix miles to the fouth 
of Lancafter ; this cut is about four miles long, and has 
an immediate communication with the fea ; the fame rates 
of tonnage are allowed as on the main line. 
Basingstoke Canal. 
This begins at Baungftoke in Hampdiire, from the little 
river Loddon, and at a place called Newman-fprings, by 
the village of Bafing ; thence it was intended to pafs acrofs 
the road°to Newham, and to take, a (liarp turn round Til- 
ney-hall and park, almoft back again to near the town of 
Odiham ; but has now been carried flraight by a tunnel 
into the river Deepford ; whence it proceeds round Dog- 
mersfield-park to Crookham, flraight along by Alderfltot, 
over Dadbrook, which divides the counties, and thence 
turns up to Colingley-moor, and returns by Purbright and 
Oak-farm into the river Wey, near the village of Weftley. 
Its length is rather more than thirty-feven miles, with a fall 
of 195 feet in the lad fifteen miles, viz. from Dadbrook ; 
the other part, of twenty-two miles, is upon a level. '] here 
is a collateral branch over Hook-common to Turgis-green, 
of fix-miles. This canal promifes to be of great public 
utility, as it is intended to be carried on to join the navi¬ 
gation at Winchefter, which falls into the lea at South¬ 
ampton, whereby it will furnifii an eafy conveyance to and 
from the London market, and to the public dock-yards for 
vaft quantities of timber, which at this time lie ufelefs in 
the interior for want of fuch conveyance. 
Andover Canal. 
This canal begins at Barlow’s Mill, and takes in Pillhill- 
broolc; proceeds by Upper and Lower Clatford, Weftover, 
and round the village of Fullerton, at Kitcomb-bridge, by 
Lakeford, and through the town of Stockbridge, by Park- 
farm, Mitchelmerfli, and Timfbury, by Great-bridge, to 
the town of Romfey ; and thence crofs the great road 
from Saliibury to Winchefter and Lower Afhford, by 
Grove-place, to Redbridge, into the Southampton water; 
being a courfe of twenty-two miles and a half, and a fall 
of 176 feet nine inches. Before the navigation was made 
at Newbury, the markets at Andover were very large, and 
a very great corn-trade was carried on there ; but, after 
that time it declined, and was in a manner loft, infomuch 
that the farmers carried their corn even from thence to 
Newbury: but, when the canal from this place to Red¬ 
bridge was made, the trade of courfe returned to its old 
channel, efpecially as it opened a more eafy and cheap 
communication with London and Briftol; fo that, as the 
Newbur.y navigation took the trade away from Andover, 
this new canal eftedtually reftored it. 
Chester Canal 
Was begun in April 1772, and completed in a very (hort 
time, and is produdtive of great’advantages to the city of 
Chefter, and alio to the country through which it palfes. 
The courfe of this canal is out of the river Dee at Chef¬ 
ter, acrofs the'main road leading to Warrington, by Chrif- 
leton and Waverton, Hargrave, Huxly, and over Bralfey- 
greep, near Beefton-caftle, to Tiverton; from Tiverton it 
turns to the right, to Hurlefton, Adton, and Namptwich; 
going a courfe of about feventeen miles. Its rife from 
Chefter to Tiverton is 170 feet ten inches ; from thence to 
Namptwich is a dead level. 
Birmingham Canal. 
This begins at Birmingham, and proceeds to Wilfdon- 
green and Smethwick, by Weft Bromwich, Oldbury, over 
Poppy-green, by Church-lane, Tipton, and Bilfton ; by 
the fkirts of the town of Wolverhampton, by Gofbrook. 
mill, near Alderlley, into the Staffordfltire canal, which 
unites the grand trunk with the Severn'; being a courfe of 
twenty-two miles, with a rife from Birmingham to Smeth¬ 
wick of eighteen feet; from Smethwick to Wolverhamp¬ 
ton is a level; and from thence to Alderlley there is a fall 
of. u+ feet 1:1 the lhort fpace of one mile and three-quar¬ 
ters. Out of this canal, a! Weft Bromwich, there is a 
brand) which palfes over Ryder’s-green to the collieries at 
Wednefbury ; being four miles and three-quarters, witli a 
fall of forty-fix feet. The other canals to the feveral coal¬ 
mines and towns were (urveyed in 1775. A canal com¬ 
mences about a mile from the town of Dudley, and pro¬ 
ceeds acrofs Knowle-brook, through Urchill.coppice to 
Black-delft, and, taking a large circuit round Brierly-hill 
church, and acrofs Brittle-lade, falls into a canal on the 
left of Brockmore-green, which comes from Bromley-fens 
and Penlnett-chace, where there is a large refervoir of 
water, for a head to the navigation, of near twelve acres. 
It thence proceeds almoft in a flraight line to Wordfley, 
acrofs the high road from Stourbridge to Hampton, along 
Wordfley-field, and acrofs the river Stour, which runs up 
to Stourbridge, through Afficott-meadows, into the grand 
trunk, at thirty-four miles from the Trent navigation, and 
twelve from the Severn. At the elbow and confluence of 
the river Stour with the river Smeftall, very near Stour- 
ton, a branch goes off to the left by Wordfley-field, along 
Addenham-bank, by Woollafton, into the river Stour, at 
the extremity of the town of Stourbridge. Thediftances 
are as follow : From the junction of the Wolverhampton- 
canal to that of the Dudley canal, five miles, and the rife 
191 feet three inches; the branches to Stourbridge and to 
Penfnett refervoir are two miles one furlong, and level; 
from the Wolverhampton canal to the refervoir on Penf- 
nett-cha.ce the diftance is fix miles one furlong,, and the 
rife 191 feet three inches ; from Stourbridge to the branch 
of the refervoir, one mile and a quarter, and level. The 
proprietors of this canal are impowered to-make fuch new 
cuts as may be necelfary for the ufes of the collieries, &c„. 
Erewash Canal. 
At the time when the navigable canals were making in 
the interior parts of the country, it was propofed by the 
gentlemen and owners of the extenfive coal-mines in the 
neighbourhood of Heanor, Langley, Eaftwood, Awfvvorth, 
Colfall, Ilkefton, &c. to Carry their coals to the river 
Trent, which, for wanf of a water conveyance, lay ufelefs 
both to the owners and to the public. Accordingly a fur- 
vey was made in 1776 ; but it was not till 1777 that an 
acl was obtained for carrying the fcheme into execution. 
This canal is nearly parallel witli the river Erewafii, and- 
palfes by all the above coal-works or mines, and is carried 
over Nutt-brook, by an aqueduct, to Stapleford and San- 
dy-acre, and aerdfs the main road from Nottingham to* 
Derby, into the river Trent, nearly oppolite where the 
branch to the river Soar takes its departure, and not far 
from Sawley-ferry ; after a courfe of eleven miles and 
.three-quarters, with a fall of 1S0 feet eight inches.. 
Chesterfield Canal. 
The courfe of this canal begins at Chefierfield, and pro¬ 
ceeds by Rickett’s Mill, near Staveley-forge, by Stavely 
town and coal-works, to the beginning of the tunnel at 
Hartfhill; and at the length of 3000 yards conies out again* 
-near Pecx’s Mill, and proceeds thence to Workfop, acrofs ■ 
the Royton river at Kilton. It then takes a circuit to Bil- 
by-hall, and all round the town of Retford, except a ve¬ 
ry Iliort fpace; then turns from the fouth-weft to due 
north, and palfes by Wei ham, Clareborough, Clavvarth, 
and, round Crindley-on-the Hill, to Mifterton, into the 
river Trent, near Stockwith ; after travelling a courfe of 
forty-four miles and three-quarters, with a rife of forty- 
five feet from Chefierfield to Norwood, and a fall of 335 
feet from Norwood to the river Trent. This canal is of 
ineftimable advantage to the neighbouring country, in con¬ 
veying coals, lead, (tone, lime, and other heavy articles; 
which are now carried at one-fifth part of the ufual price 
of land-carriage, and with equal expedition. 
Canal from Weighton to the Humber. . 
This canal is cut through the low grounds from Mar¬ 
ket-Weighton, Blacktoft ? Evcringham, Hurfevvell, Seatons,, 
