C A N 
lively fufficient for their bodies to pafs. See the figure 
of the common lobller at the bottom of the annexed en¬ 
graving, 
2. The ftrtgofus, or plated lobfter, with a pyramidal 
fpiny fnouf; thorax elegantly plated, each plate marked 
near its junction with fit or t drire ; claws much longer than 
the body, thick, echinated, and tuberculated ; the upper 
fang trifid ; only three legs fpiny on their Tides; tail broad. 
The largcll of this fpecies is about (ix inches long. It 
inhabits the coads of AnglcTea, under dones,and fucr. It 
is very active; and, when taken, daps its tail againd the 
body with much violence and noife. 
3. The adaetts, or cray-fifh, with a projecting fnout 
llightly ferratefi on the Tides; a fmooth thorax; back 
fmooth; with two Tmall Tpines on each fide ; claws large, 
befet w ith Tmall tubercles; two fird pair oi legs clawed, 
the two next Tubulated ; tail confiding of five joints; the 
caudal fins rounded. It inhabits many of the rivers in 
England, lodged in holes which they form in the banks. 
Cardan fays, that this fpecies indicates the goodnefs of wa¬ 
ter:; for in the bed water they are boiled to the redded 
colour. 
4. The ferratus, or prawn, with a long ferrated fnout 
bending upwards; three pair of very long filiform feelers; 
claws Tmall, furnilhed with two fangs ; fmooth thorax ; 
five joints to the tail; middle caudal fin Tubulated, two 
outermod flat and rounded. It is frequent on our fhores 
among loofe dones, and taken on the furface over thirty 
fathoms depth of water; cinereous when alive, of a fine 
red when boiled. 
5. The crangon, or fhrimp, with long flender feelers, 
and between them two projecting laminae ; claws with a 
Tingle, hooked, moveable, fang ; three pair of legs ; feven 
joints in the tail ; the middle caudal fin Tubulated, the 
four others rounded and fringed, a fpine on the exterior 
fide of each Of the outmod. It inhabits the fhores of Bri¬ 
tain in vad quantities, and is the mod delicious of all the 
genus. 
6 . The fquilla, with a fnout like a prawn, but deeper 
and thinner ; the feelers longer in proportion to the bulk ; 
the Tufa-caudal fins rather larger 4 is, at full growth, not 
above half the bulk of the former. It inhabits the coads 
of Kent; and is fold in London under the name of the 
white J]/.rimp, as it affumes that colour when boiled. 
7. The atomos, or atom-lobder, with a (lender body ; 
filiform antennae ; three pair of legs near the head; be¬ 
hind which are two pair of oval veficulae; beyond are 
three pair of legs, and a flender tail between the lad pair. 
It is very minute, and the help of the microfcope is often 
neceffary for its infpeffion. 
8. The pulex, or flea-lobder, with five pair of legs, 
and two claws, imperfedt; with twelve joints of the bo¬ 
dy. It is very common in fountains and rivulets; fwims 
very fwiftly in an incurvated pofiure on its back ; embra¬ 
ces and protcdls its young between the legs; does not leap. 
9. The locud-lobder, with four antennae; two pair of 
imperfedt claws: the fird joint ovated ; body confids of 
.fourteen joints, in which it differs from the former. It 
abounds in dimmer on the fhores, beneath dones and al¬ 
gae : leaps about with vad agility. 
10. The diogenes, loldier-crab, or hermit-crab, with 
rough claws; the left claw is the longed (this being the 
only difference between the diogenes and bernardus)\ the 
legs ace Tubulated, and ferrated along the upper ridge; the 
•tail naked and tender, and furniflied with a hook by which 
it (ecures itfelf in its lodging. This fpecies is parafitic; 
and inhabits the empty cavities of turbinated fhells, chan¬ 
ging its habitation, according to its increafe of growth, 
from the fmall ncritc to the large whelk. Nature denies it 
•the drong covering behind, which it hath given toothers 
of this dais ; and therefore idire£ls it to take refuge in the 
defected cafes of other animals. They crawl very fad 
-with the fheil on their back ; and, at the approach of dan¬ 
ger,.draw themfelv.es within the (hell, and, thrufting out 
£he larger claw, will pinch very hard whatever moleds 
yo l. hi. No. J57. 
C E R. 70; 
them. Aridotlc dcfcriEes it very exactly under the name 
of . By the moderns it is called the foldier, from, 
the idea of its dwelling in a tent; or the hermit , from re¬ 
tiring into a cell. It is very diverting to obferve this ani¬ 
mal when it has occafion to change its fliell. The little 
foldier is feen bufily parading the fliore along that line of 
pebblei and (hells which is formed by the extremed wave, 
dill, however, dragging its old incommodious habitation 
at its tail, unwilling to part with one (hell, even though 
a troublefome appendage, till it can find another more 
convenient. It,is feen dopping at one fliell, turning it, 
and palling it by ; going on to another, contemplating that 
for a while, and then (lipping its tail from its old habita¬ 
tion to try on the new; this alfo is found to be inconve¬ 
nient, and it quickly returns to its old (hell again. In 
this manner it frequently changes, till at laft it finds one 
light, roomy, and commodious; to this it adheres, though 
the fliell be fometiines fo large as to hide the b»dy of the 
animal, claws and all. Yet it is not till after many trials, 
and many combats alfo, that the foldier is thus completely 
equipped; for there is often a conted between two of 
them for Come well-looking favourite (hell for which they 
are rivals. They both endeavour to take podedion, they 
drike with their claws, they bite each other, till the wCak¬ 
ed is obliged to yield by giving up the objebt of difpute, 
It is then that the victor immediately takes podedion, and 
parades it in his new conqued three or four times back¬ 
ward and forward upon the (fraud before his envious an- 
tagonid. When this animal is taken, it fends forth a fee¬ 
ble cry, endeavouring to feize the enemy with its nippers ; 
which, if it fadens upon, it will fooner die than quit the 
grafp. The hermit-crabs moltly frequent thole parts of 
the fea-fliores which are covered with (limbs and trees, 
producing various wild fruits on which they feiblift; tho’ 
they will alfo feed on the fragments of fidi and other ani¬ 
mal fubdances call on fliore. When roaded in the fheil, 
they are edeemed delicate. The hermit-crab, hung in 
the air, didblves into a kind of oil, which is (aid to cure 
the rhaumatifm, if rubbed upon the part. 
11. The vocans, or fand-crab, is of a fmall fiz.e ; its co¬ 
lour light brown, or dufky white. It has eight legs, and 
two claws, one of which is double the (ize of the other: 
thefe claws ferve both (o defend and to feed themfelvea 
with. The head has two fquare holes, which are recep¬ 
tacles for its eyes ; out of which it thruds them and draws 
them in again at pleafure. Their abode is only on the 
fandy (bores of Ilathera, and many others of the Bahama, 
iflands. They run very fad, and retreat from danger in¬ 
to little holes they make in the fund. 
12. The grapfus, or red mottled crab, with a round bo¬ 
dy, the legs longer and larger than in the other kinds ; the 
claws red ; except which the whole is mottled in a beau¬ 
tiful manner with red and white. Thefe crabs inhibit 
the rocks hanging over the fea; they are the nimbled of 
all others, and run with furprifing agility along the up¬ 
right fide of a rock, and even under the rocks that hang 
horizontally below the, water. This they are often necef- 
fitated to do to efcape the alfaults of rapacious birds that 
purfne them. Thefe crabs never go to land; but fre¬ 
quent moflly thofe parts of tfie promontories and iflands 
of rocks in and near the fea, where, by the continual and 
violent agitation of the waves againd the rocks, they are 
always wet, continually receiving the fpray of the fea, 
which often wadies them into it; but they indantly return 
to the rock again, not being able to live under water, and 
yet requiring more of that element than any of the crufe 
taceous kinds that are notfifli. 
13. The granulatus, or rqugh-lbelled crab: thefe are 
pretty large, and are commonly taken from the bottom of 
the Tea in (hallow water; the legs are fmall in proportion 
to the body, the two claws are remarkably large and 
flat. The whole (hell is covered with innumerable little 
tubercles like (hagreen; the colour is brown, varioudy 
dained with purple. 
14. The cancer erythropus, or red-claw crab, is of a 
S K fmall 
