C A 
m attacking the bull is well known ; its fury in feizing, 
end its invincible obdinacy in maintaining, its lipid, are 
truly adonidiing. It always aims at the front; and gene¬ 
rally faftens upon the lip, the tongue, the eye, or fome 
part of the face ; where it hangs, in fpite of every effort 
of the bull to difengage himfelf. The uncommon ardour 
of thefe dogs in fighting will be bed illufirated by the fol¬ 
lowing fad, related by an eye-witnefs; which at the fame 
time corroborates, in fome degree, the wonderful account 
of the dogs of Epirus, given by iElian, and quoted by Dr. 
Goldfmith in Ins hifiory of the dog :—Some years ago, at 
a bull-baiting in the north of England, when that barbar¬ 
ous cuftom was more common, a youn^man, confident of 
the courage of his dog, laid fome trifling wager, that he 
would, at feparate times, cut off all the four feet of his 
dog ; and that, after every amputation, it would attack 
the bull. The cruel experiment was tried ; and the dog 
continued to feize the bull as eagerly as if he had been 
perfectly whole. As the bull-dog always makes his attack 
without barking, it is very dangerous to approach him a- 
lone, without the greateft precaution. We have been at 
fome pains to give correct figures of the bull-dqg and maf- 
tiffin the annexed engraving, becaufe they are often cele¬ 
brated in the old Englilh authors, as well as in feveral of 
the dailies ; and, becaufe, in a few generations more, the 
breed of both will probably be extind. 
VI. Docs of the South-Sea Islands, &c. Thefe 
were brought originally from New Guinea, which the na¬ 
tives of the South Sea iflands call the mother of lands, and 
are now found in the Society Illand, New 'Zealand, the 
Low Iflands, and in New Holland. Of thefe there are 
two varieties ; the firft refembling the fharp-nofed fliep- 
■ herd’s dog. Thofe of New Zealand are of the largeft fort. 
In the Society Iflands they arc eaten as common food, and 
are fatted with vegetables, which the natives cram down 
their throats when they will voluntarily eat no more. They 
are killed by drangling, and the extravafated blood is pre- 
ferved in cocoa-nut (hells, and baked for the table. They 
grow very fat, and are allowed, even by Europeans who 
have got over their prejudices, to be very fweet and pa¬ 
latable. But the fade for the flefh of thefe animals was 
rot confined to the iflanders of the Pacific Ocean. The 
ancients reckoned a young and fat dog excellent food, ef- 
pecially if it bad been cadrated. Hippocrates placed it on 
a footing with mutton and pork ; and in another place fays, 
that the flefn of a grown dog is wholefome and drengthen- 
ing. The Romans admired fucking puppies; they facri- 
• ficed them to their divinities, and thought them a fupper 
in which the gods themfelves delighted. The fecond va¬ 
riety is, the barbet, whofe hair, being long and (baggy, is 
much valued by the New Zealanders for trimming their 
ornamental drefs. This variety is not eaten. The iflan¬ 
ders never ufe their dogs for any purpofes but their fur; 
and take great care of them on that account. They are ex- 
ceflively ftupid ; they have a very bad nofe for fmelling, 
and feldom bark, but howl t re mend ou fly. The New Zea¬ 
landers feed their dogs entirely on fi(h. The dog found at 
Botany-bay, or in New Holland, is deferibed by governor 
Philip as a very elegant animal ; it has fhort, efe£t, fliarp- 
pointed, ears ; a fox-like head ; and the colour of the up¬ 
per part of the body is pale brown, but grows lighter to¬ 
wards the belly ; the hind part of the fore legs, and fore 
part of the hind legs, are white : the feet are all of the 
fame colour; the tail very bulky ; length about two feet 
and a half; the tail not a third of that of the body; the 
Iieight about two feet. Two of thefe have been brought 
alive to England.; they are exceflively fierce, and do not 
Ihew any marks of being brought to a date of domedicitv. 
It laps like other dogs ; but neither barks nor growls 
when provoked ; but ereifts its hairs like bridles, and 
feenis quite furious. It is eager after its prey ; and is fond 
of rabbits and fowls, but will not touch dred'ed meat; it 
is very agile. It once feized a French dog by the loins, 
and would have foon dedroyed it had not help been at 
Stand. It leaped with great eafe on the back of an afs, and 
would have worried it to death, had not the afs been re¬ 
lieved, for it could not difengage itfelf from the affailant. 
It was known to hunt down deer and (lieep. J he Niar- 
quefas, Friendly Ides, New Hebrides, New Caledonia, and. 
Eadern Ides, have not yet received any of thefe animals. 
The alcos of America are a very Angular race of dogs, 
fee rain g to bear little or no affinity with any other of the 
genus. They are modly fpotfed with black ; and the'fe¬ 
male has fix confpicuous paps. A figure of the fat alco is 
delineated in the annexed plate. 
With regard to the propagation of dogs, the' females 
admit the nudes before they are twelve months cld. They 
remain in feafon fen, twelve, or even fifteen, days, during 
which time they will admit a variety of males. They come 
in feafon generally twice in the year, and more frequently 
in the cold than in the hot months; The male discovers 
the condition of the female by the fmell ; but file feldotn 
admits him the firft fix or feven days. One coition will 
make her conceive a great number of young ; but, when 
not redrained, die will admit feveral dogs every day ; (he 
feenis to have no choice or predileiftion, except in favour 
of large dogs : from this uirctimffance it fometimes hap¬ 
pens, that a fmall female, who has admitted a maftiff, pe- 
rifiies in bringing forth her young. During the time of 
copulation, thefe animals cannot feparate tlremfelves, but 
remain united fo long as the ereedion fubfids. This \i 
owing to the drudture of the parts. The dog has not 
only a bone in his penis, but in the middle of the 'corpus 
caveniofum there is a large hollow, which is blown up in 
the time of erection to a confiderable bulk. The female, 
on the other hand, has a larger clitoris than perhaps any 
other animal : befkles, a large firm protuberance rifes in 
the time of copulation, and remains perhaps longer than 
that of the male, and prevents him front retiring till it 
fubfides : accordingly, after the a £1 of penetrating is ef- 
feffed, the males turns about in order to ted himfelf on 
his legs, and remains in that pofition till the parts turn 
flaccid. See Comparative Anatomy, vol. i. p. 655. 
They generally bring forth from fix to ten puppies. Thofe 
of a fmall fize bring forth five, four, and fometimes but 
two. They continue to copulate and bring forth during 
life, which lads generally about fourteen or fifteen years. 
The whelps are commonly blind, and cannot open their 
eyes till tenth or twelfth day : the males are generally like 
the dog, the females like the bitch. The dog, the wolf, 
and the fox, generate in the fame way, and are certainly 
derived from one original parent. All the variety we be¬ 
hold in them, is either produced by change of climate, or 
the accidental effe6t of (oil, food, or fit-nation ; or from the 
idiie of human care, experiment, or caprice. Every huntf- 
man knows what a vad alteration may be made in dogs, 
by indudrioully improving the breed for twenty or thirty 
years. Nature wifely tends to render every kind of crea¬ 
ture fit for the country where it is to inhabit, or be em¬ 
ployed, which is the reafon why hounds, and all other 
animals, degenerate, by being removed into contrary cli¬ 
mates. This is manifed from the following experiment ; 
if a couple of right fduthern hounds be removed to the 
north, and differed to propagate without art or mixture, 
they will, by fenfible degrees, decline into lighter bodies, 
and diriller accents ; and in the fame way are all dogs va¬ 
ried, by being carried from one country to another. But 
the utmod efforts of human indudry and contrivance, whe¬ 
ther afTt(ted by change of climate, or mixture of breed, 
could never add one new fpecies to the works of the crea¬ 
tion. Nature is dill uniform as to the main, nor differs the 
Almighty Creator to be imitated by Ihort-lighted mortals'. 
In fpite of alt, the mod curious projector cannot produce 
one amphigeneous animal that will increafe and multiply. 
There appears a didinbt fpecific difference in all living 
creatures ; the horfe, the dog, the bear, the goat, how¬ 
ever diverfified by art, by copulation, or by climate, ei¬ 
ther in fize, diape, or figure, will ever difeover fomething 
that approximates to the charafler of their fpecies. Above 
all, the peculiar iudinCt and appetite for generation will 
prompt 
