C A U 
The principal towns are Kkaterinograd, Aftrachan, Kizlaa, 
and Eifkoi. 
CAUCHU'MILI, a fmall Turkifli ifland, in the Medi¬ 
terranean : twenty miles foil th-weft of Stanchio. Lat. 36. 
30 N. ion. 44. 10. E. Ferro. 
CAU'CON, a fon of Clinus, wlio firE introduced the 
Orgies into MeiFenia from Eleufis. Paufanius. 
CAUCO'NES, a people of Paphlagonja, originally in- 
habitants of Arcadia, or of Scythia, according to fome ac¬ 
counts. Some of them made a fettlement near Dymse in 
Elis. Strabo. 
CAU'DA,/. [from cado, Lat. to fall, becaufe it hangs 
or falls down behind.] In anatomy, a name of the os coc- 
evgis, that being in tailed animals the beginning of the 
tail, or, according to lord Monboddo, it is the human tail 
itfelf. A flefhy fiibfta'nce protuberating from the lips of 
the vagina of the pudendum muliebre, refembling a tail. 
An elongation of the clitoris. In botany, it means the 
middle rib of a leaf, which connects the leaf with the 
ffalk. Many herbs are alfo named cauda , with the affixed 
name of fome animal whofe tail the herb is fuppofed to be 
Eke, as cauda equina, horfe-tail; cauda muris, moufe-tail, See. 
CAU'DA C APRICQR'NI, a fixed Ear of the fourth 
magnitude, in the tail of Capricorn ; Called alfo, by the 
Arabs, Dineb Algcdi\ and y by Bayer. 
CAU'DA CE'Tl, a fixed (tar of the third magnitude; 
called alfo, by the Arabs, Dineb Kactos ; marJced (3 by Bayer. 
CAU'DA CYG'NI, a fixed Ear of the fecond magni¬ 
tude, in the Swan’s tail ; called by the Arabs, Dineb Adi 
gege, or FJdegiagich ; and marked cc by Bayer. 
CAU'DA DELPHI'NI, a fixed Ear of the third mag¬ 
nitude, in the tail of the Dolplun ; marked t by Bayer. 
CAU'DA DRACO'NIS, or Dragon’s tail, the moon’s 
fouthern or defeending node. 
CAU'DA LEO'NIS, a fixed Ear of the firE magnitude, 
in the Lion’s tail ; called alfo, by the Arabs, Dineb Eleced ; 
and marked (3 by Bayer. It is called alfo Lucida Cauda. 
CAU'DA UR'S^E MAJO'RIS, a fixed Ear of the third 
magnitude, in the tip of the Great Bear’s tail; called alfo, 
by the Arabs, Alalioth, and Bencnatk ; marked r, b\ Bayer. 
CAU'DA UR'SjD MINO'RIS, a fixed Ear«f the third 
magnitude, at the end of the Lelfer Bear’s tail; called alfo 
the Pole Star , and, by the Arabs, Alrukabak ; and marked 
a, by Bayer. 
CAUD AM A'TRIS, a town of the ifland of Ceylon : 
fixty-four miles north-weft of Canon 
C AU'DAR, a river of Spain, which runs into the Xu- 
car, a little above Cuenya. 
CAU’DEBEC, a town of France, and principal place 
of a diDriel, in the department of the Lower Seine, fitu- 
ated on the Seine: it is furrounded with walls, Hanked 
with towers : the town is not large, but populous and 
commercial : five leagues weE of Rouen, and eight e.dt of 
Havie. Lat. 49. 33. N. Ion. 18. 23. E. Ferro. 
CAU'DEBEC,/ A fort of light hat, fo called from 
the above town in France, wheie they were firE made. 
CAODECOS'TE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Lot and Garonne, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diEritS of Valence : -two leagues and a half fouth-eaft 
of Agen. 
CAU'DEX,/. [from credo, Lat. to cut down.] In bo¬ 
tany, the Eem or trunk of a tree. According to Linnaeus, 
when a feed germinates, the defeending Eem (taudex def- 
cendens) terminates in roots; the'afeending ftem (caudex 
ajeendens) , in branches and leaves. 
CAU'DIES, a town of France, in the department of 
the EaEern Pyrenees, and chief place ol a canton, in the 
diftrdt of Perpignan; nine leagues weft-north-well of 
Perpignan. 
CAUDIPAN', a country or kingdom in the ifland of 
Celebes. 
CAU'DIUM, a town of Samnium, on the Via Appia, 
between Calatia and Beneventum : Caud'inus, the epithet. 
The Caudinat Furcae 3 or Furculac , were memorable by the 
difgrace of the Romans; being fpears difpofed in the form 
C A V 923 
of a gallows, under which prifoners. of war were made to 
pals, and gave name to a defi'e or narrow pals near Cau- 
dium, Livy ; where the Samnites obliged the Roman army 
and the two confuls to lay down their arms, and pafs un¬ 
der the gallows, or yoke, as a token of fubjeftion. 
CAU'DLE,/ [ chaude.au , Fr.] A mixture of wine and 
other ingredients, given to women in child-bed, and lick 
perfons. 
To C AU'DLE, v. a. To make caudle ; to mix as caudle: 
Will the cold brook, 
Candied with ice, caudle thy morning toaE, 
To cure thy o’envght’s forfeit ? Shakrfpearc. 
CAU'DROT, a town of France, in the department of 
tlie Gironde, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift of 
Reolle, on the Garonne : five miles weft of Reolle. 
CAVE,/ [cave, Fr. cavea, Lat. ] A cav.ern ; a den ; a 
hole entering horizontally under the ground ; a habitation 
in the earth : 
Bid him bring his power 
Before fun-riling, leE his fon George fall 
Into the blind cave of eternal night. Skakejpeare. 
A hollow; any hollow place: not now ufed. —The objedt" 
of fight doth ftrike upon the pupil of the eye diredtly ;• 
whereas the cave of the ear doth hold off the found a little. 
Bacon. —Caves were undoubtedly the primitive habitations 
of men, before they began to build edifices above-ground. 
The primitive method of burial was alfo to depofite the 
bodies in caves, which feems to have been the origin of 
catacombs. They long continued the proper habitations 
of Ihepherds. Among the Romans, caves (antra) ufed to 
be confecrated to nymphs, who were worfiiipped in caves, 
as oilier gods were in temples. The cave of the nympR 
Egeria is Eill fhewti at Rome. Kircher, after Gaffarellus, 
enumerates divers fpecies of caves ; as divine, natural 
&c. Bryant, in his Analyfis of Ancient Mythology, lurs 
fatisfaflorily Eiewn, that caves were accounted facred, 
whenever temples were founded near them. Oftentimes, 
indeed, the cave itfelf was a temple. Caieta, near Cuma 
in Italy, was fo denominated on this account. It was a 
cave in the rock, abounding with variety of fub'erranes, 
cut out into various apartments. Thefe were of old in¬ 
habited by Amonian prieEs, i\ L10 fettled in thefe parts 
very early. Kauxch;, or Kaiara;, a Vompound of Cai- 
Adas, the Houfe of Death, was a cavern of great depth 
and extent at Lacedaemon, with a building over it; of 
which, in after-times, they made ufe to confine malefac¬ 
tors. Cacus’s den, was alfo a facred cave, where Chits 
was worfiiipped, and the rites of fire were praiftifed. It 
is the fame name as Cufcha in Ethiopia, only reverted. 
The caves now principally noticed, are thofe of Ephefus, 
Salfette, Antiparos, Elephanta, the Peak in Derbyshire, 
&c. winch fee under their refpedtive names. 
It would be a curious and intertEing fubjedl of enquiry, 
and would tend greatly to elucidate the phyfical hiEory of 
the earth, and no lefs the hiEory of fociety, if we could 
trace the various forts of fubterfaneous excavations, na¬ 
tural and artificial, which have been formed or diicovered 
in different ages of the world. If we adopt the fuggef- 
fion of many modern philofopliers, that, at the period 
whehis commonly eEeemed the era of the creation of 
the world, our earth was not actually raided out of non- 
ex-ifience, but only moulded by tbe hand of the Almighty 
into a new form, after having undergone perhaps num- 
berlefs liniilar revolutions; we are then obliged to take 
up 4s phyfical hiEory in the middle, and to view it as 
a broken (yftem, the imperfect parts of which no efforts 
of human ingenuity can re It ore. Upon this idea, we 
mu ft give up the hope of being able to clafs the vari¬ 
ous phenomena which it exh.bits ; and hence the im- 
poilibility of accounting for rhe natural excavations 
and deep and dilmyj caverns found in different coun¬ 
tries. Many are undoubtedly the effedts of earthquakes, 
iubterraneous ravages by fire and water, and volcanic 
irruptions; 
