irruptions; and fume may have been produced by 
extraordinary accidents which have happened on the 
earth’s furfacs. Even many of thofe >\ h.ch have been 
formed by human art, as catacombs, or fepulmres of the 
dead, or as temples or repolitories of ancient prieiis or idols, 
have eluded the utmoft relearch of human induftry, in its 
endeavours tt/ ascertain the.r date and origin, or the me¬ 
thods by which fuch Herculean labours were performed, 
part culariy thofe t)f Afia and Egypt. 
CAVE (William), a learned Englifh divine, born in 
16 7, educated in St. John’s college, Cambridge ; and htc- 
rellivcly minift -r of Hafely in Oxfordftv.re, Allh.dloas the 
.Great in London, and of lflington. He became chaplain 
to Charles II. and in 1684 was inftalled a canon of Wind- 
for. He compiled the Lives of the primitive Fathers ia 
tire three firft Centuries of the Clmrch, w hicli is efteemed 
a very u'leful work; and Hiftoria Liiterara, &c. in which 
lie gives an exaCt account of all who had written for or 
againft Chriftianity, from the time of Chrift to the four¬ 
teenth. century ; which works produced a warm eontro- 
verf\ between Dr. Cave and M. Le Cletc, who was then 
writing his BibliothequeUniverfelle in Holland, and who 
charged the doff or w ith partiality. Dr. Cave died in 1713. 
CAVE (.Edward), an eminent printer, celebrated as the 
projector of the Gentleman’s Magazine, the firft publica¬ 
tion of the fpecies, and lince, “ the fruitful mother of a 
thoufand more.” He was born in 1691, at Rugby in War- 
vickfhire, and was educated at the free-fchool of that 
town, and afterwards placed himfelf with a collector of 
excife, until he went to London in queft of more fuitable 
employment. He was recommended to a timber mer¬ 
chant at the Bankfide, with whom he evinced great mer¬ 
cantile abilities ; but this place he left, and became a pu¬ 
pil to Mr. Collins, a printer of reputation., and deputy al¬ 
derman. This was a profefli.on for which men were qua¬ 
lified by literary endowments ; and which was pleating to 
Cave becaufe it furnifhed fome employment for his (cho- 
laftic attainments. Here he attained fo much (kill in his 
art, and gained fo much the confidence of ills mafler, that 
he w as fent,without any fuperintendant, to conduct a print¬ 
ing-office at Norwich, and publilh a weekly paper. In 
this undertaking he met with fome oppofhion, which pro¬ 
duced a public con trover fy,- and firft procured young Cave 
the reputation of a writer. When his apprenticelhip was 
over, he married, and afterwards obtained, by his wife’s 
intereft, a fmall place in the pod-office. He corrected the 
•Gradus ad Parnafthm, and was Liberally rewarded by the 
company of ftationers. He wrote an Account of the Cri¬ 
minals, which had for fome time a conliderable fale ; and 
publiffied many pamphlets that accident brought into his 
hands, of which it would be very difficult to recover the 
memory. He was afterwards raifed to the office of clerk 
of the franks, in which he ailed with great fpirit andfirm- 
nefs; and often flopped franks which were given by mem- 
beis of parliament to their friends, becaufe he thought 
fuch extension of a private right illegal. This raifed 
many complaints; and the influence that was exerted 
.againft him procured his ejeCtment from the port-office. 
He had now, however, collected a him fufficient for the 
purchafe of a fmall printing-office, and began the Gentle¬ 
man's Magazine, an undertaking to which lie owed the af¬ 
fluence in which he parted the latl twenty years of his life, 
and the large fortune which he left behind him. He died 
Jan. to, 1754, having juft concluded Itis twenty-third an¬ 
nual collection. 
CAVE HILL, a mountain of Ireland, in the county of 
Antrim : four miles north of Belfaft. 
CA'VEAT, J. [caveat, Lat. let him beware.] Intima¬ 
tion of caution.—A caveat is an intimation given to fome 
ordinary or ecclefiaftical judge by the act of man, notify¬ 
ing to him that he ought to beware how he aCts in fuch 
or fuch an affair. Aylijje. 
CA'VEAT, in law, a procefs in the fpiritual court to 
flop the jnftitution of a clerk to a benefice, or probate of a 
will, See. When a caveat is entered againft an inftitution, 
C A V 
if the hilltop afterwards inftitutes a clerk, it is void ; the 
caveat being a fuperfedeas: but a caveat has been adjudged 
void when entered in the life-time of the incumbent. A 
caveat entered againft a will nanus in force for three 
months ; and this is for the caution of the ordinary, that he 
do no wrong; though, it is laid the’temporal courts do not 
regard thefe forts of caveats. 1 Roll. Rep. 191. 1 Ndf. 
Abe. 416. 
CAVE'DO, f. A Portuguefe long meafure, equal to 
27 Titoo Englifh inches. 
CA'VENDISH, a town in Windfor county, Vermont, 
weft of Weathersfield, on the black river, having about 300 
inhabitants. Upon this river, and within this townftv.p, 
the channel lias been worn down 100 feet, and rocks of 
very large dimenfions have been undermined, and thrown 
down one upon another. Holes are wrought in the rocks, 
of various dimenfions and forms ; fome cylindrical, from 
one to eight feet in diameter, and from one to fifteen feet 
in depth; others are of a fpherical form, from !i x to twenty 
feet diameter, worn alrnoft perfectly fniooth, into the folid 
body of a rock. 
CA'VENDISH (Thomas), of Suffolk, the fecond E11* 
glifhman that laiied round the globe, was defeended from 
a noble family in Devonlhire. Having diffipated his for¬ 
tune, lie refolved to repair it at the expence of the Spani¬ 
ards, with whom the Englifh were then at war. He laiied 
from Plymouth with two fmall (hips in July, 1386; palled 
through the-ftraights of Magellan ; took many rich prizes 
along the coafts of Chili and Peru; and near California 
poftefled himfelf of the St. Ann, an Acapulco ftiip, with 4 
cargo of immenfe value.. He completed the circumnavi¬ 
gation of the globe, by returning home round the Cape of 
Good Hope, and reached Plymouth again in September, 
1588. On his arrival, it is faid, that his foldiers and failors 
were clothed in filk, his fails were darnalk, and his topmall 
was covered with cloth of gold. His acquired riches did 
not laft long : he reduced himfelf, in 1591, to the expedi¬ 
ent of another voyage ; which was far from being fo fuc- 
cefsful as the former; he went no farther than the ftraits 
of Magellan, where the weather obliging him to return, he 
died of grief on the coaft of Brazil. 
CA'VENDISH (Sir William), born about the year 
1303, was the feeond fon of ThomasCavendifti, of Caven- 
difh in Suffolk, clerk of the pipe in the reign of Henry 
VIII. Having had a liberal education, he was taken into 
the family of cardinal Wolfey, whom he ferved in the ca¬ 
pacity of gentleman uffier of the chamber, when that fu- 
perb prelate maintained the dignity of a prince. In 1527 
he attended his mailer on his fplendid embafly to France, 
returned with him to England, and was one of thefew who 
continued faithful to him in his difgrace. Mr. Cavendifh 
was with him when he died, and delayed going to court 
till he had performed the laft duty of a faithful fervant by 
feeing his body decently interred. The king was fo far 
from difapproving of his conduct, that he immediately 
took him into his houfehold, made him treafurer of his 
chamber, a privy counfellor, and afterwards conferred on 
him the order ot knighthood. He was alfo appointed one 
of the comtnillioners for taking the furrender of religious 
houfes. In 1340 he was nominated one of the auditors of 
the court of augmentations, and foon after obtained a 
grant of feveral confiderable lordfhips in Hertfordffiire. 
In the reign of Edward VI. his eftates were much increafed 
by royal grants in ieven different counties; and he appears 
to have continued in high favour at court during the reign 
of queen Mary. He died in 1557, and was the founder of 
Chatfworth, and anceftor of the dukes of Devonfhire. He 
wrote the Life and Death of Cardinal Wolfey, printed at 
London 1667 ; reprinted in 1706, under the title of Me¬ 
moirs of the great Favourite Cardinal Wolfey. 
CA'VENDISH (William),duke of Newcaftle, grandfon 
of the above Sir Wm. Cavendilh, was born in ,1592. In 
1610 he was made knight of the Bath; in 1620 raifed to 
the dignity of a peer, by the title of baron Ogle and vifeount 
Mansfield; and in the third year of Charles I. was created 
4 earl 
