9 %6 C A V 
their majefties' houlhold; and, April 3, 16S9, chofen a 
knight of the garter. At their coronation he aSfed as lord 
high fteward of England ; and, in the firft feffion of par- 
1'ament afterwards, procured a refolution of the houfe of 
lords, as to the illegality of the judgment giv.en again ft him 
in the for infer reign, and a vote, that no peer ought to be 
committed for non-payment of a fine to the crown. Jan. 
s 6 9 r , he attended king William to the congrefs at the 
llague, where he lived in the utinoft date and magnifi¬ 
cence ; and had the honour to entertain feveral fovereign 
princes at his table, the king himfelf alfo being prelent in¬ 
cognito, May 12, 1694, he was created marquis of Har¬ 
rington and duke of De.vonftiire ; which, with his garter 
and white {luff, the place of lieutenant and cuftos rotulo- 
rum of the county of Derby, and jufticefhip in eyre, was 
as much honour as an Englilh fubjedt could enjoy. After 
the queen’s death, when the king’s abfence made the ap¬ 
pointment of regents necelfarv, he was one of the lords 
indices for feven lucceflive years; an honour which no 
.other temporal peer enjoyed. In the cafe of Sir John Fen- 
-v/k k, though he had a convidlion of his guilt, yet he was 
lo averle to any ex'raordinary judicial proceedings, that he 
oppofe-d the bill, as he did likewife another bill for the 
s elumption of the forfeited eftates in Ireland. At the ac- 
cellion of queen Anne he was confirmed in all his offices. 
April, 1705, he attended her majefty to Cambridge, and 
•xvas there created LL. D. In 1706, himfelf and his fon, 
the marquis of Harrington, were in the number of Englilh 
peers appointed commiifioners for concluding an union 
•with Scotland : this was the lad of his public employ¬ 
ments. He died Aug. 18, 1707. His mein and afpeft 
were engaging and commanding; his addrefs and conver¬ 
sation cfvil and courteous in the higheft de_gree. He 
judged right in the Supreme court, and on any important 
affair his Speeches were Smooth and weighty. As a ftatef- 
man, his whole deportment came up to his noble birth and 
his eminent Stations; nor did he want any of what the 
world cal! accomplifinnents. He had a great (kill in lan¬ 
guages, and read the Roman authors with great attention; 
Tacitus was his favourite. He was a true judge of hif- 
tory, a critic in poetry, and had a fine hand in rnnfic. He 
had an elegant tafte in painting and all the polite arts. 
His grace’s genius for poetry ihewed itfelf particularly in 
two pieces that are published, and are allowed by the critics 
ito be written with equal Spirit.and delicacy, 1. An Ode on 
the Death of Queen Mary. 2. An AlluSion to the Bifliop 
mi Cambray’s Supplement to Homer. He married lady 
Mary, daughter of James duke of Ormond, by whom he 
had three Sons and a daughter. See Heraldry. 
CAVERIFATAM', a town ot Hindooftan, in the My¬ 
sore country: ninety miles eaSt of Seringapatam, and 130 
wefl-fouth-weft of Madras. 
CA'V-ERN, [ [ cavtrna , Lat.J A hollow place in the 
■ground. See Cave. 
M'onftersof the foaming deep. 
From the deep ooz.e and gelid cavern rous’d, 
They flounce and tremble in unwieldy joy. Thomfon. 
CA'VERNED, adj. Full of caverns; hollow'; excavated: 
Embattled troops, with "flowing banners, pafs 
Thro’ flow’ry meads, delighted ; nor diftruft 
Th.e Smiling Surface; whilltthe cavern'd ground, 
Burfts fatal, and involves the hopes of war 
Jn fiery whirls. Philips. 
Inhabiting a cavern: 
No bandit fierce, no tyrant mad with pride, 
.No cavern"d hermit, refts felf-fatisfy’d. Pope. 
CA'VERNOUS, adj. Full of caverns.—No great da¬ 
mages are done by earthquakes, except only in tliofe coun¬ 
tries which are mountainous, and confequently ftony and 
fcavernous underneath. Woodward. 
CA'VERS, J. Offenders r elating to the mines in Der- 
jbyfhire, pnniftiable in the berghmote, or miners’ court. 
CAVE'SAS, a clufter of flnall ifiands in the Spanish 
C A V 
main, a little to the eaft of Cape St. Bias. Lat. 9. 30,, to 
9. 40.W. Ion. 78. 20. to 78. 40.W. Greenwich. 
CAVES'SON, J. [Fr.J In horfemanfhip, a fortof nofe- 
band, Sometimes made of iron, and Sometimes of leather 
or wood; Sometimes fiat, and Sometimes hollow or twilled ; 
which is put upon the nofe of a horfe, to forward the flip, 
pling and breaking of him.—An iron caveJJ'on Saves and 
Spares the mouths of young horfes, when they are broken; 
for, by the help of it, they are accnftomed to obey the 
hand, and to bend the neck and fhoulders, without hurt¬ 
ing their mouths, or Spoiling their bars with the bit. 
CAVET'TO, /. in architecture, a round concave 
moulding, containing a quadrant of a circle, having a 
quite contrary effect to that of a quarter round ; it is ufed 
as an ornament in cornices. 
CAUF, f. A cheft with holes in the top, to keep fifij 
alive in the water. Philips. 
CAUGHT, part. pajf. [from to catch, which fee.] 
CA'VIA,/. the Caw ; in zoology, a genus of quad¬ 
rupeds, belonging to the order of glires, the generic cha¬ 
racters of which are as follow : two wedge-like cutting 
teeth in each jaw; eight grinders in both jaws. The fore 
feet have four or five toes; the hind feet three, four, or 
five, each. The tail is either very fhort, or entirely want¬ 
ing. The collar-bones, or clavicles, are wanti ng. The 
animals of this genus feem to hold a middle place between 
the murine quadrupeds and the rabbit genus; they have a 
flow, and moftly a kind of leaping pace ; they never climb 
trees; they live on vegetable food, and dwell in hollow 
trees, or in burrows which they dig in the earth. There 
are feven fpecies, befides varieties, viz. 
1. Cavia pacha, or Spotted cavy ; with hardly any tail; 
the feet have five toes, and the Tides are marked with rows 
of pale yellow fpots. It inhabits Brafil, Guiana, and 
all the warmer parts of America; lives in fenny places 
near rivers, burrowing in the ground, and-keeping its hole 
exceedingly clean, to which it has always three diitinit 
outlets : it grows very fat, and is efteemed a great deli¬ 
cacy. The body and head meafure nearly two feet in 
length ; the tail is like a fmall button, and fo extremely 
fhort, as to be Hardly apparent, meafuring only two or 
three twelfth parts of an inch ; the head is large and thick, 
with a lengthened thick nofe, which is black at the tip ; 
the upper jaw is conliderably longer than the lower; the 
mouth is very fmall, and the upper lip is divided ; the 
noflrils are large, and the muzzle is garnifhed with long 
whilkers ; the upper jaw lias at each fide a fold of tiie 
(kin refembling a mouth ; the ears are fhort, broad, round- 
ifh, and covered with a fine and almoft imperceptible 
down; the eyes are large, prominent, and brownifh ; the 
eye-brows, temples, and throat, are garnifhed with hairy 
warts ; the two cutting teeth in each jaw are very long, of 
great ftrength, and of a faffron yellow colour ; the tongue 
is narrow, thick, and fomewhat rough.; the hind legs "are 
longer than the fore, and reft on the foie of the foot as far 
as the heel; all the feet have five toes armed with claws, 
the inner claw being very fhort. The female has two 
teats fituated between the hind thighs, and has only a (in¬ 
gle young one at a litter. The whole upper parts of tlie 
body are covered with fhort, coarfe, thinly-fcattered, hairs, 
of a dufky or dark-brown colour, which is deeper on the 
‘back : the Tides are marked with five rows’of w Kite, grey, 
or yellowilli, (pots, almoft running into each other; the bel¬ 
ly, bread, throat, and infides of the legs, are of a dirty 
white. There is a white variety of this animal mentioned 
by Pennant, which inhabiis the environs of the river St. 
Francis, in South America; -and, except in colour, refem- 
bles in every thing the animal above deferibed. See this 
animal delineated in the preceding plate of Catesb^a. 
2. Cavia acufchy, with a fhort tail 5 the upper parts of 
the body of an olive colour, and the under parts \\ hitilh 
brown. It inhabiis Guiana, Cayenne, and Brafil ; is 
about the fize of a half-grown rabbit, is eafily tamed, and is 
reckoned very delicate food. The female brings one, 
fometimc.s two, at a litter. This fpecies refembles the fol- 
2 lowing, 
