60 
THE TANNINS. 
Buchner considered the tannin identical with that 
of oak-bark. In comparison with the above he found 
that Aleppo galls gave to 
77.00 percent, of extract. 
80.40 “ “ 
86.50 “ “ 
Ether . . . 
Ether-alcohol 
Cold water . 
Under the commercial name of “ Chinese pear-galls/’ 
Hartwich in 1875 described a species of galls, which 
he found to contain 72 per cent, of tannin. He was 
unable to ascertain the botanical source, but they prob¬ 
ably belonged to one of the above varieties. 
A number of other varieties of galls have been ana¬ 
lyzed and described from time to time ; their use, how¬ 
ever, has usually been confined to the locality in which 
they grow. 
Among these may be mentioned the Bassorah, Bur- 
mah, or Mecca galls, which were analyzed by L. F. 
Bley in 1853, with the following results: 
Tannic acid. 26.00 per cent. 
Gallic acid. 1-60 “ 
Fatty oil. 0.60 “ 
Kesin. 3.40 “ 
Extractive and salts. 2.00 “ 
Starch. 8.40 
Woody fibre. 46.00 “ 
Moisture . 12.00 “ 
100.00 
They were described as reddish-brown in color, from 
the size of a hazel-nut to that of a small apple. They 
were believed to be produced on the Quercus tinctoria 
by the sting of Oynips isana, and by Lambert were 
