Manganese in Insect Flowers 
79 
Oct. 15.1917 V 
insect powder would supply useful information as to the presence of 
powdered stems, provided, of course, that the variation in manganese 
content of either the stems or flowers was not too great. 
v EXPERIMENTAL WORK 
For this investigation a number of representative samples of stems, 
“open” (mature) flowers, and “closed” flowers (buds) of both Dalma¬ 
tian and Japanese origin were selected from a large number of samples 
that were on hand. In addition, a sample of buhach, made from the 
flowers of the C. cinerariaefolium grown in southern California, was 
tested. The number of samples could have been multiplied, but it is 
believed that the results obtained are thoroughly representative. 
The method of analysis employed was as follows: Five gm. of 
material was ignited at a low temperature in an electric muffle, the ash 
dissolved in nitric acid, chlorids removed by the addition of silver nitrate 
and filtration, and the filtrate made up to convenient volume in a gradu¬ 
ated flask. An aliquot of this was then oxidized with ammonium 
persulphate, and the amount of permanganate present determined by 
comparison with a standard solution of potassium permanganate in a 
Schreiner colorimeter (4, p. 117--118). Nitrogen and phosphoric acid 
were also determined. 
The results of analyses are presented in Table I. 
Table I .—Analyses of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium a 
[Analyses on dried material; H2O—5 to 7 per cent.] 
Description. 
Japanese. 
Dalmatian. 
laboratory 
No. 
Manganese. 
Nitro¬ 
gen. 
Phos¬ 
phoric. 
Laboratory 
No. 
Manganese. 
Nitro¬ 
gen. 
Phos¬ 
phoric. 
Per cent. 
Percent . 
Percent. 
Percent. 
Percent. 
Percent* 
' 22576 
0.0077 
I.05 
0. 38 
12322 
O. 0059 
O. 84 
O. 14 
■ 23773 
. OI76 
.98 
-34 
12326 
. 0061 
. 70 
•15 
24295 
.0073 
I. 12 
•39 
12328 
. 0099 
. 84 
. 20 
24369 
. 0264 
I. IO 
.41 
12333 
. 0088 
. 86 
*25 
2439 2 
. OIIO 
.98 
*33 
12336 
. OIIO 
. 86 
Stems . 
< 24394 
. OIIO 
*95 
•35 
14925 
. 0081 
. 80 
•15 
24400 
. 0092 
•77 
1493 1 
. 0077 
. 80 
•17 
24401 
.0132 
1.02 
14946 
.0077 
. 80 
.24 
24402 
. OIIO 
.88 
15010 
. 0099 
• 7 i 
. 20 
24404 
. 0119 
.84 
24190 
. 0066 
.88 
•35 
. 24409 
. 0092 
. 76 
24294 
.0031 
•55 
. 26 
A wra ota 
.0123 
.0077 
■r— 
■ ■ ■ — ■ 
. 
a Buhach, made from flowers of C. cinerariaefolium grown in California (Lab. No. 26188); average=o.oo92. 
7767°—17 - 2 
