Oct. 29,1917 
Fungus Fairy Rings 
221 
Table VIII.— Nitrogen as nitrates per million of dry fine soil, according to Lowes, Gilbert, 
and Warington ( 1883 ) 
Location. 
Crum- 
Frank- 
land 
method. 
Schlos- 
ing 
method. 
Location. 
Crum- 
Frank- 
land 
method. 
Broadbalk fairy-ring soils, 
collected June 18,1887: 
Within the ring. 
On the ring. 
Just outside the ring. 
Outside the ring. 
Broadbalk fairy-ring soils, 
collected Sept. 15,1877: 
Within the ring. 
On the ring. 
Outside the ring. 
0. 23 
.92 
*43 
.09 
i- 3 i 
8. 07 
1. 10 
H .... 
K> M M .... 
A ^ O .... 
4 k OnOo .... 
Park fairy-ring soils col¬ 
lected Sept. 19, 1877: 
Within the ring. 
On the ring (center).. 
On the ring (outer 
edge). 
Just outside the ring. 
Park fairy-ring soils, col¬ 
lected Apr. 25, 1878: 
Within the ring. 
On the ring (inner 
side). 
On the ring (outer 
side}. 
Outsiae the ring. 
Trace. 
.46 
1. 21 
Trace. 
• 17 
1. 21 
None. 
. 18 
Schlos- 
ing 
method. 
Table IX.— Quantity of ammonia {in milligrams) in 100 gm. of dry soil according to 
Molliard, igio 
Zone. 
Location. 
Ammonia 
taken up 
by the 
water. 
Ammonia 
retained 
by soil. 
Total 
ammonia. 
T 
Inside, no mycelium. 
4 
37 
m 
Dead-grass zone, in mycelium.. 
14 
66 
80 
IV (s).... 
Outer stimulated zone (above mycelium 
area). 
8 
45 
53 
IV (p)... 
Outer stimulated zone (in mycelium area)... 
17 
$6 
73 
V.. .... 
Outside (normal) no mycelium. 
3 
35 
38 
The determinations of 1 nitrogen in the form of ammonia and nitrates 
in rings formed by Agaricus tabularis in 1915 are given in Table X. 
The soil samples were taken with a soil tube and consisted of a core of 
soil extending through the first 6 inches, the first foot, or the second 
foot of soil. The results in the second foot are less significant than those 
in the first foot, since less of the mycelium lies in this area. It will be 
noted as a rule that the ammonia content is higher in the ring than inside, 
and higher inside the ring than outside. In the case of nitrates the 
results are not conclusive, although as a rule the nitrates are more 
abundant in the ring and inside than under the normal sod outside. 
In 1916, samples of soil were taken in six carefully selected places in a 
trench dug across a number of different rings formed by Agaricus tabularis . 
1 For the determination of nitrates and ammonia the writers are indebted to Mr. R. C. Wright, of the 
Office of Soil-Bacteriology Investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry. The determinations were made by 
a modified Ulsch method. Two hundred c. c. of soil extract were treated with one c. c. of concentrated 
sulphuric acid and five gms. of reduced iron powder, and the reduction was allowed to proceed from 12 to 
15 hours. This solution was then made alkaline with magnesium oxid and distilled into standard acid. 
