Dec. 3, 1917 
Fatness of Cattle and Feed Utilization 
47i 
HEAT PRODUCTION 
To ascertain the heat production, the measured heat emission as 
recorded in Table 6, must be corrected for any storage of heat in the 
body, due either to fluctuations of body temperature or to a gain or loss 
of matter by the body. 
The rectal temperature of the animal was taken after it had stood in 
the calorimeter for about four hours—that is, about one hour before the 
beginning of the first subperiod—and again immediately after leaving the 
calorimeter. It would appear probable that the former temperature 
may be taken without serious error as the body temperature at the begin¬ 
ning of the experiment. Table 7 shows the body temperatures as taken 
and likewise the live weights of the animal when leaving the calorimeter. 
TabeE 7 .—Body temperatures and live weights 
Temperature. 
Live 
weight 
when 
leaving 
calorime¬ 
ter. 
Entering. 
Leaving. 
Difference. 
°C. 
°C. 
°C. 
Kgm, 
38-8 
38. 2 
—0. 6 
493 
38.7 
38.9 
+0. 2 
542 
39 -0 
39*3 
+0.3 
664 
38.7 
38.6 
—0. 1 
642 
If the specific heat of the body is assumed to be 0.8, the corresponding 
correction to be applied to the heat emission, computed on the live 
weight when leaving the calorimeter, would be as shown in the second 
column of Table 8. The correction for the gain or loss of matter by the 
body is based on the observed gain or loss of protein, fat, and water and 
has been computed in the manner described in a previous paper (j). 
Applying these corrections gives the results recorded in Table 8 for 
the heat production as compared with that computed in the usual way 
from the balance of nitrogen and carbon. 
CORRECTION TO UNIFORM STANDING AND LYING 
The proportion of time spent in the standing and lying positions, 
respectively, during the respiration calorimeter trials varied considerably, 
the percentage lying ranging, on the single days, from 26.7 to 58.4, 
equivalent, respectively, to 384.5 minutes and 840.5 minutes per 24 hours. 
The corresponding range for the entire 48-hour periods was 773 to 1,662 
minutes per 48 hours, or from 26.8 to 57.7 per cent. In order to render 
the several periods comparable, the heat production has been computed 
to 12 hours standing and 12 hours lying, respectively, by the method 
described in a previous publication (2, p. 454 ). 
