Dec. io, 1917 
Movement of Soluble Salts through Soils 
539 
A fine grade of quartz was next employed, the material used being that 
which passed through a 40-mm. sieve. The salt used was 1 per cent 
potassium chlorid. The results presented in Table V show that the salt 
movement through this rather inert material is appreciable—that is, 
under the conditions of the experiment. The rate of translocation is 
more rapid than in the coarser material, probably on account of the 
greater number of points of contact in the fine quartz. 
Table; V. —Changes in the concentration of the soil solution induced by the addition of 
I per cent of potassium chlorid to a fine quartz sand containing 5 per cent of water 
Distance from salt layer.' 
Freezing-point 
lowerings after 
10 days. 
Distance from salt layer. 
Freezing-point 
lowerings after 
10 days. 
Inches. 
A . 
p 
oop 
ZS 8 
Inches. 
I . 
o- 33 S 
1. 025 
■3 . 
O. 
In the next and elaborate series a medium sandy soil was employed 
as the indicator. The effect of the mass of sodium chlorid added, as well 
as the water content upon the movement of salts in the soil, was studied. 
The data summarized in Table VI reveal that even within five days the 
concentration of the soil solution in the soil, which contained 3 per cent 
of water, was measureable in the second inch from the treated layer, and 
after 10 days in the third inch, and at the end of 20 days' movement was 
found to have progressed 4 inches. Where the water content of the soil 
was 9 per cent, the distance of movement was consistently greater at 
the end of each period, and it is notable that after 20 days the concen¬ 
tration of the soil solution in the last, or fifth, inch of soil, was compara¬ 
tively great, or there seems to be a tendency under these and similar 
conditions toward a uniform concentration of the soil solution throughout 
the column of soil. Indeed, several preliminary experiments, which were 
continued about 75 days, showed this to be the case. Inasmuch as this 
phase of the subject is to be reported upon in detail later, these data are 
omitted. 
Table VI. —Changes in the concentration of the soil solution induced by the addition of 
1 per cent of sodium chlorid to a medium sand 
Dis¬ 
tance 
from 
salt 
layer. 
Freezing-point lowerings. 
Dis¬ 
tance 
from 
salt 
layer. 
Freezing-point lowerings. 
3 per cent of water. 
9 per cent of water. 
3 per cent of water. 
9 per cent of water. 
5 
days. 
10 
days. 
20 
days. 
days. 
10 
days. 
20 
days. 
days. 
10 
days. 
20 
days. 
days. 
10 
days. 
20 
days. 
Inches. 
5 . 
4 . 
3 . 
2. 
I. 
0..- 
0. 
0. OOO 
. OOO 
. OOO 
.005 
. 180 
. 210 
. 250 
0. 000 
. OOO 
. 010 
. 080 
.32° 
.360 
•370 
0. 000 
. 007 
•033 
. 098 
. 183 
• 2 59 
.316 
0. OOO 
. OOO 
. OOO 
.005 
.205 
•445 
• 5<>5 
0. 005 
. OIO 
.015 
• °55 
.225 
• 245 
• 405 
0. OIO 
. OIO 
. 020 
.034 
. 126 
. 148 
. 162 
Inches. 
O. 
1 . 
2 . 
3 . 
4 . 
5 . 
0. 230 
. 130 
. OIO 
. OOO 
. OOO 
. OOO 
0. 400 
.250 
. 070 
.015 
. 000 
. 000 
0. 239 
. 160 
.065 
. 004 
. 002 
. OOO 
O. 295 
. 100 
•015 
o- 395 
•*55 
.025 
. 017 
. OIO 
.005 
0. 214 
.194 
. 149 
•039 
. 029 
. 014 
.005 
. OOO 
