544 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XI, No. ii 
Table XII .—Movement of I per cent of potassium chlorid through medium sand in 
open tubes, showing the concentration after io days 
Dis¬ 
tance 
from 
salt 
layer. 
Low moisture. 
High moisture. 
Dis¬ 
tance 
from 
salt 
layer. 
Low moisture. 
High moisture. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
con¬ 
tent. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
loss. 
Freez¬ 
ing- 
point 
lower¬ 
ings. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
con¬ 
tent. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
loss. 
Freez¬ 
ing- 
point 
lower¬ 
ings. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
con¬ 
tent. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
loss. 
Freez¬ 
ing- 
point 
lower¬ 
ings. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
con¬ 
tent. 
Moist¬ 
ure 
loss. 
Freez¬ 
ing- 
point 
lower¬ 
ings. 
Inches. 
4 . 
O. 46 
2.73 
0. 048 
3.68 
4.69 
0.285 
Inches. 
I . 
2.25 
O. 94 
0. 020 
4 - 73 
2-95 
0. 018 
3 . 
I. 23 
I. 96 
. 082 
3-98 
4-39 
•045 
2. 
2-37 
.82 
. 007 
4. 82 
3 - SS 
. 014 
2 . 
I- 54 
1.65 
. 090 
4.11 
4- 26 
.085 
3 . 
2. 40 
•79 
. 000 
5 - 11 
3. 26 
. 002 
I. 
2. OO 
1.19 
. 070 
4. 22 
4 - 15 
.050 
4 . 
2.45 
• 74 
. OOO 
5 - 30 
3-°7 
. OOO 
O . 
2. 20 
•99 
.030 
5 - 45 
2. 92 
.013 
CHEMICAL STUDIES 
Chemical studies of the solution obtained by extracting i part of the 
various layers of soil with i of distilled water and passing it through 
the Chamberland filter have been made. In the first series 300 gm. of 
medium sand and silt-loam soil, respectively, were treated with 1 per 
cent of sodium chlorid in solution, and were placed in the bottom of 
3-gallon jars and the filling completed with untreated moist soils. One 
set was unsealed, in order to permit loss of water by evaporation. At the 
close of the experiment each i-inch layer was air-dried, extracts obtained 
as above indicated, and certain bases determined. The depression of 
the freezing point of the soil and the amount of .the bases found in the 
extraction are given in Table XIII. 
Table XIII .—Changes in the composition of the soil solution induced by the addition of 
I per cent of sodium chlorid to a medium sand and a silt loam. Duration , 15 days 
Distance from salt 
layer. 
Medium sand, containing 9 per cent of 1 
water. 
Silt loam, containing 20 per cent of 
water. 
Freez¬ 
ing- 
point 
low¬ 
erings 
of soil. 
Iron and 
aluminium. 
Calcium. 
Magne¬ 
sium. 
Freez¬ 
ing- 
point 
low¬ 
erings 
of soil. 
Iron and 
aluminium. 
Calcium. 
Magne¬ 
sium. 
Inches. 
4--.. 
3* •*.. 
0. 042 
.077 
• 117 
. 140 
.277 
P. p. m. 
* 
No ap- 
„ P r e - 
ciable 
changes 
P. p. m. 
+ 124.6 
+ 74-3 
i+ Si-7 
+ 26. 7 
1+ 39- 4 
P. p. m. 
+6. 90 
+6. 59 
+4. 28 
+3- 27 
+I-3 1 
0- 002 
•050 
.322 
. <22 
.687 
P. p. m. 
No ap- 
l p r e - 
[ ciable 
changes 
P. p. m. 
' + 14.6 
+ 45* 8 
I+148.9 
+ 103.4 
.+ 89. 8 
p. p. 
+ S-S8 
+ 11. so 
+19- 95 
+ 12. 70 
+ 9-47 
It is notable that the addition of sodium chlorid resulted in an in¬ 
crease in the amount of the bases calcium and magnesium released to 
the solution upon extraction, the amount increasing from the salt- 
treated layer of soil upward in the case of the sand in the open con- 
