Dec. 2 4> 1917 Eupatorium urticaefolium as a Poisonous Plant 
703 
Her temperature was normal during the experiment, except that it 
was rather high on October 30. In the autopsy the only positive abnor¬ 
mal condition was a congested duodenum. 
Sheep 309.—This was a female spring lamb weighing 84 pounds. She 
was fed upon autoclaved E. urticaefolium. This was given October 24 
and 26, 1914, and the uneaten material was removed on the 29th. She 
ate in this time 4 pounds, or 4.4 pounds per hundredweight of animal. 
There was no effect from this feeding. 
On November 2 she was given autoclaved material, the feeding being 
given by the balling gun. When she had received 1.38 pounds she com¬ 
menced to salivate, and the feeding was terminated. She frothed at the 
mouth, was nauseated, and her breath had a bad odor. On November 3 
she showed a lack of appetite and preferred to lie down. When led about, 
she walked unwillingly, showed marked trembling, and soon lay down. 
Plate 53, A, shows the weakness of the animal, and Plate 53, B, while 
apparently a poor picture, shows by the indistinctness of the sheep as 
compared with other objects the continuous trembling to which the 
animal was subject when on its feet. On November 4 the symptoms were 
more marked. When led about, she trembled violently and soon fell. 
This was repeated several times. The respiration and pulse were very 
rapid when attempts at movement were made. The temperature was 
104.2 0 F. This condition continued through November 5, the tempera¬ 
ture varying from 104.8 to 105.4. In the forenoon of the 6th the tem¬ 
perature was 105.8, and the respiration was labored and noisy. The 
animal was unable to stand, and there were occasional convulsive move¬ 
ments of the body muscles. She died at 4.30 p. m., and an autopsy was 
made on the morning of November 7. Nothing abnormal was found 
except possible congestion of the duodenum and small intestine and a 
similar condition of the liver and kidneys. 
Sheep 310.—This was a ewe about 6 months old, weighing 66 pounds.. 
January 29, 1915, dried plants of E. urticaefolium ground to a powder and 
mixed with water were fed with a balling gun, 1.75 pounds being used. 
This was equivalent to 7.6 pounds of green material per 100 pounds of 
animal. It produced no bad effect. 
On February 9 another feeding of 3 pounds of similar material was 
made in the same way. This was an equivalent of 13.82 pounds of 
green material per 100 pounds of animal. It, too, produced no effect 
besides evidence of discomfort from the large feeding. As will appear 
in the general discussion, the failure to produce intoxication was prob¬ 
ably due to the fact that the plant in drying loses much of its toxicity. 
Cow 699.—This animal, which was fed at Fancher, Ill., in the fall of 
1915, was an old milch cow, estimated to weigh 1,000 pounds. She was 
in good condition, giving a good flow of milk. She was fed from Sep¬ 
tember 21 to 30 on fresh material of E. urticaefolium , including stems, 
leaves, and flowers; this was mixed with grass and bran. She received 
23719°—17-3 
