sept. 2 ,1918 Comparative Toxic%ty of Cottonseed Products 
443 
gossypol. At the same time it appeared that cottonseed meal has nutri¬ 
tive limitations to which others have attributed the phenomenon of 
cottonseed-meal “injury.” Such limitations are, of course, not peculiar 
to cottonseed, but exist in all seeds. Thus, corn, wheat, rice, oats, etc., 
have been shown by McCollum and associates to possess an insufficient 
supply of the fat-soluble growth-promoting substance. As a single source 
of protein, minerals, and vitamines for rats cottonseed meal seems far 
superior to any of these grains. In fact, cottonseed meal has an ash 
content about seven times greater than that of com. 
Hart, Miller, and McCollum ( 2 ) have shown that the wheat embryo 
contains a toxic material which is manifest in certain limited diets, but 
the effect of which is overcome in a highly efficient diet. 
Recognizing the profound influence that cooking cottonseed meal has 
on the toxicity of the raw seed, we chose for our experiments two meals 
the preparation of which has been previously described in this article. 
The objects of the pig experiments were to ascertain— 
(1) Whether “injury” similar to cottonseed-meal “injury” was mani¬ 
fested in diets containing high protein concentrates whose nutritive 
properties we might expect to be similar to cottonseed meal. 
(2) Whether a meal which had been subjected to cooking for a period 
which represents the upper limit in cottonseed milling would prove 
definitely injurious to swine. 
(3) Whether, as we predicted, a short-cooked meal would prove more 
active than a long-cooked meal, other things being equal. 
(4) Whether by improvement of the diet (diet 6) by the addition of 
of butter fat, meat scrap, and the inorganic elements (calcium, sodium, 
chlorin) which are the least abundant of the necessary elements in the 
meal, or by addition of milk products (diet 7), which would improve the 
protein, mineral, and vitamine content of the diet, cottonseed meal 
poisoning might be averted. 
Table VIII .—Percentage composition of the swine diets 
Feed. 
Lot I. 
Lot 2. 
Lot 3. 
Lot 4. 
Lot 5. 
Lot 6. 
Lot 7. 
Cottonseed meal 1, long-cooked (2 
hours). 
2 5 
30 
30 
Cottonseed meal 2, short-cooked (28 
minutes). 
2 5 
Soybean meal. 
25 
Peanut meal. 
25 
Ether-extracted cottonseed kernels. . 
25 
65 
10 
Cracked com. 
65 
10 
65 
10 
10 
65 
10 
42 
20 
^ 4 *. 
0 O 
Wheat bran. 
Milk solids, skim milk, or buttermilk 
Meat scrap. 
IO 
7 
Butter... 
O 
5 
14 
18. 7 
Salt mixture. 
Approximate protein content (N X 
6.2O. 
16. 3 
16.8 
I 9 - 5 
16. 0 
19. 7 
20. 5 
