THE RURA& NEW-YORKER 
January- 21, 
62 
ALFALFA A GOOD TEACHER. 
What it Taught in 1910. 
First, that one bushel of clean seed 
oats sown as a nurse crop for Alfalfa 
seeding will raise 30 to 50 bushels of 
oats to the acre, this according to the 
strength and condition of the soil. Sec¬ 
ond, judging from the above, hereafter 
I do not intend to sow more than two 
bushels of oats to the acre at any time, 
or on any kind of soil. Third, that it 
is useless to sow a peck of Alfalfa seed 
to the acre, as I have failed to get a 
stand sowing a peck, and have suc¬ 
ceeded in getting a stand sowing four 
pounds to the acre. Fourth, to sow no 
other kind of grass seed at all where you 
sow Alfalfa. If you need more seed sow 
Alfalfa seed. Fifth, in fertilizing Al¬ 
falfa land guard against grass or weed 
seed in the fertilizer. Sixth, that disking 
Alfalfa is apt to cut off the crowns of the 
plant, and when this is done that is the 
end of that plant’s life. Even a splitting 
of the crowns with me has proved in¬ 
jurious. I have used the harrow at cer¬ 
tain times with good effect, but believe 
that surface cultivation can be done with 
a better implement than either a disk 
or harrow. 
While we never inoculated our soil 
we found that after the second year the 
soil was self-inoculated; nodules were 
quite numerous on the plants in 1910. 
One of the most important things about 
starting Alfalfa is' a soil free from weed 
or grass seed. My experience is that the 
best time is right after oat seeding in 
the Spring. Alfalfa, like Red clover, 
will stand a light freeze even after it 
has come up. Practically a better way 
would be to sow alone and clip it two 
or three times during the season with a 
mower. Do not expect too much from 
the first crop. 
Slower starting in the Spring, Alfalfa 
overtakes all the native grasses by the 
middle of June, when the first crop is 
ready to cut. While the first crop yields 
the best, it is the sickliest looking crop 
of the season. After the first cutting 
Alfalfa grows thrifty and is beautiful in 
appearance, a bluish dark green folliage 
and thrifty growth. The second crop 
will do to cut the last of July, third 
crop last of August or first of September. 
It is best to leave the fourth crop on 
the ground for Winter protection and 
it makes the plant more hardy. It is 
a positive advantage to cut the crop three 
times during the season, whether you 
get much or little, for it is by cutting 
and surface cultivation that the plant 
is made vigorous and productive from 
year to year, and is enabled to retain 
a foothold on the soil to the detriment of 
other grasses that are native and would 
crowd it out were it not for the above 
precautions. millard horton. 
Hancock Co.. Ill. 
Beans in a Young Orchard. 
<?. M. H., Vermont .—Which is the best 
crop to raise in young orchard (best for 
orchard), corn, beans, or potatoes? 
Ans. —Of the three crops mentioned 
we would choose beans. Corn unless it 
be a dwarf kind, grows too high and will 
shade the young trees. Corn is a rank 
feeder and sometimes robs the orchard 
of food and drink. Potatoes are good, 
provided they are well fed; but the 
trouble with the late crops is that dig¬ 
ging gives very late cultivation or work¬ 
ing of the soil. This stimulates a late 
growth, which is tender and may be 
killed in Winter. Beans make a good 
growth and add some nitrogen to the 
soil. They permit good culture and 
clover or rye can be seeded among them 
at the last cultivation. The vines are 
excellent to pile around the trees. 
“The Cull in the Package.” 
One of the brightest and most telling 
talks at the New York Fruit Growers’ 
meeting in Rochester was given by Mrs. 
Florence Cornwall, of Wayne Co., N. Y. 
The writer had spoken of the damage done 
to New York State fruit by poor packing, 
and had advised young men to marry 
school teachers if they could get one to 
overlook their deficiencies. Mrs. Cornwall 
said: 
“Perhaps the reason I am here this 
morning is because my husband followed 
the advice of Mr. Collingwood and married 
a school teacher, and it is hard to stop 
talking all at once. We heard yesterday 
afternoon and evening a serious and stren¬ 
uous scoring of the western New York 
‘state apple. By strong implication the 
grower of the western New York State 
apple was blamed. We were reminded of 
all our advantages, of the expert advice 
which we are receiving in these meetings, 
and plainly asked, Where are your re¬ 
sults? Now do you think this is fair? 
I know it isn’t in Wayne County. We 
raise fine apples. We are on the laek 
shore. We have every advantage of cli¬ 
mate, soil, theory and experience. We 
ought to raise fine apples and we do. Is 
it the grower’s fault? Should we be 
blamed for the present reputation which 
the western New York apple has in Ro¬ 
chester? I say no, and for this reason. In 
Wayne County 95 per cent of the apples 
are bought by dealers, operators, specula¬ 
tors. He buys them orchard run. He 
does much of the packing and oversees the 
rest himself. He labels the fruit. It is 
just like this: Last year a dealer offered 
us 80 cents a bushel orchard run. When 
we said $3 a barrel he laughed and went 
away. But he bought our neighbors’ 
apples, took them to storage. During the 
Winter he repacked them with the co¬ 
operation of a New York commission man, 
packed them so loosely that he made about 
20 extra barrels out of his 8,000 barrels, 
put in two bushels of fairly good apples, 
one bushel on the bottom, one bushel on 
top, filled in the middle with cider apples. 
Some of these which we brought home as 
a curiosity were the size of cherries. He 
said: ‘In New York City they only pay 
for two bushels of good apples. What is 
the use of putting in three?’ 
“He shipped his first carload to his 
friend in New York City, got .$3.75 a barrel, 
while we and others who packed their own 
fruit and packed it fair and honest got 
$5.50. His second car dropped 50 cents a 
barrel, the third 25 cents more, in spite of 
the efforts of his friend to keep up the 
price. In the end he lost a great deal of 
money. He also lost Incidentally or did 
his best to lose the reputation of the west¬ 
ern New York State apple. It went into 
the middle of the barrel with the culls. 
“How is it with Monroe County? Where 
are the fine pears which are grown in this 
vicinity? We know the*e are none finer in 
the United States. Are they sold in Ro¬ 
chester? I would like to ask the Cham¬ 
ber of Commerce of Rochester to give us 
the names of dealers in Rochester who will 
buy No. 1 fruit. Don’t you think some of 
these dealers are hiding behind the poor 
pack, the cull in the the barrel, as an 
excuse for not paying what good fruit is 
worth? And perhaps they put a pile of 
muddy New York State apples on the 
floor of their stores in order to sell by 
contrast the western box apple.” 
This Beautiful New Rose 
The 
Climbing 
American 
Beauty 
1 was originated by 
us — a cross be¬ 
tween the Ameri¬ 
can Beauty and 
the seedling of 
one of our hardy 
climbing roses. 
The result is a 
rose as beautiful 
__ and exquisitely 
fragrant as the American Beauty, with 
blooms 3 to 4 inches in diameter—but it is 
hardy as an oak, of strong habit of 
growth, a perfect mass of bloom in June. 
The Climbing American Beauty will grow 
wherever a climbing or pillar rose will— 
why not in your garden ? We will sell 
year-old plants of this wonderful new rose 
at $2.00 each—mailed, postpaid, to any 
address on receipt of amount. Write for 
folder giving full particulars. 
Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Company 
West Chester, Pa. 
SAVE MONEY^FRUIT PLANTS 
Healthy, northern-grown stock, which will produce 
money-making crops. Strawberry. Raspberry Black¬ 
berry, Currant. Grape Plants. Etc 
READ OUR GUARANTEE 
Every plant we ship is guaranteed to be first class 
and true to name, packed to reach you in good grow¬ 
ing condition (by express), and please you. or your 
money back. ... 
You can make big money growing good berries, 
but you cannot expect to grow good fruit by planting 
and replanting small inferior stock. 
Our plants are all grown on new ground (this being 
the first crqp) and are large, heavy rooted and free 
from disease. . 
We grow them by the million on our own ground 
and know what we are selling. That is why our busi¬ 
ness has nearly doubled every year for the past 
_■ twenty-two years. _ . . 
We can save you money on 100 plants or a car load. Our large illustrated catalogue 
is instructive and is free to all fruit growers Write for it today 
O. A. D. BALDWIN, R. D. 14, Bridgman, Mich. 
Kellogg 
Plants 
“Mrs. Gaswell, while you were in 
Venice did you see the bridge of sighs?” 
“Oh, yes, I saw what they called that, 
but, my land, I’ve seen bridges ten times 
its size without ever going out of Penn¬ 
sylvania.”—Chicago Tribune. 
Seeds, Plants, Roses, 
Bulbs, Vines, Shrubs, etc. 
Hundreds of car lots of 
FRUIT and ORNA- 
MENTAL TREES. 1,200 
acres, 50 in hardy Roses, 
none better grown. 44green- 
houses of Palms, Ferns, 
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other things too numerous 
to mention. Seeds, Plants, 
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paid. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. 
Immense stock of SUPERB CANNAS, the 
queen of bedding plants. Acres of Paeonias and 
other Perennials. 50 choice collections cheap in 
Seeds, Plants, Roses, etc. Elegant 168-page 
Catalog FREE. Send for it today and see what 
values we give for your money. Direct deal will 
Insure you the best at first cost. 57 years. (11) 
The Storrs & Harrison Go., Box 156, Painesville,0. 
Will Yield $500 to $800 per Acre 
rpHE Kellogg 1911 strawberry book is the most 
A complete treatise on strawberry growing ever 
written. It tells the farmer how to grow big 
crops of big, red strawberries and how t~> sell 
them at big prices. No matterwhereyonliveor 
what kind of soil you have, this book will tell you 
how to prepare your soil, what varieties to set, 
and how to manage the plants to insure best 
results. One acre of Kellogg Thoroughbred 
ilants grown the Kellogg way will yield $500 to 
,800. Get this beautifully illustrated 64-page 
book and learn how easy It is to grow straw¬ 
berries for market or home use. It’s free. 
B. M. KELLOGG COMPANY, Box 480 Throe Rivers, Mlcb. 
WHOLESALE PRICES 
i Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Gooseberry, 
irrant, Asparagus and Grape Plants, Heavy Rooted, 
High Grade Stock. 19th Annual Catalogue Free. 
A. R. WESTON & CO„ R. 8 Bridgman, Mlcb. 
Bumper Crops of 
STRAWBERRIES 
in Mid-Summer 
and Late Fall. 
Send for Catalogue. 
T. C. KEVITT 
Athenia N.u 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT CROW 
All Standard Varieties. Also RASPBERRY. BLACKBERRY, 
CURRANT and GRAPE Flams and ASPARAGUS Roots in 
I ASSORTMENT. WARRANTED T RUE-TO-N AM E, and of 
GRADE represented; Catalog with Cultural Instructions FREE, 
[p E WHITTEN. BOX 11, BRIDGMAN. MICHIGAN. 
SCARFF’S K&Vs 
of 
1000 acres devoted to the 
growing 
Scarff’s fruiting strains of small fruit 
plants, fruit trees, farm seeds, garden 
roots, etc. Our free catalog will surely 
please and save you money. 
W. N. SCARFF, New Carlisle, Ohio 
Drop a card for 
FLANSBURG H’S 
STRAWBERRY CATALOG 
for 1911. Reliable, interesting and instruc¬ 
tive. HIGHLAND, ST. LOUIS, GOLDEN GATE 
and all the best varieties. Address 
C. N. FLANSBURGH & SON 
JACKSON, MICH. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
200 Acres ofThem. I Grow Nothing Else 
I do not run a nursery—or seed business • 
I devote all my time to Strawberry 
Plant:- I personally superintend my 
farm, .'very plant guaranteed 44 true to 
namo* 4 '* Plants grown in Natural Straus 
berry Climate ; 'soil right, too. Strong 
rooted, prolific bearers. Prices right. Get 
my 1911 Catalog. Write to-day.—NOW. 
W. W. THOMAS, file Strawbemr Plant Man. 25GMaln St., Anns, III. 
CTRAWBERRY PLANTS —All the 1 eadlng and money making 
O varieties ready to ship now. D. ROD WAY, Hartly.Del. 
PAPER POTS 
-Three-inch, $1.25 a 1,000; 
—. — --four-inch, $1.75 a 1,000. 
P. B. CROSBY & SON, Catonsville, Md. 
Three rousing big crops of 
SALZER’S 
Alfalia 
We have sold enough of 
this seed to sow half-a- 
million acres and 
every purchaser 
has been enthu¬ 
siastic about it. 
Ex-Gov. W. IX 
Hoard of Wiscon¬ 
sin writes “I like ^ 
the quality of your 
Alfalfa Clover very * 
much. On 30 acres 
I raised over 
$2500 worth of 
Alfalfa Hay. 
There is no 
better money 
crop that I 
know of." --=•»>-- —- 
You sow Salzer’s Northern Grown Alfalfa and 
get three rousing big crops, in May, July and 
August, besides having the best of pastures. It 
will do this on any farm America where 
Timothy will grow. Get full particulars. A\iite 
for our 1911 catalog. It’s free. 
0 
10 PACKETS OF 
FARM SEEDS 
10*1 
Here’s our great trial collection at one cent 
a package, composed of Spellz, the cereal and 
hay wonder, Silver King Barley, a world beater with 
173 bu. per acre, Bonanza Oaf —swon four farms in 
1910—biggest sworn to yield 259 Bushels per acre. 
Billion Dollar Grass, the ten ton grass wonder, 
Salzer's luxuriant Alfalfa, and five other packets, 
allfen for 10c in stamps. Write for this collection 
today and we’ll also send you a free copy of our 
great 1911 catalogue. 
JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO. 
144South 8th St., La Crosse, WIs. 
ALFALFA 
All Northern grown, guaranteed to be 99 percent 
pure and free from dodder. Write for tree sample 
on which we Invite you to get Government testi. 
This seed should produce hay at $60 per acre! an¬ 
nually. Free Instructions on growing. 
GRAIN AND GRASS SEED 
SOY BEANS 
Northern grown and of .strongest vitality. We 
handle export grade only and can furnish erase 
mixture suitable for any soils. 
Wing’s Mikado,Sable 
and Mongol are the 
heaviest known yield- 
ers. Are all our own 
new varieties obtainable from ns only. Mikado 
has record of 37 bu. per acre. Will grow on poor 
soil and greatly Improve It. Write today for catalog. 
WING SEED CO., Box 323 Mechanlcsburg. O. 
CLOVER SEED 
Mammoth and Medium Red Clover Seed. I buy 
direct from the farmer that grows it. Will mail 
you sample and quote you prices on lots of two 
bushels up. M. L. WHITE, Noblksvilli:, Ind. 
Choicest Cloter Seed ifiSrtS 
direct from the farmer and selling direct to you 
gives 
money. 
free C. __ __ __ 
Seeds—mostly clovers,” 10 Main St.. Marysville, O. 
OFF no THAT DO NOT DISAPPOINT 
■■ P* I I Sold on The Ford Plan, which guar- 
BlN B IJ MB antees satisfaction and sa>cs you 
w ■■ ■■ w money on every purchase. Our cat¬ 
alog tells about it, gives descriptions and low prices on 
Best varieties Garden, Flower and Field Seeds, Pota¬ 
toes, Bulbs, Trees, Shrubs and Small Fruit Plants. Con¬ 
tains lots of testimonials from our customers. It’s free. 
FORD SEED CO., Dept. 24, Ravenna, Ohio. 
1 AM A FARMER and have FOR BADE 
STRICTLY CHOICE CLOVER SEED. 
Also handle Mammoth and Alsike Clover, Timothy 
and Millet Seed; Reid’s Yellow Dent, Learning, 
Boon Co. White, Silver Mine and the big Silo fod¬ 
der Seed Corn. Please ask for samples and price. 
I also buy all kinds of seed. L. F 8TOKCKER, 
Farmdale or Peoria, 111. Box 17. 
0ODSEEDS 
SBESTINTHEWORLD 
PRICES BELOW ALL OTHERS 
I give a lot of new sorts for 
’ trial with every order I fill. 
|A Grand Big Catalog CjlCC 
: Illustrated with over EJU-Jj 
700 engravings of vegetables 
and flowers. Send yours and 
_ _'your neighbors’ addresses. 
EL H. SHUMWAY, Rockford. Illinois 
