60 
THE RURAt NEW-YORKER 
January 14, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Under this heading we endeavor to give advice 
and suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains 
and fodders. No definite rules are given, but the 
advice is based upon experience and average 
analyses of foods. By ‘‘protein” is meant the 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch, 
sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel for 
the body, while “fat” is the pure oil found in 
foods. Dry matter” means the weight of actual 
food left in fodder or grain when all the water is 
driven off. A “narrow ration” means one in which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is close 
—a “wide” ration means one which shows a larger 
proportion of carbohydrates. 
Cabbage in Milk Ration. 
Will you tell me how I can, to the best 
advantage, use the following food stuffs 
fed for producing milk? Some clover and 
plenty Timothy hay, lots of cabbage, tur¬ 
nips, oats, buckwheat, peas and oats, corn 
fodder. What is the best grain to feed with 
cabbage to form a balanced ration, and 
how much per cow? w. h. c. 
Caneadea, N. Y. 
You can make a fairly well-balanced 
ration for the production of milk with 
the feeding stuffs mentioned without 
buying anything more. Clover, cab¬ 
bage and peas are all rich in protein, 
and make up for what the others lack. 
Timothy hay is not a good feed for 
milk production, but when cut early it 
can form a small part of the ration. 
Buckwheat can usually be sold at a 
higher figure than can be realized for it 
when fed to dairy cows. If you have a 
good market for Timothy hay and buck¬ 
wheat, without too long a haul, I would 
advise selling them and buying such 
feeds as wheat bran, dried brewers’ and 
distillers’ giains, gluten or cotton seed. 
Cabbage is an excellent feed for the 
production of milk, and can be fed free¬ 
ly once a day with splendid results. It 
is impossible for me to say that any 
particular grain is best to feed with 
cabbage as so much depends upon the 
conditions under which a person is 
working, especially the roughage used 
for the remainder of the ration. As 
cabbage contains 85 per cent, water it 
cannot entirely take the place of dry 
feeds, but should be used to supple¬ 
ment them and furnish succulence. The 
nutritive ratio of cabbage is 1:5:1, so 
it will be seen that it is a little narrower 
than is required for a balanced ration. 
When fed freely it has a tendency to 
produce a laxative condition of the 
cow’s digestion. This should be watched 
closely by the feeder and the amount 
used regulated accordingly. Turnips 
should be cut into small pieces before 
feeding by running them through a root 
cutter. Both cabbage and turnips 
should be fed soon after milking, to 
prevent tainting the milk. The follow¬ 
ing ration is compounded from the 
, feeding stuffs mentioned : 
Digestible 
Pro- 
Carb’s 
Feeding stuffs. Dry matter. 
tein. 
and Pat. 
Corn fodder. 5 lbs. 2.9 
.125 
1.865 
Clover hay, 7 lbs... 5.95 
.470 
2.772 
Timothy hay, 5 lbs. 4.35 
.14 
2.325 
Cabbage, 20 lbs_ 3. 
.36 
1.82 
Turnips, 5 lbs.5 
.05 
.385 
Ground oats. 4 lbs. 3.56 
.368 
2 272 
Ground peas. 4 lbs. 3.0 
Ground buckwheat. 
.672 
2.136 
2 lbs. 1.74 
.154 
1.066 
25.6 
2.34 
14.64 
While this ration is a little too wide, 
having a ratio of 1:6.2, it is doubtful if 
it would pay to buy feed to make it 
narrower unless you can make some of 
the changes mentioned above, c. s. G. 
A Kentucky Ration. 
For our dairy herd we have pea-vine 
hay, wheat and oats ground together, by 
weight 120 pounds wheat to 35 pounds 
oats. Oats bought at 50 cents a bushel, 
wheat grown on farm and worth 00 cents. 
Corn crushed, cob and all; all grown on 
place but oats. Cotton-seed meal. $30 per 
ton; linseed meal, $34 : bran, $29. For 
another herd we have the same feed except 
oats, hay in place of cow-pea hay, or 
can feed of both. Also compound me a 
ration using Alfalfa hay in place of pea- 
vine. 
Kentucky. M. s. b. 
Here are the analyses of two rations 
which are nearly balanced, one using 
Alfalfa alone and the other using equal 
parts cow-pea hay and hay from oats: 
Digestible 
Pro- 
Carb's 
Feeding stuffs. Dry matter. 
tein. 
and Fat. 
Alfalfa, 15 lbs_12.80 
1.65 
6.345 
Corn and cob meal, 
8 lbs.G.S0 
.352 
5.32 
Ground oats, 1 lb.. .89 
. 092 
. 568 
Ground wheat, 3% 
lbs. 3.15 
.857 
2.55 
Oil meal, 1 lb.91 
.293 
.485 
24.55 
2.744 
15.268 
Nutritive 
ratio 1 
: 5.56. 
Oats hay, 10 lbs... 8.4 
.40 
3.711 
I’eavine hay, 10 lbs. 8.93 
1.079 
4.18 
Ground oats, 1 lb.. 89. 
.092 
.568 
Ground wheat. 3% 
lbs.. 3.15 
.357 
2.55 
Coru and cob meal, 
3 lbs.2.55 
.132 
1.995 
Oil meal, 2 lbs- 1.82 
.586 
.97 
25.74 
2.646 
13.974 
Nutritive ratio 
1 : 5.3. 
If you desire to feed the cow-pea hay 
alone for roughage you can simply sub¬ 
stitute it for the Alfalfa in that ration 
as the analysis is practically the same 
for both. I would not advise feeding 
the oats hay alone, as you will find your 
cows will do better on a ration com¬ 
posed partly of cow-pea or Alfalfa hay 
than they will when fed hay from oats 
exclusively. You will notice in the two 
rations I have compounded for you that 
you will not have to buy much feed to 
make your rations balance as you raise 
everything except oats and oil meal, 
both of which are used in very small 
quantities. I am sure these rations will 
produce good results when properly fed 
to good cows. c. s. G. 
Ration with Mixed Materials. 
Will you please tell me how I can to the 
best advantage use the following food stuffs 
in ration for cows fed for producing milk? 
1 have on hand silage, dried barley grains, 
dried beet pulp, dairy feed, gluten feed and 
hay, clover and Timothy mixed, a. H. b. 
New York. 
The object of compounding rations 
for readers of The R. N.-Y. is to show 
how to mix your own balanced rations, 
thus saving the cost of buying them 
ready mixed. The dairy feed, accord¬ 
ing to Bulletin 324 issued by the New 
York Agricultural Experiment Station 
at Geneva, is composed of cotton-seed 
meal, molasses, cleaned grain screen¬ 
ings, salt and oat clips. It analyzes 
about the same as other molasses feeds, 
but the man who buys it pays a good 
price for mixing and advertising it. I 
would not advise its use after your 
present supply is exhausted. Dried beet 
pulp also is not necessary if you have 
plenty of silage. If not, the dried pulp 
makes an excellent substitute. The fol¬ 
lowing ration is a little wider than the 
standard calls for, but it will produce 
good results in practice. 
Digestible 
Pro- 
Carb’s 
Feeding stuffs. 
Dry matter. 
tein. 
and Fat. 
40 lbs. silage. 
_ 8.4 
.36 
5.16 
12 lbs. mixed 
hay 
and clover . 
_10.14 
.744 
5.52 
5 lbs. dried brewers 
trains . 
_ 4.6 
.785 
2.39 
3 lbs. gluten feed.. 2.7 
.696 
2.097 
26.14 
2.58 
15.167 
Nutritive ratio 1: 5.9. 
If you have the dairy feed and beet 
pulp on hand you can use one or two 
pounds of each in the ration, reducing 
the total amount fed correspondingly. 
In making any change of course you 
must realize that it must be made very 
gradually, during a week or two if the 
best results are expected. If you can 
get dried distillers’ grain like Biles 
XXXX or Ajax flakes and would use 
that instead of the brewers’ grains you 
tvould have as good a ration as you can 
find. __ c. s. G. 
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