98 
Does Fertilizer Lose by Standing? 
H. V. D. (No address) — Does fertilizer 
lose its value by age? It is about four 
years old, but was under roof all the time. 
Originally it was 1-8-4. 
AnS. —Well-made fertilizer will lose 
little of its value if kept dry and well 
protected. In a shed or outdoors where 
rain could wash through it there will 
be some loss. Usually where acid 
phosphate is used the phosphoric acid 
may become somewhat less available 
from standing, but there will be little 
actual loss. The chief trouble is that 
some mixtures “cake ’ or grow hard and 
lumpy when they stand long. 
The Bismarck Apple. 
W. H. K., New York, N. Y. —Will you 
give me some facts about the Bismarck 
apple tree, and its fruit? T\hat is the 
size of mature trees, comparing it with 
Baldwin, Wealthy or Sutton Beauty? Is 
the Bismarck fruit considered poor, medium 
or good quality, and is it fit for culinary 
use? 
Ans. —The Bismarck apple tree is not 
so thrifty and large in its habit of 
growth as most of our standard va¬ 
rieties and it bears very early in life, 
but not earlier than the Wealthy. Bald¬ 
win and Sutton are not precocious bear¬ 
ers. The fruit is of fair size, flat in 
shape, red striped and of a tart flavor 
that is not especially liked for eating in 
the fresh state, but is very good when 
cooked. The apples keep quite well into 
the Winter. h. e. v. d. 
Potatoes Under Straw. 
R. E. B., Strasbourg, Va. —1 am going to 
put my old orchard in corn this Spring, 
and about one-half acre, between rows 
(apple), in potatoes. The soil is sandy 
underlaid with heavy clay and covered with 
a heavy sod of Blue grass. How would it 
do to manure soil for the potatoes, place 
the potatoes in rows and cover deeply with 
straw? Would this be as good as or better 
than plowing ground and planting in regu¬ 
lar way? 
Ans. —We should not try to grow 
potatoes that way. Manure on sod is 
not as good as fertilizer for this crop. 
As for growing potatoes under straw 
it is often done, but in every case we 
have heard of the soil was plowed first 
and the seed pieces covered with soil 
and then with straw. We should con¬ 
sider it a good way not to do it to put 
seed pieces on top of the ground and 
pile straw over them. Plow the ground 
first. Then if you want to try the 
straw plant in shallow rows, close to¬ 
gether and put the straw on top. 
THE KUKAb NEW-YORKER 
January 28, 
Planting and Handling Apple Trees. 
G. H. S., Woburn, Miss .—I intend to set 
out some apple trees. How late can I 
set them, also how long can they be kept 
after I receive them before I get them all 
set out? Which is the better time to set 
out, Spring or Fall? I do not wish to 
plant and wait six or seven years and then 
find I have something different from what 
1 ordered, as I would then have to graft 
and wait three or four years more. 
Ans. —It will depend upon the growth 
which these trees have started. From 
choice we should plant the trees while 
the buds are dormant. We prefer Spring. 
In northern New Jersey this would mean 
early April, but we have delayed plant¬ 
ing until the latter part of May. We 
would rather not plant after the trees 
have sent out fair-sized leaves, though if 
the soil is moist and warm you can make 
such trees live. When you receive the 
trees from the nursery get them out of 
the cases and “heel” them in. Dig a 
ditch or plow a good furrow and put 
the tree roots into it and cover with 
soil, packing it firmly down. Keep the 
roots protected from sun and air in this 
way and you can keep the trees in¬ 
definitely. Regarding “substitution” of 
fruit varieties, most of the nurserymen 
who have been in business long are care¬ 
ful, but the best of them make mistakes 
at times. We have planted over 3,000 
trees, and as they come in bearing most 
of them are true. A few nurserymen 
will give some sort of a guarantee, but 
no man can be “dead sure” to get every 
tree right. We would not buy from tree 
agents, and if possible avoid trees that 
have been bought and sold by various 
nurserymen. 
Clover in the Silo. 
I have a heavy clay loam farm and am 
interested in making silage of Red clovei. 
I would like an article on how to do it in 
the best manner, as shown by the experience 
of those who have done it. 
TURNER BUSWELL. 
The best way to obtain such an article 
is to ask our readers to give their ex¬ 
perience. This they will do. As a rule 
clover does not make very satisfactory 
silage. Most dairymen seem to think it 
pays best to feed the clover as hay and 
fill the silo with corn. We shall be 
glad to have the facts. 
A Farm “ Limed to Death.” 
D. D. C., Tidewater, Fa.—I have a farm 
that has been "limed" to death with marl, 
eo that it will not grow buckwheat a foot 
high. What treatment would be best to 
restore it to fertility quickly? 
Ans. —It certainly is possible to injure 
land by using too much lime—just as 
we could ruin a crop with too much 
water or too much air. Most crops pre¬ 
fer a slightly alkaline soil, but too much 
lime hurts. To overcome the effect 
of the lime you can use acid phosphate 
freely or get some green crop started 
and plow under in warm weather, while 
the plants are soft and full of sap.; 
Leave the soil loose and fermentation 
will quickly start. Has anyone had act¬ 
ual experience? 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'j. get a quick reply and 
"a square deal.” See guarantee page 16. 
Sowing Fertilizers with Grain. 
There has been a great deal said and 
written on the subject of sowing ferti¬ 
lizers with wheat and other small grains. 
In most states it is acknowledged that it 
pays to use commercial fertilizers. Those 
who have had the greatest experience 
with these soil enrichers, agree that they 
are difficult to handle, being very easily 
affected by climatic conditions. That is, 
they gather moisture, and, therefore, at 
times become pasty and sticky. This 
causes corrosion, gumming and cement¬ 
ing of the fertilizer feeds.' In order to 
overcome this difficulty the makers of 
the Buckeye Grain and Fertilizer Drill 
have adopted a glass cone feed which 
does not corrode. They have also lined 
the fertilizer hopper with galvanized 
iron, and provided same with an agita¬ 
tor which swings slowly in the fertilizer 
hopper, keeps the fertilizer from bank¬ 
ing up and prevents lumps from causing 
trouble. The prongs on this agitator 
play over the hopper bottom and around 
the non-corrosive glass discs, thoroughly 
cleaning and scraping same. It makes 
no difference what kind the fertilizer is, 
the Buckeye is guaranteed to handle and 
sow it in great range of quantities. The 
Buckeye Grain Drill has many good 
points not to be found on other drills. 
The grain feed is of the internal type, 
with two throats or feeding channels, 
and change of quantity is obtained by 
changing the speed of the distributor 
wheel in the double feed cup. This feed 
will sow all large seeds—Lima beans, red 
kidney beans, peas, beets, oats—as well 
as wheat and all other small grains. In 
other words, there is no seed too large 
and none too small for the positive force 
feed of a Buckeye Drill, and the quantity 
is under absolute control of the user at 
all times. The frame is of square steel 
tubing and furnishes a most solid and 
substantial foundation for the drill. The 
manufacturers, The American Seeding- 
Machine Co., Incorporated, of Spring- 
field, Ohio, will be pleased to send any 
of our readers a Buckeye catalogue. We 
would also recommend prospective pur¬ 
chasers to go to their local implement 
dealer and insist on seeing the Buckeye 
Drill, which is made in plain and ferti¬ 
lizer styles in single disc, double disc, 
hoe and shoe. 
3-3 
Treat your 
^ plants right! 
Use, Sunlight 
Double Glass 
Sash 
<— 1 » * and 0 
for Hot-beds 
and Cold-frames 
Double G1&-SS Sa.sK 
A y'a inch layer of dry still Air, between the two layers of 
glass, affords ample Protection in the coldest weather. 
This transparent blanket eliminates all mats, 
boards or coverings of any kind, and does away 
with the hard work. 
Plants get all the light all the time 
which makes them grow faster and sturdier and 
puts them on the market weeks in advance of 
those grown under single glass sash. Glass is held 
in place without putty. Can’t work loose. Easily 
replaced. 
10 degrees below zero 
tTilmer A. Lyon,Lyndonville, Vermont, writes: 
“10 below zero. Plants under Sunlight Hash un¬ 
hurt, the sa»h were not covered." Write us for 
Agents offer. 
Get these two books : 
1, Our free catalog. Containing freight prepaid 
and guaranteed delivery 
proposition. 
2. Send 4c in stamps for a 
valuable booklet on hot¬ 
bed and cold-frame gar¬ 
dening by Prof. W. F. 
Massey. 
SUNLIGHT DOUBLE GLASS SASH CO., (Inc.) 
984 E. Broadway 
Louisville, Ky. 
FREE TO FARMERS 
A Valuable 160-page book entitled 
“SILO PROFITS” 
Written by 200 of the most successful 
Feeders, Farmers and Dairymen In 
the World. Every farmer In 
America should read this book, and 
as long as our supply of these books 
last we will mall one copy free to 
each person asking for it. It gives 
theaetual experience of these farm¬ 
ers and In their own words. 
Our Factories are located at An¬ 
derson, Ind., Des Moines, Iowa, and „_ 
Kansas City, ^Write NOW P-ftfite 11 
Missouri. » Wa? for this book «JllO i rOlllS 
INDIANA SILO COMPANY - 
318 Union Budding, Anderson, Indiana 
RAW GROUND LIME ROCK. 
Will Not Destroy the HUMUS. 
The Only Form of Lime that Can Be Used in 
Stables Safely. 
Write us for prices, etc. 
p. IS. CONLEY STONE CO., Utica. N. Y. 
NIAGARA BRAND 
LIME AMD SULPHUR SOLUTIOH 
The Ideal Combination Summer and Winter Spray 
As a SUMMER SPRAY combined with Arsenate of Lead will control 
APPLE SCAB and all other fungus diseases, CODLING MOTH and all 
chewing insects, and leaves a much finer finish on fruit than that sprayed 
with bordeaux mixture. 
As a WINTER SPRAY for control of San Jose Scale, Oyster Shell 
Bark Louse, Psylla, Aphis and all sucking insects, also Peach Leaf Curl. 
Far Superior to Bordeaux Mixture and Much Cheaper 
Tlio fut above shows Greening apples from tree sprayed with SEDIMENT from 
NIAGARA BRAND LIME SULPHUR <HEAVY GRADE) diluted 2-30 with two pounds 
of lead arsenato to fifty gallons. Scabby apples on the left; sound apples on t he right.. 
Obtained by Erret Wallace in this season’s experiments. 
Two reports of the work done by Mr. Wallace under the Niagara 
Sprayer Company Fellowship, will be published by Cornell University as 
bulletins, 288 on Lime Sulphur Solution Injury, and 289 Results with Lime 
and Sulphur as a Summer Spray. Copies of these bulletins may fie had by 
persons who request them through the Niagara. Sprayer Compan} . 
Write today for these Reports and our Catalogue and Prices on our line, which 
consists of 
Compressed Air and Gasoline Power Sprayers 
Hand Pumps 
Nozzles 
Spray Rods 
Hose and Fittings 
Niagara Brand Lime Sulphur Solution 
Niagara Brand Arsenate of Lead 
Bordeaux Mixture 
Tree Borer Paint 
Sulphur 
NIAGARA SPRAYER COMPANY 
250 
MAIN STREET, MIDDLEPORT, NEW YORK 
Also Niagara Brand Spray Company, Ltd., Burlington, Ont. 
[Make Boy’s Work 
oi Plowing 
Any boy old enough to drive can plow 
as well as a man by using 
WINNER PLOW TRUCKS 
They hold plow 0 ^ aI S 
plowing. No more jerking 
or iame backs. Easier on 
horses, too. Draft is actually 
iess because all weight is car¬ 
ried ou wheels instead of drag¬ 
ging on plow bottoms. Make 
straight furrows, lay 
them nicer, regulate 
depth and width. Fit 
any plow beam, steel or 
wood. 1 J Days Free 
-Trial. Money cheerfully 
1 refunded if not satisfactory. Free cata- 
_ log gives ail information. Write for it. 
L. R. LEWIS. Box F, Cortland, N. Y. 
SAW YOUR WOOD 
? ■ — ■ - SAWS DOWN 
TREES 
With a FOI.UINO bAWJM) MACltUE. 0 (CUDS liy ONE NAN la 
10 hours. Send for Free catalog No. E30 showing low price 
and testimonials from thousands. First ordei secures agency. 
folding Sawing Mach. Co. 1S8 E. Harrison St., Chicago) III* 
Price 
$10 
HYDRATED LIME 
in paper sacks, car-lots, for $7.00 per ton. Lime 
Screenings in bulk, from best grade of burnt lime, 
$5.00 per ton, f. o. b. cars any point between Buffalo 
and New York on the main lines of the N. Y. Cen¬ 
tral, Erie, D„ L. & W., Penna., Lehigh, N. Y-, O. & 
W. and C. R. R. of N. J. Order early before the 
great demand sets in and delays shipments. 
Address J. W. BALLARD CO., : : BINGHAMTON, N. Y. 
Make Your Own Fertilizer 
at Small Cost with 
WILSON’S PHOSPHATE MILLS 
From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone 
Cutters, hand and power 
for the poultrymen; grit 
and shell mills, farm feed 
mills, family grist mills, 
scrap cake mills. Send for 
our catalog. 
Wilson Bros., Sole Mfrs., Easton, Pa. 
PUMPS WATER WITH WATEI 
Gives you “running water when and where 
you want it.” No expense for power: no 
trouble ; no repairs; water raised in any quan¬ 
tity to any height. No trouble or expense to 
maintain. If you desire, we will install a 
and guarantee 
_ m _ to put it in to 
your entire satisfaction, fora 
fixed sum, agreed upon in 
advance. First cost is only cost. 
Write us. Power Specially Co. 
Ill Broadway, Mew York . 
FOSTERS RAM 
